Title: Eduard Frankl World War I Photographs Collected by Hermann Schultz
Inclusive Dates: 1914-1916

Creators:

• Frankl, Eduard, -1927
• Schultz, Hermann, 1861-1924, collector

Call Number: PH 2848

Quantity: 1.2 cubic feet (3 archives boxes)

Repository:

Wisconsin Historical Society, Division of Library, Archives, and Museum Collections

Archival Locations:

Wisconsin Historical Society (Map)

COLLECTIONS MAY BE STORED OFF-SITE: see catalog entry for additional information.

Abstract:

Photographs by Eduard Frankl, a press photographer based in Berlin, Germany, taken during World War I from 1914 to 1916. Photographs concern the German war effort, including scenes in and around Berlin, Allied prisoners of war, refugees, and the battlefront throughout Europe.

Note:

There do not appear to be any photographs later than 1916.

Language: English

URL to cite for this finding aid: http://digital.library.wisc.edu/1711.dl/wiarchives.uw-whs-ph02848

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Eduard Frankl was a press photographer who lived and worked in Berlin, Germany. Frankl's date and place of birth are unknown; however, he began working in 1904 as a press photographer in Berlin. Part of his business included selling newsworthy and interesting images to illustrated magazines. His home and business were located in the Friedenau section of Berlin at Schmargendorfer Strasse 17.

After the end of the World War in 1918, Frankl brought his son Alfred (1898-1955) into the business, known as A. & E. Frankl, Bilderichterstaetter (press journalists). They worked together until Eduard's death in Berlin, 1927. The broad-ranging image archive that he had created went to Alfred who may have unsuccessfully attempted to sell it to the publishing company August Scherl Verlag in 1933. Alfred moved to Bavaria in 1938 and continued work there as a photographer. After Alfred's death, portions of his collected work, as well as his father's, were given to the German State Archives and the German History Museum, circa 1958.

The World War I photographs taken by Eduard Frankl were donated by Sigrid Schultz as part of her papers (Mss 677). According to Schultz's memory the photographs, contained within an album, were given to her father, Herman Schultz, in about 1920. While she did not remember the name of the giver of the gift, it was, almost certainly the photographer, Eduard Frankl. She wrote in a letter to the Society Director Les Fishel, “the man was in financial trouble and father rendered him some service – probably introduced him to people who placed orders with him.” In return, Herman Schultz was given the photo album. In the financial and political chaos of post-World War I Germany, Frankl's ability to earn a living with his photography business would have been difficult. Seeking help from a prominent, and socially well-connected, portrait painter such as Herman Schultz would have made sense.

How many copies of Eduard's WWI prints existed is unknown, but clearly, there was more than one set. Some of his images were widely reproduced in publications, both contemporary to the war, and later. The loose pages in the Historical Society's collection were originally bound and covered with boards. It seems likely Frankl may have produced multiple bound versions for sale.

The Eduard Frankl photographs help document the first half of World War I from the Central Powers' point of view. Whether Frankl did any other war related photography during the last two years of the conflict is unclear. It is known he, and his son Alfred, took images of the fighting in Berlin during the post-war communist revolution and subsequent counter-revolution. None of these post-war photographs are included in the collection, but were published and/or are located in other archives.

During the war, Frankl was obligated to turn over his negatives to Supreme Army Command (Oberste Heeresleitung) authorities for use in press and propaganda efforts. However, he kept copies for himself and sold to publishers of various illustrated magazines and newspapers both in Germany and Austria. It is known his efforts to market the images sometimes resulted in conflict with military authorities who wanted exclusive control over the images.

After the start of hostilities in August 1914, Eduard Frankl quickly focused his energies on taking photographs of war related activities. He photographed scenes in and around Berlin such as the mobilization of troops, care of the wounded, preparation of supplies, foodstuffs, bandages for troops in the field, and the care of German refugees who had fled East Prussia during the fighting with the Russian army. He also photographed Allied prisoners in a camp at Zossen, south of Berlin.

Frankl then must have sought permission from German authorities to visit and photograph battlefront scenes. He visited the province of East Prussia, probably in September or October 1914, to photograph scenes of destruction caused by the Russian occupation and its recapture after the battle of Tannenberg. He also traveled to occupied Belgium and shot images in and around the City of Antwerp, which was captured by the Germans in October 1914. These photographs include many scenes of Belgian refugees who fled to neutral Netherlands to escape the fighting and the beginnings of their return to Belgium. Around this time, he also photographed German troops on the front lines in Alsace.

After the Ottoman Empire formally entered the war on the side of Germany in October 1914, Frankl sought permission to travel there. Based on dating of some of the images, this trip must have occurred before the end of 1914. The collection contains many images from this trip including the Turkish capital, Constantinople (Istanbul), German sailors from the battlecruiser S.M.S. Goeben, which was interned in the Bosporus Straits, the mobilization and training of Turkish troops, and their passage to the front in Syria. The journey to Syria includes images of the movement of men and equipment through Anatolia, the difficult passage over the Taurus Mountains, and into the province of Syria. He then visited Syria and Palestine, including scenes in Aleppo, Homs, Damascus, Jerusalem, Bethlehem, and as far south as Beersheba on the edge of the Negev Desert.

The scenes in Palestine show preparations for the unsuccessful Ottoman attack on the Suez Canal in January 1915. Images include scenes of the Ottoman commander, Ahmed Djemal Pascha, and his German military advisors. Other images include the declaration of Jihad (Holy War) by the Turks, images of the Arab irregular forces who fought for Turkey, and an image of Eduard Frankl astride a camel. Frankl returned from the Middle East by early 1915.

In addition to photographing German battlefronts, he also received as permit permission from the Austrian High Command and its War Press Office (Kriegspressequartier) to travel to Austro-Hungarian fronts in Poland and Galicia. Frankl photographed scenes from battles fought in the Carpathian Mountains in March or April of 1915. He also photographed the war in other parts of Poland, Galicia, and Bukovina. Included are images of the life of soldiers and civilians in areas behind the front, and units of the Polish Legion. He spent time in and around Czernowitz (Chernivtsi), the capital of the province of Bukovina, photographing the fighting there. He also visited Czenstochau (Czestochowa), Poland, after its occupation by Austrian troops, and Belgrade, after the invasion of the Kingdom of Serbia.

Finally, in both 1915 and 1916, Frankl visited Austrian forces fighting against the Italian army in South Tyrol. After Italy's declaration of war in the spring of 1915, Frankl made several visits to the Alpine front in the province of Trentino, the area around Lake Garda, and in the high mountain fighting near Mount Ortler.

The prints are captioned and numbered on the supporting pages. They are numbered from 1 through 1722, with a few unnumbered prints. Since there are only 1438 images in the collection, some prints appear to be missing, most likely before they came into the custody of the Wisconsin Historical Society.

Acquisition Information

Given to Hermann Schultz by Eduard Frankl, circa 1920; presented by Sigrid Schultz to the Wisconsin Historical Society, 1965.

Processing Information

Removed from binding.

PH 2848 Box/Folder   1/1 Number   606-607	Hospital ship on the Danube River, Serbia, 1915 Fall
Box/Folder   1/1 Number   608	Street scene in Valjevo, Serbia, 1915 Fall
Box/Folder   1/1 Number   609	Soldiers making themselves at home in a destroyed dwelling, Serbia, 1915 Fall
Box/Folder   1/1 Number   610, 616	Destroyed church in Sabac, Serbia, 1915 Fall
Box/Folder   1/1 Number   611	Ruins of a Serbian train depot, Serbia, 1915 Fall
Box/Folder   1/1 Number   612	“An expressive scene,” Serbia, 1915 Fall Note: Horses surrounding a steam threshing machine.
Box/Folder   1/1 Number   613	Austrian officers at a Serbian farmstead, Serbia, 1915 Fall
Box/Folder   1/1 Number   617	Destroyed customs house in Sabac, Serbia, 1915 Fall
Box/Folder   1/1 Number   618	An artist. Austro-Hungarian infantry soldier sketching the ruined church in Sabac, Serbia, 1915 Fall
Box/Folder   1/1 Number   619	A piece of agricultural equipment in Sabac that was destroyed by shelling, Serbia, 1915 Fall
Box/Folder   1/1 Number   620	Serbian prisoners, Serbia, 1915 Fall
Box/Folder   1/1 Number   621	Soldiers standing in the ruins of Sabac, Serbia, 1915 Fall
Box/Folder   1/1 Number   622	Serbian draw well in Valvejo, Serbia, 1915 Fall
Box/Folder   1/1 Number   623	Customs house in Sabac, Serbia, 1915 Fall
Box/Folder   1/1 Number   624	Serbian prisoners passing through Sabac, Serbia, 1915 Fall
Box/Folder   1/1 Number   625	Peeling potatoes, Serbia, 1915 Fall
Box/Folder   1/1 Number   626	A moment in time in the field kitchen, Serbia, 1915 Fall Note: Two German soldiers draining water from a kettle.
Box/Folder   1/1 Number   627	Sword sharpening, Serbia, 1915 Fall
Box/Folder   1/1 Number   628	Field carpentry shop, Serbia, 1915 Fall
Box/Folder   1/2 Number   586, 588	Scene of Croatian reservists, with a bagpiper, riding a freight car heading for the front, Serbia, 1915 Fall
Box/Folder   1/2 Number   587	Guarding the train station in Ruma, Serbia, 1915 Fall
Box/Folder   1/2 Number   589	Residence of a Serbian bishop in City of Neusatz (Novi Sad), Serbia, 1915 Fall Note: Members of an Austrian military band passing by in front of image. Neusatz (now Novi Sad) was a city within the Hungarian half of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. It had a significant Serbian population, and later became part of Yugoslavia after 1918.
Box/Folder   1/2 Number   590	Two Austrian Red Cross nurses, from the City of Graz, now in Syrmien, Serbia, 1915 Fall Note: Syrmien refers to the region between the Save and Danube Rivers in what is now Serbia and Croatia. Before 1914, it was a region located mainly within the Austro-Hungarian Empire.
Box/Folder   1/2 Number   591	Troops guarding the floating bridge, Serbia, 1915 Fall Note: Probably referring to bridge in Image 594.
Box/Folder   1/2 Number   592	Freight depot in Serbia, Serbia, 1915 Fall
Box/Folder   1/2 Number   593	Destroyed Serbian freight cars, which were totally burned out, Serbia, 1915 Fall
Box/Folder   1/2 Number   594	Pontoon bridge on the Save River between Sabac and Klenak. Bridge is opened to allow passage of a paddle wheel steamer, Serbia, 1915 Fall
Box/Folder   1/2 Number   595	Guarding a railroad handcart, Serbia, 1915 Fall
Box/Folder   1/2 Number   596	Austrian Danube river monitor, Serbia, 1915 Fall Note: Austrian soldiers in the City of Sabac, which is located on the Save River a tributary of the Danube, with a dismounted light field gun of the type used on river monitors.
Box/Folder   1/2 Number   597	Transport of freight in a column of wagons, Serbia, 1915 Fall Note: Incorrect caption, which actually belongs with Image 595.
Box/Folder   1/2 Number   598	Austrian gendarmes and officials at a train depot in Serbia, Serbia, 1915 Fall Note: Caption obscured and partially missing.
Box/Folder   1/2 Number   600	Mobile first-aid unit, Serbia, 1915 Fall Note: Austrian medic treating wounded soldiers and distributing canes.
Box/Folder   1/2 Number   601, 603	Transporting gifts from home to the front, Serbia, 1915 Fall
Box/Folder   1/2 Number   602	A street scene in Ruma, Serbia, 1915 Fall
Box/Folder   1/2 Number   604	A (cavalry) patrol asking for directions, Serbia, 1915 Fall
Box/Folder   1/2 Number   605	Ruma in Syrmien, Serbia, 1915 Fall Note: Austrian soldiers passing directional sign for road to towns of Vogani, Mitrowitz, Lacarak, and Sasinci.
Box/Folder   1/3 Number   549	Austrian soldiers crossing the Save River on a pontoon bridge, Serbia, 1915 Fall
Box/Folder   1/3 Number   550	Austrian soldiers crossing the Save River on a pontoon bridge, Serbia, 1915 Fall
Box/Folder   1/3 Number   551	Through Serbia in rain and storms. Wagon train of provisions on the march, Serbia, 1915 Fall
Box/Folder   1/3 Number   552	Austrian soldiers on the roadside with a dead draft horse waiting for a replacement animal, Serbia, 1915 Fall
Box/Folder   1/3 Number   553	Through Serbia in rain and storms. Supply column leaving Sabac, Serbia, 1915 Fall
Box/Folder   1/3 Number   554	Through Serbia in rain and storms. Supply column on the march towards Valjevo, Serbia, 1915 Fall
Box/Folder   1/3 Number   555	Field kitchen, Serbia, 1915 Fall
Box/Folder   1/3 Number   556	Slaughtering work on a Serbian farmstead, Serbia, 1915 Fall
Box/Folder   1/3 Number   557a, 558	Austrian troops repairing a rail bed and tracks, Serbia, 1915 Fall
Box/Folder   1/3 Number   557b	Improving a bad roadbed in Serbia, Serbia, 1915 Fall
Box/Folder   1/3 Number   560	Austrian field blacksmith, Serbia, 1915 Fall
Box/Folder   1/3 Number   561	Preparing mid-day meals for troops on a Serbian farmstead, Serbia, 1915 Fall
Box/Folder   1/3 Number   562, 566	Loading bricks from the ruins of a factory for use in road improvements, Serbia, 1915 Fall
Box/Folder   1/3 Number   563	Bosnian troops building a pontoon bridge on the Save River, Serbia, 1915 Fall Note: Bosnian Muslims were formed into distinct units within the Austro-Hungarian Army. Their uniforms were distinguished by their fez skullcaps.
Box/Folder   1/3 Number   564	Preparing a roadbed with bricks from a ruined factory, Serbia, 1915 Fall
Box/Folder   1/3 Number   565	Loading artillery ammunition for movement to the front line, Serbia, 1915 Fall
Box/Folder   1/3 Number   614	Street scene in Valjevo, Serbia, 1915 Fall
Box/Folder   1/3 Number   615	Transporting wings of an Austrian military airplane, Serbia, 1915 Fall
Box/Folder   1/4 Number   567	Unloading stones to be used in road improvements, Serbia, 1915 Fall
Box/Folder   1/4 Number   568	Refitting a Serbian school building for use as a telephone station, Serbia, 1915 Fall
Box/Folder   1/4 Number   569	“The beauty advisor at work,” Serbia, 1915 Fall Note: Austrian military barber cutting hair.
Box/Folder   1/4 Number   570	“Rest period,” Serbia, 1915 Fall Note: Austrian soldiers gathered around a kettle reading and smoking.
Box/Folder   1/4 Number   571	Improving bad roads in enemy territory, Serbia, 1915 Fall Note: Scene of civilians carrying shovels and equipment for roadwork.
Box/Folder   1/4 Number   572	Improving bad roads in enemy territory, Serbia, 1915 Fall Note: Two Austrian soldiers breaking rocks.
Box/Folder   1/4 Number   573	Essential work in enemy territory. Repairing telegraph wires, Serbia, 1915 Fall
Box/Folder   1/4 Number   575	Guarding the mail in Serbia, Serbia, 1915 Fall
Box/Folder   1/4 Number   576, unnumbered	Train depot guard in Ruma in Syrmien, Serbia, 1915 Fall
Box/Folder   1/4 Number   577	Diverse nationalities sitting around the campfire. Slovenians, Croatians, and Austrian soldiers, Serbia, 1915 Fall
Box/Folder   1/4 Number   577	No caption, Serbia, 1915 Fall Note: Two Austrian soldiers smoking behind a fence with personal equipment.
Box/Folder   1/4 Number   578	Training horses on a Serbian farmstead, Serbia, 1915 Fall
Box/Folder   1/4 Number   579	Pontoons for bridge building on the Save River, Serbia, 1915 Fall
Box/Folder   1/4 Number   582	City of Neusatz (Novi Sad), Serbia, 1915 Fall Note: Austrian soldier with a horse team and freight wagon.
Box/Folder   1/4 Number   583	Pontoon bridge across the Danube River in City of Peterwardein (Petrovaradin), Serbia, 1915 Fall
Box/Folder   1/4 Number   584	Austrian sailor rowing on the Danube, Serbia, 1915 Fall Note: Sailor and a civilian woman rowing a boat with another woman in stern with a musical instrument.
Box/Folder   1/4 Number   585	Train station in Ruma, Serbia, 1915 Fall Note: Austrian troops, with full equipment and weapons, offloading from train cars.
Box/Folder   1/4 Number   unnumbered	Group of Austrian soldiers with one man holding down a sheep, Serbia, 1915 Fall Note: Presumably prior to slaughtering for food.
Box/Folder   1/5 Number   708-709	Austrian soldiers shooting at an airplane, Russian Poland (Russian Partition) and Galicia, 1915
Box/Folder   1/5 Number   710	Austrian munitions column on the march in Russian Poland, Russian Poland (Russian Partition) and Galicia, 1915
Box/Folder   1/5 Number   711	Austrian Ulans in Galizien (Galicia), Russian Poland (Russian Partition) and Galicia, 1915 Note: Ulans (Uhlans) were one of the constituent types of cavalry in the Austro-Hungarian army along with dragoons and hussars.
Box/Folder   1/5 Number   712-713	A patrol of Austrian Ulans passing through a village, Russian Poland (Russian Partition) and Galicia, 1915
Box/Folder   1/5 Number   720	Austrian engineering troops building a bridge over the Dunajec River, Russian Poland (Russian Partition) and Galicia, 1915 Note: The Dunajec River, now in southern Poland, was formerly located in the Austrian Province of Galicia.
Box/Folder   1/5 Number   725	Unloading bags of flour from train cars for a field bakery, Russian Poland (Russian Partition) and Galicia, 1915
Box/Folder   1/5 Number   726	Austrian divisional field bakery, Russian Poland (Russian Partition) and Galicia, 1915
Box/Folder   1/5 Number   727	Cattle intended for slaughter being inspected by an Austrian veterinarian, Russian Poland (Russian Partition) and Galicia, 1915
Box/Folder   1/5 Number   728	A special joint of meat, Russian Poland (Russian Partition) and Galicia, 1915 Note: Austrian soldiers crowding around the carcass of a slaughtered cow.
Box/Folder   1/5 Number   729	Austrian soldiers leading requisitioned cattle on a muddy road in Galizien, Russian Poland (Russian Partition) and Galicia, 1915
Box/Folder   1/5 Number   730	Bags full of sandbags for use in trench building, Russian Poland (Russian Partition) and Galicia, 1915
Box/Folder   1/5 Number   733-734	Austrian soldiers using a ground floor apartment as a horse stable, Russian Poland (Russian Partition) and Galicia, 1915
Box/Folder   1/5 Number   735	French prisoners in the camp in Zossen with steaming bowls of soup, German P.O.W. camps Note: Zossen Camp was German prisoner-of-war camp located in the City of Zossen near Berlin.
Box/Folder   1/5 Number   736	French prisoners in Zossen waiting in line for food at a kitchen, German P.O.W. camps
Box/Folder   1/5 Number   741	Images of a French prisoner-of-war who was photographed in a military hospital in Brussels Note: The prisoner, who was from Guinea, in Africa, had stated during his interrogation by a military judge that there were cannibals in his home village. He absolutely denied, perhaps for obvious reasons, having ever eaten human flesh himself. It is questionable if the deployment of such savages on a European battlefield meets with the rules of international law. It is downright laughable when the French and English loose people of the lowest cultural level, and even cannibals, on their enemies while still claiming to fight for the sake of culture, German P.O.W. camps. Probably not a Frankl photograph. These images of a French colonial prisoner from Africa, who claimed to be from a village of cannibals in Guinea, were widely published in German illustrated papers and magazines.
Box/Folder   1/6 Number   739	View of the barracks in the Zossen Camp. French prisoners have worked to decorate the front of the barracks area, German P.O.W. camps
Box/Folder   1/6 Number   751	Calisthenics in the prisoner camp at Zossen, German P.O.W. camps
Box/Folder   1/6 Number   771	Emir Ali Pascha inspecting captured artillery pieces, Berlin
Box/Folder   1/6 Number   772	Austrian forward observer for a 305 mm mortar battery using a field telescope to confirm the firing coordinates, Galicia and Carpathian winter campaign, 1914-1915 Note: Austrian heavy mortars, with a caliber of 305 mm (30.5 cm) were widely used again fortified positions.
Box/Folder   1/6 Number   775	Distributing gifts to troops during a fire mission. Several soldiers are wearing snow shirts over their uniforms for better camouflage, Galicia and Carpathian winter campaign, 1914-1915
Box/Folder   1/6 Number   776	Austrian field artillery pieces and crews, Galicia and Carpathian winter campaign, 1914-1915
Box/Folder   1/6 Number   776	Artillery battery telephone, Galicia and Carpathian winter campaign, 1914-1915
Box/Folder   1/6 Number   777	Preparing an Austrian field artillery cannon for firing, Galicia and Carpathian winter campaign, 1914-1915
Box/Folder   1/6 Number   778	Aiming an Austrian large caliber field cannon, Galicia and Carpathian winter campaign, 1914-1915
Box/Folder   1/6 Number   779	Austrian 305 mm mortar in a prepared emplacement, Galicia and Carpathian winter campaign, 1914-1915
Box/Folder   1/6 Number   780	Austrian field artillery cannon at the moment of firing. One can see the recoil of the firing tube, Galicia and Carpathian winter campaign, 1914-1915
Box/Folder   1/6 Number   786	A locale destroyed by fire after shelling, Galicia and Carpathian winter campaign, 1914-1915
Box/Folder   1/6 Number   787	Unloading heavy artillery munitions behind the front, Galicia and Carpathian winter campaign, 1914-1915
Box/Folder   1/6 Number   790-791	In the Carpathian Mountains. A railroad bridge, blown up by the Russians, in the vicinity of the Dukla Pass, Galicia and Carpathian winter campaign, 1914-1915 Note: The Dukla Pass was one of three important road and rail routes through the Carpathian Mountains and was the scene of heavy fighting between Austrian and Russian forces in the winter of 1914-1915.
Box/Folder   1/6 Number   798	Loyal fraternal brotherhood, Galicia and Carpathian winter campaign, 1914-1915 Note: German medics carrying a wounded Austrian soldier on a litter through deep snow.
Box/Folder   1/6 Number   799	German medics carrying a wounded Austrian soldier on a litter across a small bridge over a creek, Galicia and Carpathian winter campaign, 1914-1915
Box/Folder   1/6 Number   unnumbered	During the final battles in the Carpathians. Improving telephone lines in the Uzsok Pass, which had been destroyed by the Russians, Galicia and Carpathian winter campaign, 1914-1915 Note: The Uzsok Pass was one of three important road and rail routes through the Carpathian Mountains and was the scene of heavy fighting between Austrian and Russian forces in the winter of 1914-1915.
Box/Folder   1/7 Number   714	Austrian engineering troops building a bridge over the Dunajec River, Russian Poland (Russian Partition) and Galicia, 1915
Box/Folder   1/7 Number   715	Austrian engineering troops guarding the pontoons to be used in bridge building, Russian Poland (Russian Partition) and Galicia, 1915
Box/Folder   1/7 Number   731	After the destruction of the Russians. Jewish merchant selling his remaining wares from the window sill of his destroyed house, Russian Poland (Russian Partition) and Galicia, 1915 Note: As Russian forces retreated in the face of advancing German and Austrian troops, they often looted and destroyed homes and commercial establishments.
Box/Folder   1/7 Number   732	Austrian Ulan purchasing woolen clothing for the winter months, Russian Poland (Russian Partition) and Galicia, 1915
Box/Folder   1/7 Number   737	Ethnicities at the Zossen POW camp, German P.O.W. camps Note: French, French colonial, and Russian prisoners.
Box/Folder   1/7 Number   738	Russian prisoners at a service in their private chapel in the Zossen POW camp, German P.O.W. camps
Box/Folder   1/7 Number   743	Various ethnicities at the Zossen POW camp, German P.O.W. camps Note: French colonial soldiers from North Africa.
Box/Folder   1/7 Number   744	The prisoners at the Zossen POW camp have their own non-commissioned officers, German P.O.W. camps Note: French colonial soldiers from North Africa in ranks with their sergeant.
Box/Folder   1/7 Number   745	Canteen in the Zossen POW camp, German P.O.W. camps
Box/Folder   1/7 Number   746	Diverse nationalities in front of a barracks in the POW camp, German P.O.W. camps
Box/Folder   1/7 Number   747	In the prisoner camp at Zossen. Prisoners weaving straw for shoes, German P.O.W. camps
Box/Folder   1/7 Number   748	Prisoner sleeping quarters in the Zossen POW camp, German P.O.W. camps
Box/Folder   1/7 Number   749	French artistic gardener beautifying the exterior of a barracks building in the camp at Zossen, German P.O.W. camps
Box/Folder   1/7 Number   750	French prisoners at the camp in Zossen hauling wood for their barracks, German P.O.W. camps
Box/Folder   1/8 Number   1047	Leon Bourgeois the successor of Delcasse Note: Not a Frankl image. Leon Bourgeois was the French Foreign Minister in 1914.
Box/Folder   1/8 Number   1060	Heavy artillery with Turkish crew on the Dardanelles, Bosporus and Dardanelles
Box/Folder   1/8 Number   1067-1068	Wiring the beaches, South Tyrol, Italy, 1915-1916 Note: Installing barbed wire entanglements.
Box/Folder   1/8 Number   1070	Building barbed wire entanglements in a lake reed bed on the southwestern battlefront, South Tyrol, Italy, 1915-1916
Box/Folder   1/8 Number   1071	Barbed wire entanglements in a lake reed bed on the southwestern battlefront, South Tyrol, Italy, 1915-1916
Box/Folder   1/8 Number   1072	In the battle zone around Lavarone. Camouflaged artillery positions that cannot be observed by the enemy, South Tyrol, Italy, 1915-1916
Box/Folder   1/8 Number   1073	“We salute you again Italy.” A piece of heavy artillery which had been used previously in battle against Italy, South Tyrol, Italy, 1915-1916 Note: Antiquated heavy artillery piece without any recoil system set up in a prepared firing position. Prior to 1915, the Austrian and Italian armies had not fought a war since 1866. Presumably this cannon was old enough to have been used then.
Box/Folder   1/8 Number   1074	On the southwestern battlefront. Troops resting in a firing position awaiting the order Make ready to fire, South Tyrol, Italy, 1915-1916 Note: Same location as Image 1073.
Box/Folder   1/8 Number   1075	Entrance to a tunnel blasted out of rock which serves our troops as a shelter and which is completely protected from enemy shelling, South Tyrol, Italy, 1915-1916
Box/Folder   1/8 Number   1076	Fortress officer lookout on the southwestern battlefront using the crest of a ridgeline as an observation post, South Tyrol, Italy, 1915-1916
Box/Folder   1/8 Number   1077	No caption, South Tyrol, Italy, 1915-1916 Note: Austrian staff car at a road intersection in the vicinity of Lavarone and Folgaria, South Tyrol.
Box/Folder   1/8 Number   1078	In Folgaria, South Tyrol, Italy, 1915-1916 Note: Folgaria was a commune along the pre-war border between Austrian South Tyrol and Italy.
Box/Folder   1/8 Number   1079	Folgaria, South Tyrol, Italy, 1915-1916
Box/Folder   1/8 Number   1080	Street scene in a South Tirolian (Tyrolian) village, South Tyrol, Italy, 1915-1916
Box/Folder   1/8 Number   1081	On the Tirolian (Tyrolian) battlefront. Working on a suspended pathway, South Tyrol, Italy, 1915-1916 Note: Austrian troops working on a footbridge suspended from side of a mountain above a lake.
Box/Folder   1/8 Number   1083	On the Tirolian (Tyrolian) battlefront. Dangerous military responsibilities, South Tyrol, Italy, 1915-1916
Box/Folder   1/8 Number   1084	The Turkish light cruiser Midilli bombarding Novo Rossijsk (Novorossisk). Burning Russian freighter, Black Sea Note: Probably not an original Frankl image, since he did not accompany this naval sortie. The Ottoman light cruiser Midilli was the former German vessel S.M.S. Breslau, which was taken into Ottoman service at the start of the war. During the war it operated mainly against Russian ships and facilities in the Black Sea, and late in 1914 it attacked the Russian port of Novorossisk sinking several vessels.
Box/Folder   1/9 Number   1034	A bust of Hindenburg erected and decorated at the restaurant in the City Park of Steglitz (suburban Berlin), Berlin
Box/Folder   1/9 Number   1035a	Speech of the Reich Chancellor (Theobald von Bethmann Hollweg) at the dedication of the “Iron Hindenburg statue,” Berlin Note: Outdoor speech at the site of the monument. Also identified on the image are Princess August Wilhelm (daughter-in-law of the Kaiser) and the wife Field Marshal Hindenburg.
Box/Folder   1/9 Number   1035b	Princess August Wilhelm and the wife of Field Marshal von Hindenburg going to the “nailing,” Berlin
Box/Folder   1/9 Number   1035c	Dedication of the Hindenburg monument in Berlin. With Princess August Wilhelm, the wife of Hindenburg, and Reich Chancellor von Bethmann Hollweg, Berlin
Box/Folder   1/9 Number   1035d	An airship flying over the celebration, Berlin
Box/Folder   1/9 Number   1035e	Arrival of Princess August Wilhelm at the celebration, Berlin
Box/Folder   1/9 Number   1035f	Life and activity at the Iron Hindenburg monument. The military band playing in front of the statue, Berlin Note: In 1914 a large wooden statue of Field Marshal Hindenburg was erected in Berlin as a fund-raising activity to support the war effort. Individuals would donate money sums of money in order to be allowed to drive iron nails in the statue. The idea being that the financial sacrifice by civilians allowed German soldiers to assume a hard as iron character in fighting the enemies of Germany. The statue remained standing for the duration of the war, before being dismantled and destroyed.
Box/Folder   1/9 Number   1035g	Life and activity at the Hindenburg monument. Signing the register after 'nailing', Berlin Note: Donors would pay 1 Mark to drive an iron nail into the statue or greater amounts to drive a silver nail.
Box/Folder   1/9 Number   1038a	Metal collecting site located in Friedenau (Berlin). The drop-off site, Berlin Note: Scrap drives and related metallic mineral collecting was essential to the war effort.
Box/Folder   1/9 Number   1038b	Metal collecting site located in Friedenau (Berlin). Separating pieces of iron, Berlin
Box/Folder   1/9 Number   1039a	The “Kaisereck” convalescence home for wounded soldiers on Hartenbergstrasse 16 (Berlin), Berlin
Box/Folder   1/9 Number   1039b	The “Kaisereck” convalescence home for wounded soldiers on Hartenbergstrasse 16 (Berlin). The home was under the chair of the wife of Staatsminister von Loebel. The home's direction was in the hands of Mrs. von Bienenfeldt, Berlin
Box/Folder   1/9 Number   1039c	The “Kaisereck” convalescence home for wounded soldiers on Hartenbergstrasse 16 (Berlin). Her Excellency Frau Staatsminister von Loebel is distributing cigarettes and coffee ration stamps to soldiers, Berlin
Box/Folder   1/9 Number   1039d	The “Kaisereck” convalescence home for wounded soldiers on Hartenbergstrasse 16 (Berlin). Soldiers having coffee in the garden, Berlin
Box/Folder   1/9 Number   1039e	The “Kaisereck” convalescence home for wounded soldiers on Hartenbergstrasse 16 (Berlin). Soldiers playing billiards, Berlin
Box/Folder   1/9 Number   1041a-b	Trenches constructed by convalescent soldiers, Berlin Note: A common feature in many cities during the war was the construction of scale model trenches and wire entanglements to allow civilians to gain an understanding of the realities of trench warfare. These examples were constructed by wounded soldiers.
Box/Folder   1/9 Number   1042a-c	Wounded Turkish officers in Berlin, Berlin Note: Turkish officers convalescing in Berlin some time after the Ottoman Empire entered the war on the side of Germany in October 1914.
Box/Folder   1/10 Number   1044	Heroes grave for Germans killed on the Dardanelles, Dardanelles Note: Image shows a marker for four dead German sailors killed on March 18, 1915. This was during the fighting on the Gallipoli peninsula. Small German detachments supported the Turkish forces, but there is no indication that Frankl was there during the fighting.
Box/Folder   1/10 Number   1049	Impact of a 305 mm mortar shell in a Russian position. Taken with a telephoto lens, Russian Poland (Russian Partition) and Galicia, 1915
Box/Folder   1/10 Number   1050	In Tyrol. A machine detachment advances, South Tyrol, Italy, 1915-1916
Box/Folder   1/10 Number   1050	Austrian sappers checking on water mines on the southwestern battlefront, South Tyrol, Italy, 1915-1916
Box/Folder   1/10 Number   1051	View of the Hotel Lavarone in the town of Lavarone, South Tyrol, Italy, 1915-1916 Note: Lavarone was a commune along the pre-war border between Austrian South Tyrol and Italy.
Box/Folder   1/10 Number   1052	Lavarone, South Tyrol, Italy, 1915-1916
Box/Folder   1/10 Number   1053	View of town of Lavarone in the southwest battlefront, South Tyrol, Italy, 1915-1916
Box/Folder   1/10 Number   1054-1055	Reconnaissance patrol on the southwest battlefront, South Tyrol, Italy, 1915-1916
Box/Folder   1/10 Number   1057-1059	Military fishing on the southwestern battlefront, South Tyrol, Italy, 1915-1916 Note: Group of Austrian sappers either laying or removing mines or obstacles.
Box/Folder   1/10 Number   1060	“Fishing out” obstacles laid by the Italians, South Tyrol, Italy, 1915-1916 Note: Group of Austrian sappers removing what appear to be basket mines from a lake.
Box/Folder   1/10 Number   1061, 1063	Fortifying an embankment on the southwest battlefront, South Tyrol, Italy, 1915-1916
Box/Folder   1/10 Number   1064	Sappers going to work, South Tyrol, Italy, 1915-1916 Note: Detachment of Austrian sappers heading off with equipment and weapons.
Box/Folder   1/11 Number   688	Winter quarters in Serbia. “A sunny spot,” Serbia, 1915 Fall
Box/Folder   1/11 Number   689	Winter quarters in Serbia. Bridge guard, Serbia, 1915 Fall
Box/Folder   1/11 Number   691	In a trench line in Dunajec, Russian Poland (Russian Partition) and Galicia, 1915
Box/Folder   1/11 Number   692, 694, 697-698	Austrian infantry on the battlefield in Galicia, Russian Poland (Russian Partition) and Galicia, 1915
Box/Folder   1/11 Number   693	Patrol at rest, Russian Poland (Russian Partition) and Galicia, 1915
Box/Folder   1/11 Number   695	Firing line reserves waiting for the order to advance, Russian Poland (Russian Partition) and Galicia, 1915
Box/Folder   1/11 Number   696	Austrian column at rest in a Galician village, Russian Poland (Russian Partition) and Galicia, 1915
Box/Folder   1/11 Number   698	Austrians in a captured Russian trench, Russian Poland (Russian Partition) and Galicia, 1915
Box/Folder   1/11 Number   699	Photo taken during the fighting on the Dunajec River. The order for the attack has been given, Russian Poland (Russian Partition) and Galicia, 1915
Box/Folder   1/11 Number   700	In battle with the Russians, Russian Poland (Russian Partition) and Galicia, 1915
Box/Folder   1/11 Number   701	A moment in time during the battles on the Dunajec River, Russian Poland (Russian Partition) and Galicia, 1915
Box/Folder   1/11 Number   702	The battles on the Dunajec (River). Relief troops heading to the trenches, Russian Poland (Russian Partition) and Galicia, 1915
Box/Folder   1/11 Number   703	The fighting in Galicia. Austrians in the trenches, Russian Poland (Russian Partition) and Galicia, 1915
Box/Folder   1/11 Number   704	Among the latest battles of our allies in Galicia. The troops in the foreground are the reserve line waiting to go forward. In the background Austrian infantry has occupied Russian trenches, Russian Poland (Russian Partition) and Galicia, 1915
Box/Folder   1/11 Number   705	The battles in Galicia. Austrian infantry assaulting Russian tranches, Russian Poland (Russian Partition) and Galicia, 1915
Box/Folder   1/11 Number   706	Resting in front of a damaged home after a skirmish, Russian Poland (Russian Partition) and Galicia, 1915
Box/Folder   1/11 Number   707	Austrian infantry patrol passing through a village, Russian Poland (Russian Partition) and Galicia, 1915
Box/Folder   1/12 Number   669-670	Passport control on the Swiss border, German-Swiss Border
Box/Folder   1/12 Number   671-672	German Red Cross officers and men who had been released from French POW camps in conformance with Geneva Convention rules, German-Swiss Border Note: German and Swiss military and border guards and officials.
Box/Folder   1/12 Number   673	Two German medical officers who had been released from French POW camps in conformance with Geneva Convention rules, German-Swiss Border
Box/Folder   1/12 Number   674	Wounded soldiers, and their nurses, walking across the Kaiser Franz Joseph square in Berlin, Berlin
Box/Folder   1/12 Number   675	Wounded soldiers and nurses examining a captured artillery piece, Berlin
Box/Folder   1/12 Number   676	Wounded soldiers and captured artillery in front of the royal palace, Berlin
Box/Folder   1/12 Number   677, 679-680	Wounded soldiers at the Christmas market in Berlin, Berlin
Box/Folder   1/12 Number   678	Wounded soldiers purchasing a Christmas tree, Berlin
Box/Folder   1/12 Number   683-684	Winter quarters in Serbia, Serbia, 1915 Fall
Box/Folder   1/12 Number   685	Winter quarters in Serbia. Waterproof straw huts serving as horse stalls, Serbia, 1915 Fall
Box/Folder   1/12 Number   686	Soldiers preparing straw for roofs for winter quarters in Serbia, Serbia, 1915 Fall
Box/Folder   1/12 Number   687	Winter quarters in Serbia. “A sunny spot,” Serbia, 1915 Fall
Box/Folder   1/13 Number   650	Field blacksmith shop
Box/Folder   1/13 Number   651-652	Troops shooting at enemy plane
Box/Folder   1/13 Number   653	Defending a railway line
Box/Folder   1/13 Number   654-655	Fattening up the Christmas roast Note: German troops getting pig ready for slaughter.
Box/Folder   1/13 Number   656-657	Remembrance of home Note: German soldier with young girl and Christmas tree.
Box/Folder   1/13 Number   658	No caption Note: German soldier and Christmas present.
Box/Folder   1/13 Number   660	The mail delivering hoped for packages
Box/Folder   1/13 Number   661	Our Landsturm (reservist) troops opening their Christmas packages
Box/Folder   1/13 Number   662	Trimming the Christmas tree
Box/Folder   1/13 Number   663	Troops gathered around the Christmas tree
Box/Folder   1/13 Number   664-665	German Landsturm (reservists) trimming a Christmas tree and giving gifts
Box/Folder   1/13 Number   666	Our Landsturm (reservist) troops trimming the tree
Box/Folder   1/13 Number   667	Our Landsturm (reservist) troops making paper baskets to decorate the Christmas tree
Box/Folder   1/13 Number   668	A Landwehrmann (reservist) bringing a Christmas tree back to his company
Box/Folder   1/13 Number   unnumbered	German soldiers holding up gifts of food
Box/Folder   1/14 Number   800	German soldiers using horse drawn sleights to transport Austrian wounded to a first aid station, Galicia and Carpathian winter campaign, 1914-1915
Box/Folder   1/14 Number   801	German medics using a sledge to transport Austrian wounded to a first aid station, Galicia and Carpathian winter campaign, 1914-1915
Box/Folder   1/14 Number   802	Aiding a wounded soldier in the Carpathian mountains, Galicia and Carpathian winter campaign, 1914-1915
Box/Folder   1/14 Number   803	German soldiers using sledges to transport Austrian wounded to a first aid station, Galicia and Carpathian winter campaign, 1914-1915
Box/Folder   1/14 Number   804-805	Transporting wounded soldiers in the Carpathians, Galicia and Carpathian winter campaign, 1914-1915
Box/Folder   1/14 Number   808	Austrian soldiers on patrol in the snow covered forests of the Carpathians, Galicia and Carpathian winter campaign, 1914-1915
Box/Folder   1/14 Number   809	German and Austrian soldiers who are jointly fighting the Russians in the Carpathians. The photo shows German and Austrian troops on an oxcart, Galicia and Carpathian winter campaign, 1914-1915
Box/Folder   1/14 Number   810	German artillery column in the Carpathian Mountains, Galicia and Carpathian winter campaign, 1914-1915
Box/Folder   1/14 Number   811	German and Austrian medical troops on the way to the Usokpass, Galicia and Carpathian winter campaign, 1914-1915
Box/Folder   1/14 Number   814	German and Austrian soldiers who have traded their headgear as a joke, Galicia and Carpathian winter campaign, 1914-1915
Box/Folder   1/14 Number   815	German and Austrian soldiers resting together in a brick covered bunker, Galicia and Carpathian winter campaign, 1914-1915
Box/Folder   1/14 Number   816	Wounded German soldier on a train being given a drink by an Austrian colleague, Galicia and Carpathian winter campaign, 1914-1915
Box/Folder   1/14 Number   817	German soldiers on a stopped troop train buying refreshments from a young girl, Galicia and Carpathian winter campaign, 1914-1915
Box/Folder   1/14 Number   818	Austrian troops riding in a box car on their way to the front, Galicia and Carpathian winter campaign, 1914-1915
Box/Folder   1/14 Number   818	German and Austrians troops resting comfortably in the snow during a break in the fighting, Galicia and Carpathian winter campaign, 1914-1915
Box/Folder   1/14 Number   824	Cattle intended for slaughter being moved over the Dukla Pass towards the front, Galicia and Carpathian winter campaign, 1914-1915
Box/Folder   1/14 Number   825	German medical unit column passing through a village, Galicia and Carpathian winter campaign, 1914-1915
Box/Folder   1/14 Number   826	Cattle intended for slaughter behind the front in the Carpathians, Galicia and Carpathian winter campaign, 1914-1915
Box/Folder   1/14 Number   827	Supply column behind the front, Galicia and Carpathian winter campaign, 1914-1915
Box/Folder   1/15 Number   629	“A rip in the trousers is quickly repaired”
Box/Folder   1/15 Number   630	Military cobbler repairing boots
Box/Folder   1/15 Number   631-632	Barbed wire depot behind the front
Box/Folder   1/15 Number   633	Handing out soup
Box/Folder   1/15 Number   634	Presents from home being distributed to troops preparing a New Year's punch
Box/Folder   1/15 Number   635	Distributing bread
Box/Folder   1/15 Number   636	Getting the latest news in enemy territory
Box/Folder   1/15 Number   637	Humorous musical ensemble Note: German soldiers playing homemade instruments.
Box/Folder   1/15 Number   638	“The beauty advisors” Note: German soldiers getting shaves.
Box/Folder   1/15 Number   639	“A little game” Note: German soldiers playing cards.
Box/Folder   1/15 Number   640	Digging in a telephone pole
Box/Folder   1/15 Number   643	Repairing a truck in the field
Box/Folder   1/15 Number   644	Filling cans with gasoline
Box/Folder   1/15 Number   645	German signal troops
Box/Folder   1/15 Number   648	Border guards on the Swiss frontier, German-Swiss Border Note: German and Swiss military and border guards.
Box/Folder   1/15 Number   649	German soldier praying at a mass grave
Box/Folder   1/16 Number   828	Supply column on the Uzsok Pass, Galicia and Carpathian winter campaign, 1914-1915
Box/Folder   1/16 Number   829	Munitions column on the Uzsok Pass, Galicia and Carpathian winter campaign, 1914-1915
Box/Folder   1/16 Number   830	Austrian supply wagons on the way to the Dukla Pass in the Carpathians, Galicia and Carpathian winter campaign, 1914-1915
Box/Folder   1/16 Number   831-833	Austrian munitions column on horses and mules being transported to the front, Galicia and Carpathian winter campaign, 1914-1915
Box/Folder   1/16 Number   834, 836-837, 839	Austrian troops resting in the vicinity of Uzsok Pass, Galicia and Carpathian winter campaign, 1914-1915
Box/Folder   1/16 Number   835	Scene of Austrian and German soldiers in the Carpathian Mountains on a -20 Celsius (-4 degree Fahrenheit) day, Galicia and Carpathian winter campaign, 1914-1915
Box/Folder   1/16 Number   838	Winter wool clothing being distributed to Austrian soldiers near Uzsok Pass, Galicia and Carpathian winter campaign, 1914-1915
Box/Folder   1/16 Number   840	German soldiers conversing with their brothers-in-arms, Galicia and Carpathian winter campaign, 1914-1915 Note: Soldiers and field artillery wagons in front of a roadside calvary.
Box/Folder   1/16 Number   841	German and Austrian soldiers at a field kitchen, Galicia and Carpathian winter campaign, 1914-1915
Box/Folder   1/16 Number   842-843	For some time now German and Austrian troops have been fighting jointly against the Russians. The photo shows German artillery parked in the vicinity of the Uzsok Pass, Galicia and Carpathian winter campaign, 1914-1915
Box/Folder   1/16 Number   844-845	As protection against the bitter cold of the Carpathian Mountains, the Austrian Army supply command delivers fur muffs for soldiers, Galicia and Carpathian winter campaign, 1914-1915
Box/Folder   1/16 Number   850	Results of the “Reich's Wool Week.” Every day loads of wool garments arrived at the collection point in the old Kroll Opera House and were sorted by volunteers, Berlin, 1915
Box/Folder   1/17 Number   761	Pressure kettles being used to cook tinned meat. In the background a kettle is being unloaded, Berlin, 1914
Box/Folder   1/17 Number   762	The cooked tins are transferred to a hot room kept at 30 degrees (86 degree Fahrenheit) Here they are cleaned and sorted. Any tins with bulges are separated since they have not sealed properly. The meat is then removed and used to feed poor civilians, Berlin, 1914
Box/Folder   1/17 Number   763	Tins in trays that are being loaded for shipping, Berlin, 1914
Box/Folder   1/17 Number   764	Packing tins for shipment, Berlin, 1914
Box/Folder   1/17 Number   765	The opening of the National Warrior's Home. The National Women's' Service has opened a home for wounded soldiers in Wilmersdorf (Berlin). Wounded soldiers who have no relatives in Berlin can go to this facility. The ladies of the National Women's' Service care for and entertain them with coffee and baked goods, Berlin, 1914
Box/Folder   1/17 Number   766	Christmas present distribution for East Prussian refugees. The Christmas present event was organized by Countess Mirbach and held in the new Philharmonic and 350 children were provided with many presents, Berlin, 1914
Box/Folder   1/17 Number   767	Collection point for cigars and newspapers for distribution to soldiers, Berlin, 1914
Box/Folder   1/17 Number   768	American military attaches who were staying in Berlin during a visit to the Franzerkaserne (barracks), Berlin Note: Prior to the U.S. entry into the war in 1917, American neutrality meant that the American embassy staff in Berlin included a contingent of military and naval attaché personnel.
Box/Folder   1/17 Number   770	Emir Ali Pascha in Berlin. At present, Berlin is providing accommodation for a high ranking political guest, a son of Abd el Kader, who is the Vice-President of the Turkish legislature. Emir Ali Pascha, accompanied by an interpreter and aides, is using the legislature's recess period to study and learn about the Reich's capital. Emir Ali Pascha is a robust man in his fifties of a pronounced Turkish appearance. As the son of Abd el Kader he carries the title of Imperial Highness. The image shows a stroll down Unter den Linden, Berlin Note: Emir Ali Pascha was in Berlin in either December 1914 or January 1915.
Box/Folder   1/17 Number   782	A Christmas tree decorated with the protective covers of shrapnel shells
Box/Folder   1/17 Number   783	“Hotel hole-in-the-ground” at the 14th Army (Cops) Headquarters, Galicia and Carpathian winter campaign, 1914-1915 Note: Wood covered dugout in the headquarters of the 14th Army (Corps).
Box/Folder   1/17 Number   784	The remains of Meierhofes in Poskitow north of Cracow in Russian territory. A Russian grave lies in the foreground of the image. Meierhof was assaulted five times by Austro-Hungarian troops and always recaptured by the Russians, until it was finally taken by our troops, Russian Poland (Russian Partition) and Galicia, 1915
Box/Folder   1/17 Number   785	The ruins of a totally destroyed Russian village, Russian Poland (Russian Partition) and Galicia, 1915
Box/Folder   1/17 Number   796	The arrival of a the first mail delivery at the Dukla Pass with a horse drawn sleigh, Galicia and Carpathian winter campaign, 1914-1915
Box/Folder   1/17 Number   797	“A difficult passage,” Galicia and Carpathian winter campaign, 1914-1915 Note: German troops crossing a log bridge.
Box/Folder   1/17 Number   812	Austrian artillery in the Carpathian Mountains, Galicia and Carpathian winter campaign, 1914-1915
Box/Folder   1/17 Number   813	At the Uzsok Pass, from which the Russians have been pushed back, and in whose vicinity fighting is now happening. The image shows the pass with an Austrian supply depot, Galicia and Carpathian winter campaign, 1914-1915
Box/Folder   1/17 Number   822	An idyllic scene in a Carpathian village. At dwelling being used as a cattle barn, Galicia and Carpathian winter campaign, 1914-1915
Box/Folder   1/17 Number   823	Transporting cattle for slaughter across the Dukla Pass, Galicia and Carpathian winter campaign, 1914-1915
Box/Folder   1/18 Number   753	One can see from the image how prisoners are allowed to pursue their own interests, German P.O.W. camps Note: French POWs at rest and sculpting.
Box/Folder   1/18 Number   754	A French prisoner, who is a sculptor, who has been given a private studio space to work on his art, German P.O.W. camps
Box/Folder   1/18 Number   755	Preparing goulash meat. Unloading carts full of sides of beef in the factory courtyard, Berlin, 1914
Box/Folder   1/18 Number   756	De-boning meet for goulash, Berlin, 1914
Box/Folder   1/18 Number   757	After de-boning the meat is sliced into smaller pieces, Berlin, 1914
Box/Folder   1/18 Number   758	The cut pieces of meat are packed in tins and sealed to make them airtight, Berlin, 1914
Box/Folder   1/18 Number   759	No caption, Berlin, 1914 Note: Preparing and sealing tins of meat.
Box/Folder   1/18 Number   760	When a vat is completely filled with tins it is placed inside of a larger vessel, sealed tightly, and the meat is pressure cooked with hot air, Berlin, 1914
Box/Folder   1/19 Number   851	The first performance of “Germany's Historical Development and Greatness” took place on February 13 (1915) in the exhibition hall of the Zoological Gardens. In addition to its patriotic intent, the endeavor serves both charitable and benevolent purposes also, Berlin, 1915 Note: Nibelungen legend (circa A.D. 350).
Box/Folder   1/19 Number   852	The first performance of “Germany's Historical Development and Greatness” took place on February 13 (1915) in the exhibition hall of the Zoological Gardens. In addition to its patriotic intent, the endeavor serves both charitable and benevolent purposes also, Berlin, 1915 Note: St. Boniface preaches Christianity to the Germans (circa A.D. 716).
Box/Folder   1/19 Number   853-854	The first performance of “Germany's Historical Development and Greatness” took place on February 13 (1915) in the exhibition hall of the Zoological Gardens. In addition to its patriotic intent, the endeavor serves both charitable and benevolent purposes also, Berlin, 1915
Box/Folder   1/19 Number   855	The first performance of “Germany's Historical Development and Greatness” took place on February 13 (1915) in the exhibition hall of the Zoological Gardens. In addition to its patriotic intent, the endeavor serves both charitable and benevolent purposes also, Berlin, 1915 Note: Prayer before battle (circa 1550).
Box/Folder   1/19 Number   856	The first performance of “Germany's Historical Development and Greatness” took place on February 13 (1915) in the exhibition hall of the Zoological Gardens. In addition to its patriotic intent, the endeavor serves both charitable and benevolent purposes also, Berlin, 1915 Note: Martin Luther's entrance into Worms (April 2, 1521).
Box/Folder   1/19 Number   857	Town crier drumming in front of crowd to announce the latest news and orders, Russian Poland (Russian Partition) and Galicia, 1915
Box/Folder   1/19 Number   858	“Hunger is the best cook.” Austrian soldiers in Czenstochau eating in front of food distribution point, Russian Poland (Russian Partition) and Galicia, 1915
Box/Folder   1/19 Number   859-860	Wounded Austrian soldiers being loaded onto train cars, Russian Poland (Russian Partition) and Galicia, 1915
Box/Folder   1/19 Number   861	View of a saloon car, in which a Catholic mass is celebrated daily, Russian Poland (Russian Partition) and Galicia, 1915
Box/Folder   1/19 Number   862	German Landsturm (reservist) band playing as they march down a street in Lodz, Russian Poland (Russian Partition) and Galicia, 1915 Note: The City of Lodz was a provincial capital in Russian Poland. It was captured by German forces in December 1914.
Box/Folder   1/19 Number   863	Even the worst weather does not stop our brave Pioniere (engineering troops). Here they are repairing a bridge in heavy snow, Russian Poland (Russian Partition) and Galicia, 1915
Box/Folder   1/19 Number   864	German manners and practices in Lodz. The Landsturm (reservist) band plays a concert daily at noon in front of the offices of the Governor, Russian Poland (Russian Partition) and Galicia, 1915
Box/Folder   1/19 Number   865	Kindheartedness. Austrian soldier sharing his rations with a hungry child, Russian Poland (Russian Partition) and Galicia, 1915
Box/Folder   1/19 Number   866-868	Construction of a bridge over the Warte River near Sieradz in Russian Poland, Russian Poland (Russian Partition) and Galicia, 1915
Box/Folder   1/19 Number   869	Repairing wagon wheels in a “cannon hospital” behind the front, Russian Poland (Russian Partition) and Galicia, 1915
Box/Folder   1/19 Number   870	Aerial view of the construction of a bridge over the Warte River near Sieradz in Russian Poland, Russian Poland (Russian Partition) and Galicia, 1915
Box/Folder   1/20 Number   870-871	At a “cannon hospital” on the Carpathian front. A view of the yard, Russian Poland (Russian Partition) and Galicia, 1915
Box/Folder   1/20 Number   873-874	At a “cannon hospital” on the Carpathian front. The firing tube is being cleaned, Russian Poland (Russian Partition) and Galicia, 1915
Box/Folder   1/20 Number   875-878	At a “cannon hospital” on the Carpathian front. Even the best constructed artillery pieces must be refurbished from time to time. That is why the introduction of cannon hospitals near the front is one of the best innovations of modern warfighting practice, Russian Poland (Russian Partition) and Galicia, 1915
Box/Folder   1/20 Number   879	German Landsturm (reservists) in Skiernewize examining a captured Russian water wagon, Russian Poland (Russian Partition) and Galicia, 1915
Box/Folder   1/20 Number   880	The hospital train of Count Karolyi being inspected by Freiherr Scheffer-Boyadel while being accompanied by Count Anton Karolyi, Russian Poland (Russian Partition) and Galicia, 1915
Box/Folder   1/20 Number   881	The hospital train of Count Karolyi. The Austrian foundation supported hospital train of County Anton Karolyi is being inspected by Freiherr Scheffer-Boyadel while in Skiernewize. He is accompanied by Dr. Meisel who is the director of the hospital, Russian Poland (Russian Partition) and Galicia, 1915
Box/Folder   1/20 Number   882	The senior surgical advisor Professor Borchardt inspecting the hospital train, Russian Poland (Russian Partition) and Galicia, 1915
Box/Folder   1/20 Number   883	The Czar's palace in Skiernewize (Skierniewice), Russian Poland (Russian Partition) and Galicia, 1915
Box/Folder   1/20 Number   884	The Czar's palace in Skiernewize (Skierniewice), now in the hands of the Germans and serving as the headquarters of eastern front commander Freiherr von Scheffer-Boyadel, who was has become famous for leading the breakthrough battle at Lodz resulting in the capture of 12,000 Russians, Russian Poland (Russian Partition) and Galicia, 1915
Box/Folder   1/20 Number   885	His Excellency Freiherr von Scheffer-Boyadel, recipient of the Order Pour le Merite with oak leaves. An army commander in the East, he is seen here with his adjutant Captain von Arnim, Russian Poland (Russian Partition) and Galicia, 1915
Box/Folder   1/20 Number   886	The theater in the pleasure gardens in Skiernewize (Skierniewice), now converted for use as a hospital, Russian Poland (Russian Partition) and Galicia, 1915
Box/Folder   1/20 Number   887	“A high honor.” Jewish child given the job of holding a cavalryman's horse, Russian Poland (Russian Partition) and Galicia, 1915
Box/Folder   1/20 Number   888	Greeting the Germans. Residents of Skiernewize (Skierniewice) decorate their houses with Garlands to welcome the arrival of German troops, Russian Poland (Russian Partition) and Galicia, 1915
Box/Folder   1/20 Number   889	Russian deserters, now prisoners, who are at work in Skiernewize (Skierniewice), taking a break for lunch, Russian Poland (Russian Partition) and Galicia, 1915
Box/Folder   1/20 Number   890	The destroyed bridge in the park at Skiernewize (Skierniewice), which has been replaced by the Germans with a first-rate emergency bridge, Russian Poland (Russian Partition) and Galicia, 1915
Box/Folder   1/21 Number   891	Skiernewize (Skierniewice). Arrival of Russian deserters, Russian Poland (Russian Partition) and Galicia, 1915
Box/Folder   1/21 Number   892	“Oh Czar, could you ever imagine this.” In the palace garden, Russian prisoners digging graves for our brave soldiers who have died heroes' deaths in Russian Poland, Russian Poland (Russian Partition) and Galicia, 1915
Box/Folder   1/21 Number   893	Russian prisoners working to restore the destroyed train station in Skiernewize, Russian Poland (Russian Partition) and Galicia, 1915
Box/Folder   1/21 Number   894	Austrian Red Cross sisters speaking with Austrian and German soldiers, Russian Poland (Russian Partition) and Galicia, 1915
Box/Folder   1/21 Number   895-896	Hungry children receiving Zwieback (crisp bread) from a warm-hearted Red Cross in Lodz, in order to partially relieve their hunger, Russian Poland (Russian Partition) and Galicia, 1915
Box/Folder   1/21 Number   897-898	Temporary bridge and plank road over the Tolpa. In order to improve the bad roads, plank bridges have been constructed and are proving very useful, Russian Poland (Russian Partition) and Galicia, 1915
Box/Folder   1/21 Number   900	Arrival of provisions in Skiernewize, Russian Poland (Russian Partition) and Galicia, 1915
Box/Folder   1/21 Number   901	Arrival of a large shipment of flour being unloaded by Russian prisoners who defected to the Germans, Russian Poland (Russian Partition) and Galicia, 1915
Box/Folder   1/21 Number   902	Arrival of new artillery pieces in Skiernewize, Russian Poland (Russian Partition) and Galicia, 1915
Box/Folder   1/21 Number   903-906	Meat in abundance. Arrival of many hundred head of sheep destined for the provisioning of our brave troops in Russian Poland, Russian Poland (Russian Partition) and Galicia, 1915
Box/Folder   1/21 Number   903	Lead rider on a horse-drawn piece of Austrian heavy artillery, Russian Poland (Russian Partition) and Galicia, 1915
Box/Folder   1/22 Number   907	Group of children standing in front of a hospital train in Lodz listening to a gramophone set up to play music while the train was in the station, Russian Poland (Russian Partition) and Galicia, 1915
Box/Folder   1/22 Number   908	Meat in abundance, Russian Poland (Russian Partition) and Galicia, 1915 Note: Sheep being unloaded from a train car.
Box/Folder   1/22 Number   909	Before the image of the Black Madonna in Czenstochau, Russian Poland (Russian Partition) and Galicia, 1915
Box/Folder   1/22 Number   910	In front of the Convent of the Black Madonna in Czenstochau. Vendors selling souvenirs, Russian Poland (Russian Partition) and Galicia, 1915
Box/Folder   1/22 Number   911, 913	Marketplace in Czenstochau (Cz?stochowa), Russian Poland (Russian Partition) and Galicia, 1915
Box/Folder   1/22 Number   912	Entrance to the Convent of the Black Madonna in Czenstochau (Cz?stochowa), Russian Poland (Russian Partition) and Galicia, 1915
Box/Folder   1/22 Number   914	Soldiers hauling ammunition with a small wagon in the Carpathians, Russian Poland (Russian Partition) and Galicia, 1915
Box/Folder   1/22 Number   915-916	Austrian soldiers thronging around a hospital train that is also carrying gifts from home, Russian Poland (Russian Partition) and Galicia, 1915
Box/Folder   1/22 Number   917	A practical application for hospital trains. Tee vats. These vats are installed on hospital trains and can be used to supply wounded soldiers with tee. Each vat has a capacity of 80 liters, Russian Poland (Russian Partition) and Galicia, 1915
Box/Folder   1/22 Number   918	Novo-Radomsk train station, Russian Poland (Russian Partition) and Galicia, 1915
Box/Folder   1/22 Number   919	Blown-up gas reservoir in Skiernewize, Russian Poland (Russian Partition) and Galicia, 1915
Box/Folder   1/22 Number   920	Austrian sailors, who have completed their service and for whom no other military need was pressing, are being sent to dig trenches, Russian Poland (Russian Partition) and Galicia, 1915
Box/Folder   1/22 Number   923	Austrian Red Cross sisters speaking with Austrian and German soldiers, Russian Poland (Russian Partition) and Galicia, 1915
Box/Folder   1/22 Number   924a-b	Water wheel in the desert, Ottoman Syria
Box/Folder   1/22 Number   924c	On guard on the Sultan Javus Selim (Sultan Selim the Grim), Bosporus Note: The German battlecruiser S.M.S. Goeben, and her escorts, were trapped in the Bosporus Straits at the beginning of the war. When Turkey entered the war on the side of the Central Powers, the German government transferred ownership of the vessel to Turkey, although she continued to be manned by her German crew. The ship was then renamed the Sultan Javus Selim. During the war she was active in operations against Russian forces in the Black Sea and the British in the Aegean Sea.
Box/Folder   1/22 Number   924	Blown-up gas reservoir in Novo Radomsk, Russian Poland (Russian Partition) and Galicia, 1915
Box/Folder   1/22 Number   925	Washing the decks on the Sultan Javus Selim, Bosporus Straits, 1914 Note: The Sultan Javus Selim is former German battlecruiser S.M.S. Goeben.
Box/Folder   1/23 Number   925a	Turkish cavalryman in front of a blossoming olive tree, Ottoman Syria and Suez Canal, late 1914
Box/Folder   1/23 Number   925b	Orange seller in Damascus, Ottoman Syria and Suez Canal, late 1914
Box/Folder   1/23 Number   926, 929	Sailors at rest on the Sultan Javus Selim, Bosporus Straits, 1914
Box/Folder   1/23 Number   927	Playing cards on the Sultan Javus Selim, Bosporus Straits, 1914
Box/Folder   1/23 Number   928	Mail call and packages arriving on the Sultan Javus Selim, Bosporus Straits, 1914
Box/Folder   1/23 Number   930	Captain of the Sultan Javus Selim, Bosporus Straits, 1914
Box/Folder   1/23 Number   931	Vice-Admiral Suchon and Commander (Korvetten Kapitan) Busse on the Sultan Javus Selim, Bosporus Straits, 1914 Note: Vice Admiral Wilhelm Souchon, commander of the German squadron in the Mediterranean, was appointed as commander-in-chief of the Ottoman Navy in 1914 and held that position until 1917.
Box/Folder   1/23 Number   932	Armed launch on the Bosporus, Bosporus Straits, 1914
Box/Folder   1/23 Number   933	Officers of the Sultan Javus Selim, Bosporus Straits, 1914
Box/Folder   1/23 Number   934	View of the Bosporus, Bosporus Straits, 1914
Box/Folder   1/23 Number   935	No caption, Bosporus Straits, 1914 Note: Freighter being unloaded on the Bosporus.
Box/Folder   1/23 Number   938	Turkish naval officers, Bosporus Straits, 1914
Box/Folder   1/23 Number   939	Turkish torpedo boats on the Bosporus, Bosporus Straits, 1914
Box/Folder   1/23 Number   940, 945	Turkish sailors, Bosporus Straits, 1914
Box/Folder   1/23 Number   941	Turkish naval band, Bosporus Straits, 1914
Box/Folder   1/23 Number   942-943	Turkish sailors, Bosporus Straits, 1914 Note: Turkish naval unit marching.
Box/Folder   1/23 Number   944	Cleaning a cannon barrel, Bosporus Straits, 1914
Box/Folder   1/23 Number   946	Turkish artillery in firing position, Ottoman Syria and Palestine, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   1/23 Number   947	Guard in front of an artillery piece, Ottoman Syria and Palestine, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   1/23 Number   950	Emplacing artillery, Ottoman Syria and Palestine, late 1914-early 1915 Note: Gun crew moving cannon into firing position.
Box/Folder   1/23 Number   951	Enemy in sight, Ottoman Syria and Palestine, late 1914-early 1915 Note: Field gun and crew ready for firing.
Box/Folder   1/24 Number   952, 966-967	Turkish artillery in Syria, Ottoman Syria and Palestine, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   1/24 Number   953	The field gun is being emplaced, Ottoman Syria and Palestine, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   1/24 Number   954	No caption, Ottoman Syria and Palestine, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   1/24 Number   955	Turkish artillery equipped with “desert tires,” Ottoman Syria and Palestine, late 1914-early 1915 Note: The wheels of the gun carriage have been covered with wide metal bands to allow easier movement through the sand.
Box/Folder   1/24 Number   956, 959-961	Machine guns in firing position, Ottoman Syria and Palestine, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   1/24 Number   957	Turkish artillery equipped with “desert tires” on the way to the Suez Canal, Ottoman Syria and Palestine, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   1/24 Number   958	Enemy planes in sight near the Suez Canal, Ottoman Syria and Palestine, late 1914-early 1915 Note: Turkish machine gun and crew using a tripod mounting for anti-aircraft fire.
Box/Folder   1/24 Number   962-963	Emplacing machine guns, Ottoman Syria and Palestine, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   1/24 Number   964-965	Turkish artillery on the road to the Suez Canal, Ottoman Syria and Palestine, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   1/24 Number   968	Field telephone and periscope binoculars in the desert, Ottoman Syria and Palestine, late 1914-early 1915 Note: Turkish artillery forward observer team.
Box/Folder   1/24 Number   969	Field artillery park in Syria, Ottoman Syria and Palestine, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   1/24 Number   970	Periscope binoculars, Ottoman Syria and Palestine, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   1/24 Number   971	Field telephone in the desert, Ottoman Syria and Palestine, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   1/25 Number   972	Morning ablutions, Ottoman Syria and Palestine, late 1914-early 1915 Note: Turkish soldier washing up in a puddle.
Box/Folder   1/25 Number   973	“Desert music,” Ottoman Syria and Palestine, late 1914-early 1915 Note: Turkish military band performing for troops.
Box/Folder   1/25 Number   974	Picturesque view of Lake Tiberius (Sea of Galilee), Ottoman Syria and Palestine, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   1/25 Number   975	Turkish soldiers chatting, Ottoman Syria and Palestine, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   1/25 Number   976	Desert barber at work, Ottoman Syria and Palestine, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   1/25 Number   977	Maintaining horse furniture and leather equipment in the desert, Ottoman Syria and Palestine, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   1/25 Number   978	Building tent frames in the desert, Ottoman Syria and Palestine, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   1/25 Number   979-980	Preparations for the march across the desert. Each soldiers is being given a sack with food and supplies, Ottoman Syria and Palestine, late 1914-early 1915 Note: Turkish forces departed on their march across the Sinai Peninsula in order to attack the Suez Canal in mid-January 1915.
Box/Folder   1/25 Number   981-982	“Everything in one bowl,” Ottoman Syria and Palestine, late 1914-early 1915 Note: Turkish soldiers eating out of a common bowl.
Box/Folder   1/25 Number   983	The midday meal is being prepared in the desert, Ottoman Syria and Palestine, late 1914-early 1915 Note: Turkish cooks at work with large cooking pots.
Box/Folder   1/25 Number   984	Preparing roast mutton, Ottoman Syria and Palestine, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   1/25 Number   985	Covering up flour supplies in the desert, Ottoman Syria and Palestine, late 1914-early 1915 Note: Stacked bags of flour being covered with a tent.
Box/Folder   1/25 Number   986	The midday meal is being prepared in the desert, Ottoman Syria and Palestine, late 1914-early 1915 Note: Turkish solders lining up with food vessels waiting to be filled.
Box/Folder   1/25 Number   987	The doctor is bandaging the hand of a soldier who was bitten by a camel, Ottoman Syria and Palestine, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   1/25 Number   988	“Rest period,” Ottoman Syria and Palestine, late 1914-early 1915 Note: Two Turkish soldiers at rest on the side of a road.
Box/Folder   1/25 Number   989	Drinking, Ottoman Syria and Palestine, late 1914-early 1915 Note: Camel and rider drinking from a water hole.
Box/Folder   1/25 Number   990	“Can't forego a cup of coffee,” Ottoman Syria and Palestine, late 1914-early 1915 Note: Two Turkish officers drinking coffee.
Box/Folder   1/26 Number   990	Turkish officer etching his name into a cactus leaf as a remembrance, Ottoman Syria and Palestine, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   1/26 Number   991	Orange vendor in the desert, Ottoman Syria and Palestine, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   1/26 Number   993	Flour supply wagons in a semi-desert region, Ottoman Syria and Palestine, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   1/26 Number   994	No caption, Ottoman Syria and Palestine, late 1914-early 1915 Note: Turkish soldier in front of a carriage.
Box/Folder   1/26 Number   995-998	Camel caravan moving through the desert, Ottoman Syria and Palestine, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   1/26 Number   999, 1001-1004	Caravan of Red Crescent soldiers travelling through the desert with supplies, Ottoman Syria and Palestine, late 1914-early 1915 Note: The Red Crescent is the Muslim version of the Red Cross.
Box/Folder   1/26 Number   1000	Through Syria, Ottoman Syria and Palestine, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   1/26 Number   1005-1006	Turkish Red Crescent unit resting in the desert, Ottoman Syria and Palestine, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   1/26 Number   1007	The camel's back is sore with chafing from a saddle and the sore is being rubbed, Ottoman Syria and Palestine, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   1/26 Number   1008	Turkish column at rest in the desert with a Red Crescent flag, Ottoman Syria and Palestine, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   1/26 Number   1009	Veterinary hospital for horses in Beersheba, Ottoman Syria and Palestine, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   1/26 Number   1010	“Operating of a foot.” The camel has to be distracted so that it does not bite anyone, Ottoman Syria and Palestine, late 1914-early 1915 Note: One man is working on a camel's left fore foot while another is trying to distract it, and a third is holding the reins.
Box/Folder   1/27 Number   1011	Camel caravan travelling through the Holy Land, Ottoman Syria and Palestine, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   1/27 Number   1012	Ornery camel at a camel hospital in the desert, Ottoman Syria and Palestine, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   1/27 Number   1013, 1021	Panorama of Ismid, Ottoman Syria and Palestine, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   1/27 Number   1014	Women sitting by the roadside wailing for their husbands who are on active service in the field, Ottoman Syria and Palestine, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   1/27 Number   1015	View of the City of Tarus, Ottoman Syria and Palestine, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   1/27 Number   1016, 1018	Silly (Silli) in Syria, Ottoman Syria and Palestine, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   1/27 Number   1017	Military prison in Osmanie (Osmaniye), Ottoman Syria and Palestine, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   1/27 Number   1019	The train station in Osmanie (Osmaniye), Ottoman Syria and Palestine, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   1/27 Number   1020	Constantinople, Ottoman Syria and Palestine, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   1/27 Number   1022	Hay depot in Oulon-Kichla, Ottoman Syria and Palestine, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   1/27 Number   1024	Rachel's Tomb, Ottoman Syria and Palestine, late 1914-early 1915 Note: Bethlehem.
Box/Folder   1/27 Number   1025	Wailing women in Hebron at the grave of a fallen soldier, Ottoman Syria and Palestine, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   1/27 Number   1026	Oulon-Kichla. The ancient Tartar city on the edge of the Taurus Mountains, Ottoman Syria and Palestine, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   1/27 Number   1027	No caption, Ottoman Syria and Palestine, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   1/27 Number   1028	A place of ancient culture between Hebron and Bethlehem, Ottoman Syria and Palestine, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   1/27 Number   1029	Adana. The Governor's offices, Ottoman Syria and Palestine, late 1914-early 1915 Note: City of Adana is in Southern Turkey.
Box/Folder   1/28 Number   1029	Hebron and its picturesque location between Jerusalem and Beersheba, Ottoman Syria and Palestine, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   1/28 Number   1030	The son of the Schafi Muftisi carrying the holy flag from the Mosque of OMarch in Jerusalem (probably mis-identified and Frankl meant the mosque at the Dome of the Rock). Announcing the Fatwa for Holy War to the troops in the desert, Ottoman Syria and Palestine, late 1914-early 1915 Note: The Schafi Muftisi may have been a Muslim scholar or cleric allied with the Ottaman cause. Turkish forces preparing to depart on their march across the Sinai Peninsula in order to attack the Suez Canal at the end of January 1915.
Box/Folder   1/28 Number   1031	Ali Fuat (Cebesoy) Bey, commander of the 25th Infantry Division, giving an address to the troops about to depart for the Suez Canal. The Hodscha (hodja) on horseback in the middle of the image is preaching to the troops on the need for strict adherence to the principles of holy war, Ottoman Syria and Palestine, late 1914-early 1915 Note: Ali Fuat Bey, was one of the senior commanders leading Turkish troops on the unsuccessful attack on the Suez Canal in January 2015. He later commanded troops at Gallipoli and throughout the war. The Hodscha (hodja) would have been a mullah associated with the Turkish military.
Box/Folder   1/28 Number   1032	Turkish cavalry patrol in the desert, Ottoman Syria and Palestine, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   1/28 Number   1033	Automobile accident in the desert, Ottoman Syria and Palestine, late 1914-early 1915 Note: Posed image of an automobile striking a camel.
Box/Folder   1/28 Number   1034-1035	Quartering troops in Aleppo, Ottoman Syria and Palestine, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   1/28 Number   1036	Transporting sheep near Jerusalem, Ottoman Syria and Palestine, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   1/28 Number   1037	Turkish infantry on the march in Aleppo, Ottoman Syria and Palestine, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   1/28 Number   1038-1039	Burial of a soldier in Jerusalem, Ottoman Syria and Palestine, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   1/28 Number   1040	The train station in the City of Homs in Syria, Ottoman Syria and Palestine, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   1/28 Number   1041	“Plague of dogs in Turkey,” Ottoman Syria and Palestine, late 1914-early 1915 Note: Feral dogs hanging around a train car.
Box/Folder   1/28 Number   1042	On the road towards Jerusalem, Ottoman Syria and Palestine, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   1/28 Number   1043	Silly (Silli) the last supply point. Making preparations for the march across the desert, Ottoman Syria and Palestine, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   1/28 Number   1044	Turkish school hut in Syria, Ottoman Syria and Palestine, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   1/28 Number   1045	Rail station guard in Silly (Silli), which is an important supply point, Ottoman Syria and Palestine, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   1/28 Number   1046	(European) nurses in Jerusalem, Ottoman Syria and Palestine, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   1/28 Number   1047	A Senussi fighter on a camel, Ottoman Syria and Palestine, late 1914-early 1915 Note: The Senussi were a Muslim political-religious order and clan, founded in the 19th Century and centered in what is modern-day Libya. Opposed to Italian and British imperialism, they supported the military efforts of the Ottoman Turks and launched a guerrilla campaign against the British in Egypt in 1916.
Box/Folder   1/28 Number   1048-1049	Loading camels with provisions and entrenching tools, Ottoman Syria and Palestine, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   1/28 Number   1050	A female camel with its calf, Ottoman Syria and Palestine, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   1/28 Number   1051	A draisine, or speeder, on the Baghdad rail line, Ottoman Syria and Palestine, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   2/1 Number   1	From the days of mobilization in Germany. Distributing special editions of newspapers in Berlin, Berlin, 1914
Box/Folder   2/1 Number   2	On the first day of mobilization in front of the Crown Prince's Palace in Berlin, Berlin, 1914
Box/Folder   2/1 Number   3	Reservists marching by the Brandenburg Gate, Berlin, 1914
Box/Folder   2/1 Number   5-Apr	On the first day of mobilization. Departing troops being cheered by crowds in front of the German Colonial Museum, Berlin, 1914
Box/Folder   2/1 Number   7-Jun	The scene of front of the Royal Palace on the first day of mobilization, Berlin, 1914
Box/Folder   2/1 Number   9-Aug	Twelve noon on the first day of mobilization. Crowd in front of the Russian embassy, Berlin, 1914
Box/Folder   2/1 Number   12-Nov	Mobilization. Heading for the training ground, Berlin, 1914
Box/Folder   2/1 Number   13-14	In front of the (military) district headquarters in Berlin-Schoeneberg on the first day of mobilization, Berlin, 1914 Note: Reservists waiting to enter to begin mobilization process.
Box/Folder   2/1 Number   15-16	In front of the (military) district headquarters, Berlin, 1914
Box/Folder   2/1 Number   17-18	Red Cross sisters in front of the Reichstag building, Berlin, 1914
Box/Folder   2/1 Number   19	Female Red Cross volunteers in front of the Reichstag building, Berlin, 1914
Box/Folder   2/1 Number   20	Female Red Cross volunteers cheering reservists passing by the Reichstag, Berlin, 1914
Box/Folder   2/2 Number   21-22	Mustering horses for service at the Tempelhof field, Berlin, 1914
Box/Folder   2/2 Number   23	Austrian reservists waiting at the Silesian train station, Berlin, 1914 Note: Austrian reservists waiting for trains to return to Austria-Hungary in order to be mobilized for the war.
Box/Folder   2/2 Number   24	Military supply administration purchasing civilians wagons at the Tempelhof field. The accepted wagons are being stamped for identification, Berlin, 1914
Box/Folder   2/2 Number   25a-b	Red Cross leaving Berlin, Berlin, 1914
Box/Folder   2/2 Number   27-28	Red Cross troops leaving Berlin passing by the Wilhelmstrasse and the Siegesallee, Berlin, 1914
Box/Folder   2/2 Number   29-30	Supply wagons, passing by the Siegesallee, heading for the war zone, Berlin, 1914
Box/Folder   2/2 Number   31	At a daycare facility for the children of soldiers, Berlin, 1914
Box/Folder   2/2 Number   32-33	Daycare for the children of soldiers. Children are cared for and given food daily, without charge, by volunteer aids, Berlin, 1914
Box/Folder   2/2 Number   36	Collecting donations for the Red Cross, Berlin, 1914
Box/Folder   2/2 Number   37	The Duchess of Braunschweig (Brunswick) in front of the Crown Prince's Palace, Berlin, 1914
Box/Folder   2/2 Number   38-39	Quartered in French Buchholz. Playing skat and horse grooming, Berlin, 1914 Note: French Buchholz (or simply Buchholz) is a neighborhood in the Pankow section of Berlin.
Box/Folder   2/2 Number   40	Quartered in French Buchholz. Morning wash-up, Berlin, 1914
Box/Folder   2/2 Number   41	Quartered in French Buchholz. Playing skat, Berlin, 1914
Box/Folder   2/3 Number   42	View of the garden of the Red Cross soup kitchen, Berlin, 1914
Box/Folder   2/3 Number   43-44	Red Cross soup kitchen in Berlin on the Moritzplatz, Berlin, 1914
Box/Folder   2/3 Number   45-46	Red Cross soup kitchen with a crowd at the entrance. For 10 pfennigs one can obtain a hearty lunch, Berlin, 1914
Box/Folder   2/3 Number   47-48	Feeding the needy in Friedenau-Wilmersdorf at the Kaiserplatz, Berlin, 1914
Box/Folder   2/3 Number   49-50	Landsturm (reservist) soldiers in Brandenberg on the Havel. Landsturm are identifiable by the cross on their shakos, Berlin, 1914 Note: Landsturm were the most senior, and elderly, groups of reservists in the German Army, comprising men in their 40s and 50s. They would have only been activated for duty in the most extreme emergencies.
Box/Folder   2/3 Number   51	The first wounded soldiers in Berlin. Playing skat, Berlin, 1914
Box/Folder   2/3 Number   52	The first wounded soldiers in Berlin. Soldier in forefront of image has to write with his left hand since he was wounded in his right one, Berlin, 1914
Box/Folder   2/3 Number   53-54	The first wounded soldiers in Berlin. At a coffee break, Berlin, 1914
Box/Folder   2/3 Number   55	The first wounded soldiers in Berlin. Soldiers with a hospital sheep, Berlin, 1914
Box/Folder   2/3 Number   56	The first wounded soldiers in Berlin. Reading and talking about the war, Berlin, 1914
Box/Folder   2/3 Number   57-58	The first wounded soldiers in Berlin. We have Liege. Berlin, 1914 Note: Wounded soldiers animatedly talking about the fall of fortress Liege in Belgium.
Box/Folder   2/3 Number   59-60	The first wounded soldiers in Berlin. Playing games and relaxing at the garrison hospital, Berlin, 1914
Box/Folder   2/4 Number   61-62	East Prussian refugees in front of the Dom (cathedral) in Berlin, Berlin, 1914 Note: The Russian invasion of East Prussia in August 1914 prompted a major flow of refugees out of the province, and many were temporarily settled in Berlin.
Box/Folder   2/4 Number   63-64	East Prussian refugees in Berlin. On the way to the Dom (cathedral), Berlin, 1914
Box/Folder   2/4 Number   65-66	East Prussian refugees in Berlin. Arrival station for refugees in Weissensee, Berlin, 1914
Box/Folder   2/4 Number   67	Delivering sides of meat in Berlin, Berlin, 1914
Box/Folder   2/4 Number   68	Robust shoes for our troops in the field, Berlin, 1914
Box/Folder   2/4 Number   69	Fish monger unloading fish in Berlin, Berlin, 1914
Box/Folder   2/4 Number   70	Deliveries of vegetables in Berlin, Berlin, 1914
Box/Folder   2/4 Number   71	Delivering flour to Berlin on barges, Berlin, 1914
Box/Folder   2/4 Number   72	A common sight in wartime. Delivery of loaves of bread on large freight wagons, Berlin, 1914
Box/Folder   2/4 Number   75	View of the sewing room, Berlin, 1914 Note: Group of women sewing to support needs of soldiers.
Box/Folder   2/5 Number   168	Bridge guard in Schirmeck, Alsace, 1914
Box/Folder   2/5 Number   169	The watch in the Vosges. Soldier (on bicycle) on patrol with a white handkerchief as a recognition sign, Alsace, 1914
Box/Folder   2/5 Number   172-173	Our Bavarians in the Vosges. Soldiers at rest, Alsace, 1914 Note: Troops from the Kingdom of Bavaria formed a distinct part of the German army.
Box/Folder   2/5 Number   176	Our Bavarians in the Vosges. The supply wagons on parade, Alsace, 1914
Box/Folder   2/5 Number   177	No caption, Alsace, 1914
Box/Folder   2/5 Number   178	Red Cross vehicle on the way to the front. It delivers packages and gifts for the troops and comes back with the wounded, Alsace, 1914
Box/Folder   2/5 Number   179	Presents and gifts for the Bavarian troops in the Vosges, Alsace, 1914
Box/Folder   2/5 Number   180	Our Bavarians in the Vosges. Horse furniture and leather equipment must be replaced, Alsace, 1914
Box/Folder   2/5 Number   181	The town crier of Schirmeck delivering the new regulations, Alsace, 1914
Box/Folder   2/5 Number   182	Our Bavarians in the Vosges. Arrival of the mail, Alsace, 1914
Box/Folder   2/5 Number   183	Our Bavarians in the Vosges. Two soldiers arriving in village with equipment and packages, Alsace, 1914
Box/Folder   2/5 Number   184	Our Bavarians in the Vosges. The farrier at work, Alsace, 1914
Box/Folder   2/5 Number   185	Our Bavarians in the Vosges. Final preparations for a trip to the front, Alsace, 1914
Box/Folder   2/5 Number   186	Our Bavarians in the Vosges. The subtler, Alsace, 1914
Box/Folder   2/5 Number   187	Our Bavarians in the Vosges. Soldier with a hay wagon, Alsace, 1914
Box/Folder   2/5 Number   188	Our Bavarians in the Vosges. “Good news,” Alsace, 1914
Box/Folder   2/5 Number   189	Our Bavarians in the Vosges. The doctor is asking for directions, Alsace, 1914
Box/Folder   2/5 Number   190-191	Our Bavarians in the Vosges. The regimental cobbler, Alsace, 1914
Box/Folder   2/6 Number   192	Our Bavarians in the Vosges. Rest period, Alsace, 1914
Box/Folder   2/6 Number   193	Our Bavarians in the Vosges. Grilling sausages over open fire, Alsace, 1914
Box/Folder   2/6 Number   194, 196-197	Our Bavarians in the Vosges. Supply column on the road, Alsace, 1914
Box/Folder   2/6 Number   195	Our Bavarians in the Vosges. Collecting grass for a horse, Alsace, 1914
Box/Folder   2/6 Number   198-199	Our Bavarians in the Vosges. The welcome subtler wagon, Alsace, 1914
Box/Folder   2/6 Number   200-201	Our Bavarians in the Vosges. In front of the city hall in Schirmeck, Alsace, 1914
Box/Folder   2/6 Number   202-203	Requisitioned French oxen, Alsace, 1914
Box/Folder   2/6 Number   204-205	Requisitioned animals. The oxen are first used as draft animals and when meat supplies run low are slaughtered for food. The horses are protected and cared for, Alsace, 1914
Box/Folder   2/6 Number   206	German instruction in Alsace. A soldier is conducting the class since the teacher has been inducted into service, Alsace, 1914
Box/Folder   2/6 Number   207	Town of Saales in the Vosges, Alsace, 1914
Box/Folder   2/6 Number   208-209	Town of Saales in Alsace, Alsace, 1914
Box/Folder   2/6 Number   210-211	Town of Saales. Bombarded by the French on September 28 (1914), Alsace, 1914
Box/Folder   2/7 Number   212	Saales in Alsace. Bombarded by the French on September 28. View of the train station, Alsace, 1914
Box/Folder   2/7 Number   213	Saales in Alsace. Bombarded by the French on September 28, Alsace, 1914
Box/Folder   2/7 Number   215	Neidenburg, East Prussia, 1914 Note: Scenes of destroyed and burned out buildings.
Box/Folder   2/7 Number   216	Neidenburg, East Prussia, 1914 Note: German soldiers in front of looted and destroyed store.
Box/Folder   2/7 Number   218-219, 223, 226-233	Ortelsburg in East Prussia, East Prussia, 1914 Note: Scenes of destroyed and burned out buildings.
Box/Folder   2/7 Number   220, 235	No caption, East Prussia, 1914 Note: East Prussia. Scene of burned buildings.
Box/Folder   2/7 Number   222	Ortelsburg in East Prussia. The Russian destroyed the fire fighting apparatus so that the residents could not put out the flames, East Prussia, 1914
Box/Folder   2/7 Number   224	Ortelsburg in East Prussia. Destroyed city bank building, East Prussia, 1914
Box/Folder   2/7 Number   225	East Prussian Landsturm (reservists) marching, East Prussia, 1914
Box/Folder   2/8 Number   236	Ortelsburg in East Prussia. Landrat ( local official) distributing gutscheine (food coupons) to the poor, East Prussia, 1914
Box/Folder   2/8 Number   237	Ortelsburg. Seminary building, East Prussia, 1914 Note: Aftermath of the Battle of Tannenberg.
Box/Folder   2/8 Number   238, 240	Ortelsburg, East Prussia, 1914
Box/Folder   2/8 Number   239	Russian Red Cross wagon captured by the Germans, East Prussia, 1914
Box/Folder   2/8 Number   241	Hohenstein in East Prussia. Bicycle patrol, East Prussia, 1914
Box/Folder   2/8 Number   242	Ortelsburg. Damaged church, East Prussia, 1914
Box/Folder   2/8 Number   245, 248	Ortelsburg in East Prussia, East Prussia, 1914
Box/Folder   2/8 Number   246, 247	Ortelsburg. Searching for belongings, East Prussia, 1914 Note: Civilians searching in building ruins for their possessions.
Box/Folder   2/8 Number   249	Original painting by the artist Ehrlich, which had hung in the Landratsamt in Ortelsburg and which was destroyed by the Russians, East Prussia, 1914
Box/Folder   2/8 Number   250	Neidenburg, East Prussia, 1914 Note: Scenes of destroyed and burned buildings.
Box/Folder   2/8 Number   251-252, 254	East Prussian refugees whose homes had been burned by Russian troops and who are living in railroad cars, East Prussia, 1914
Box/Folder   2/8 Number   253	Soldiers cleaning weapons after a fight, East Prussia, 1914
Box/Folder   2/9 Number   255	Debris of battle near Allenstein, East Prussia, 1914 Note: Aftermath of the Battle of Tannenberg.
Box/Folder   2/9 Number   256	Trophies of victory in Allenstein, East Prussia, 1914
Box/Folder   2/9 Number   257	Debris of battle abandoned by retreating Russian. Market place in Allenstein, East Prussia, 1914
Box/Folder   2/9 Number   258	Cattle, scattered by the fighting, are being herded together next to a burned out barn building, East Prussia, 1914 Note: Hohenstein.
Box/Folder   2/9 Number   259-260	Railroad guards on the eastern border, East Prussia, 1914
Box/Folder   2/9 Number   261-262	Captured Russian field kitchen, East Prussia, 1914
Box/Folder   2/9 Number   265	East Prussia. A quick connection, East Prussia, 1914 Note: Soldiers in discussion.
Box/Folder   2/9 Number   266	“Necessity is the mother of invention,” East Prussia, 1914 Note: Soldiers around a makeshift stove.
Box/Folder   2/9 Number   267-268	Captured Russian limbers and ammunition carts, East Prussia, 1914 Note: Aftermath of the Battle of Tannenberg.
Box/Folder   2/10 Number   449-450	Russian Cossacks on guard duty in Czernowitz (Chernivtsi), Bukowina, late 1914-early 1915 Note: Czernowitz, capital city of the Austrian province of Bukowina, was on the front line of fighting between Austrians and Russians. It was occupied by Russian forces on several occasions. These images, taken during one of these occupations, were later acquired by Frankl.
Box/Folder   2/10 Number   453	The mayor of Czernowitz surrendering the city to the Russians, Bukowina, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   2/10 Number   454	Original photograph of the first Russians to enter Czernowitz (Chernivtsi), Bukowina, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   2/10 Number   455	Russian soldiers posing for a group photograph at a photo studio in Czernowitz (Chernivtsi), Bukowina, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   2/10 Number   456	A Russian captain, killed near Czernowitz, who is being given an Orthodox funeral service in Czernowitz (Chernivtsi), Bukowina, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   2/10 Number   459	Hungarian hussars in Budapest, Hungary
Box/Folder   2/10 Number   460	Notgeld in Czernowitz (Chernivtsi), Bukowina, late 1914-early 1915 Note: Notgeld was government issued scrip as a substitute for money during emergencies.
Box/Folder   2/10 Number   461	(Austrian) rapid fire anti-aircraft gun and mounting on the Russian front, Bukowina, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   2/10 Number   462	Jewish man from Bukowina praying for victory, Bukowina, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   2/10 Number   463	Native of Bukowina, Bukowina, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   2/10 Number   464	In Bukowina. Woman at the farmer's market in Czernowitz selling a goose, Bukowina, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   2/10 Number   465	Austrian field kitchens and bakeries preparing to march out, Bukowina, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   2/10 Number   466	Farmers from Bukowina and Austrian soldiers. A cheerful group, Bukowina, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   2/10 Number   467	Guard in front of the headquarters in Sanda Gora, Bukowina, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   2/10 Number   468	Returning from the front. Budapest, Hungary Note: Soldier having his shoes polished.
Box/Folder   2/10 Number   469	Hungarian hussar, and his wife, heading for the train station, Hungary
Box/Folder   2/10 Number   470	Soldier as gooseherd, Bukowina, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   2/11 Number   471	“A good catch,” Bukowina, late 1914-early 1915 Note: Austrian soldier with a duck and a chicken.
Box/Folder   2/11 Number   472	Guard post in Sanda Gora, Bukowina, late 1914-early 1915 Note: Sanda Gora (Sadagora or Sadhora) is now a suburb of Chernivitsi.
Box/Folder   2/11 Number   473-474	Children in Bukowina, Bukowina, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   2/11 Number   475	In Bukowina, Bukowina, late 1914-early 1915 Note: Austrian soldiers and civilian youth.
Box/Folder   2/11 Number   476	In Bukowina, Bukowina, late 1914-early 1915 Note: Austrian soldiers and civilians gathered around a fire.
Box/Folder   2/11 Number   477	Mornings in Sanda Gora on a day with -4 degree Fahrenheit temperature, Bukowina, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   2/11 Number   478	Transporting wounded in Czernowitz (Chernivtsi), Bukowina, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   2/11 Number   479	Guard post on the Pruth (River) in -4 degree Fahrenheit temperature, Bukowina, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   2/11 Number   480	In Bukowina. Mounted patrol asking for directions, Bukowina, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   2/11 Number   481	In Bukowina. On patrol, Bukowina, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   2/11 Number   482	On patrol in the snow covered forests of Bukowina, Bukowina, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   2/11 Number   483	Morning ride, Bukowina, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   2/11 Number   484	Snowy trenches, Bukowina, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   2/11 Number   485	Emergency bridge over the Pruth (River) near Sanda Gora, Bukowina, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   2/11 Number   486-487	On patrol in the Carpathian mountains in Bukowina, Bukowina, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   2/11 Number   488-489	Snowy trenches in Bukowina, Bukowina, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   2/12 Number   490	Warming hut, Bukowina, late 1914-early 1915 Note: Austrian soldiers gather around fire in a makeshift hut.
Box/Folder   2/12 Number   491	Snow covered trench, Bukowina, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   2/12 Number   492	Delivering a message on the Pruth (River) in Bukowina, Bukowina, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   2/12 Number   493	Weather-proof stabling for horses, Bukowina, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   2/12 Number   494	Trench line, Bukowina, late 1914-early 1915 Note: Austrian soldiers in a snowy trench.
Box/Folder   2/12 Number   495	An abandoned dugout, Bukowina, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   2/12 Number   496-497, 504-505	Keeping a close watch on the enemy, Bukowina, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   2/12 Number   498-499	On patrol in the Carpathians, Bukowina, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   2/12 Number   500	“Unwilling sport,” Bukowina, late 1914-early 1915 Note: Austrian soldiers sliding down snow.
Box/Folder   2/12 Number   501	Bad roads in Bukowina, Bukowina, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   2/12 Number   502-503	Keeping a close watch on the enemy with the temperature at -4 degrees Fahrenheit, Bukowina, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   2/12 Number   506	Civilian residents observing Russian troops on the heights across the river (Pruth), Bukowina, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   2/12 Number   507	Defending the Pruth River bridge, Bukowina, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   2/12 Number   508	Morning formation at the Pruth River bridge, Bukowina, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   2/12 Number   509	Distributing ammunition to guards at the Pruth River bridge, Bukowina, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   2/13 Number   510-511	Defense of the Pruth (River) bridge near Sanda Gora in Bukowina, Bukowina, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   2/13 Number   512, 514	Polish Landsturm (reservists) in a firing position, Bukowina, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   2/13 Number   515	Artillery position among the vineyards near Sanda Gora, Bukowina, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   2/13 Number   518-519, 521, 523-524, 526	Serbian refugees, Serbia, 1915 Fall
Box/Folder   2/13 Number   520	Unusual refugees. A flock of geese, Serbia, 1915 Fall
Box/Folder   2/13 Number   522	Serbian refugees passing through Sabac, Serbia, 1915 Fall
Box/Folder   2/13 Number   525	A Serbian refugee child, Serbia, 1915 Fall
Box/Folder   2/13 Number   526	Fleeing from friend and foe. Serbian populace, chased out of their homes by their own troops in order to not become annoyances, fleeing restlessly from town to town. Here passing through Sabac, Serbia, 1915 Fall
Box/Folder   2/13 Number   528	Ownerless swine (in front of destroyed buildings), Serbia, 1915 Fall
Box/Folder   2/13 Number   529	Supply column on the march, Serbia, 1915 Fall
Box/Folder   2/13 Number   530	Hungarian hussars crossing the pontoon bridge over the Save (River), Serbia, 1915 Fall
Box/Folder   2/13 Number   574	Artillery position among the vineyards near Sanda Gora, Bukowina, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   2/14 Number   531, 543, 545-546	Through Serbia in stormy weather, Serbia, 1915 Fall
Box/Folder   2/14 Number   532, 544	Supply column on the march, Serbia, 1915 Fall
Box/Folder   2/14 Number   535	Bridge guard, Serbia, 1915 Fall
Box/Folder   2/14 Number   536	Supply column passing through Sabac, Serbia, 1915 Fall
Box/Folder   2/14 Number   539	An abandoned Serbian house being used as a horse stable, Serbia, 1915 Fall
Box/Folder   2/14 Number   540	Austrian field kitchen passing through Sabac, Serbia, 1915 Fall
Box/Folder   2/14 Number   541	Hungarian Ulans (actually Hussars) on the way towards Valjevo, Serbia, 1915 Fall
Box/Folder   2/14 Number   542	Ownerless cattle being herded together by Austrian soldiers and moved towards the front, Serbia, 1915 Fall
Box/Folder   2/14 Number   547	Austrian soldiers riding through Sabac with Serbian prisoners in the background, Serbia, 1915 Fall
Box/Folder   2/14 Number   548	A patrol riding through Sabac, Serbia, 1915 Fall
Box/Folder   2/15 Number   76	At work at the Patriotic Women's Association in Berlin. 1. Miss von Hagen, 2. Miss M.L. Schmidt, 3. Mrs. Consul Staudt, 4. Mrs. Excellency Sydow, 5. Miss Consul Blell, 6. Miss Studt, Berlin, 1914
Box/Folder   2/15 Number   77	View of the cutting room, Berlin, 1914 Note: Group of women sewing to support needs of soldiers.
Box/Folder   2/15 Number   78	East Prussian refugees in the Zoological Gardens, Berlin, 1914
Box/Folder   2/15 Number   79	Russian internees in the zoo, Berlin, 1914
Box/Folder   2/15 Number   80	War losses. Lists of the dead posted on a wall on Dorothen Strasse, Berlin, 1914
Box/Folder   2/15 Number   81	Hospital ship for the wounded, which was visited by the Empress, Berlin, 1914
Box/Folder   2/15 Number   82	The Empress and Princess Eitel Friedrich riding in a carriage on the way to visit the hospital ship, Berlin, 1914
Box/Folder   2/15 Number   83	Patriotic Berlin. “Hindenburg's victory, 80,000 Russian prisoners,” Berlin, 1914 Note: Apartment buildings bedecked with German flags on balconies.
Box/Folder   2/15 Number   84-85	Our victors. German soldiers, dressed in Belgian uniforms, displaying captured weapons, Berlin, 1914
Box/Folder   2/15 Number   86	Russian machine guns in front of the Berlin military headquarters, Berlin, 1914
Box/Folder   2/15 Number   87	Russian machine guns pulled by captured Cossack horses, Berlin, 1914
Box/Folder   2/15 Number   88	Captured French artillery in front of the Crown Prince's Palace, Berlin, 1914
Box/Folder   2/15 Number   89, 91-92	Captured Belgian artillery, Berlin, 1914 Note: Parade through the Brandenberg Gate.
Box/Folder   2/15 Number   90	Captured Russian artillery, Berlin, 1914
Box/Folder   2/15 Number   93-94	Russian regimental colors, captured by the Osterode Landsturm (reservists), Berlin, 1914 Note: Parade near the Reichstag building.
Box/Folder   2/16 Number   95	Entrance into Berlin of the first battle trophies on Sedantage. The column is being led by Colonel Jakobi, Berlin, 1914 Note: Sedantage on September 2nd celebrated the German victory over the French army at the Battle of Sedan in 1870.
Box/Folder   2/16 Number   96	Russian artillery at the Siegesaule (victory column), Berlin, 1914
Box/Folder   2/16 Number   97	Daily scenes of the crowd gathered in front of the garrison door waiting to receive a free noon day meal from soldier's kitchen, Berlin, 1914
Box/Folder   2/16 Number   98	In front of the workshops in Spandau. Thousands of people are employed here, making and preparing all sorts of things for the military, Berlin, 1914
Box/Folder   2/16 Number   102	Fort Fliron near Liege, Belgium, 1914 Note: Fort Fliron was one of the fortifications surrounding the Belgian City of Liege. It was captured by the Germans in August 1914.
Box/Folder   2/16 Number   103	What the French (Franktireurs) are using to shoot at our soldiers Note: Probably not a Frankl image. Various types of bullets, often referred to as dum dum bullets, which were designed to inflict grievous damage on human flesh. German propaganda made much of the (supposed) use of these by French and Belgian soldiers.
Box/Folder   2/16 Number   104	The 83rd Infantry Regiment in Namur, Belgium, 1914
Box/Folder   2/16 Number   105	The effects of a 420 mm mortar shell at Fort Loucin, Belgium, 1914 Note: Fort Loucin was one of the fortifications surrounding the Belgian City of Liege. It was captured by the Germans in August 1914.
Box/Folder   2/16 Number   106	Notgeld (emergency money/scrip) from the City of Hohensalza, Poland Note: Hohensalza, in the German Province of Posen, became part of Poland in 1918 and was renamed Inowroclaw.
Box/Folder   2/16 Number   107	Destroyed bridge in Andenne, Belgium Note: City on the Meuse River.
Box/Folder   2/16 Number   108	Songfest at the Koenigsplatz, Berlin, 1914
Box/Folder   2/16 Number   109	Collection point for canes for wounded soldiers in Berlin, Berlin, 1914
Box/Folder   2/16 Number   110	The first visiting day at the garrison hospital. Awaiting visitors, Berlin, 1914
Box/Folder   2/16 Number   111-112	The first visiting day at the garrison hospital. 'The young son,' Berlin, 1914 Note: Mother and children visiting their wounded father.
Box/Folder   2/16 Number   113-114	Remarkable path of a piece of shrapnel, Berlin, 1914 Note: Images of a German uniform overcoat with shrapnel holes.
Box/Folder   2/16 Number   115-116	Remarkable path of a rifle bullet, Berlin, 1914 Note: Images of a German uniform overcoat with bullet holes.
Box/Folder   2/17 Number   117-118	Rotax portable X-ray apparatus, Berlin, 1914
Box/Folder   2/17 Number   119	National Women's Service. The bedding section, Berlin, 1914
Box/Folder   2/17 Number   120	National Women's Service. The indigent and East Prussian refugees received free shoes, clothing, and underwear, Berlin, 1914
Box/Folder   2/17 Number   122-123	View of the interior of the medical (bandage preparation) depot, Berlin, 1914
Box/Folder   2/17 Number   124	The medical depot in Berlin. Preparation of field dressings, Berlin, 1914
Box/Folder   2/17 Number   125	The medical depot in Berlin. Preparation of foot cream, Berlin, 1914
Box/Folder   2/17 Number   126	Ladies of higher standing working in the medical depot preparing dressings, Berlin, 1914
Box/Folder   2/17 Number   127	Care for the wounded. Preparation of ampules in the main medical depot in Berlin, Berlin, 1914
Box/Folder   2/17 Number   128	Officers training a Deutschwehr unit in Schmargendorf, Berlin, 1914 Note: The Deutschwehr were volunteers for the war effort.
Box/Folder   2/17 Number   129	“Hurrah, we're heading to the front,” Berlin, 1914 Note: German soldiers and artillery caissons loaded on a flat car.
Box/Folder   2/17 Number   130	East Prussian refugees, who are in Berlin to be inducted in the military, receive free meals daily courtesy of a well-known restaurant (Weinstuben Haus Trarbach), Berlin, 1914
Box/Folder   2/17 Number   131	Dog collecting donations for the Red Cross, Berlin, 1914
Box/Folder   2/17 Number   132	The famous Swedish author and naturalist Sven Hedin in Berlin, Berlin, 1914
Box/Folder   2/17 Number   133	Collection box for cigars (for soldiers), Berlin, 1914
Box/Folder   2/17 Number   134	Noon day meals for needy artists, Berlin, 1914
Box/Folder   2/17 Number   135	In the reading room, Berlin, 1914
Box/Folder   2/18 Number   136	Instead of free meals, needy children receive a basket weekly with enough food to last for a week, Berlin, 1914
Box/Folder   2/18 Number   137	Training of a medical unit in Berlin-Friedenau, Berlin, 1914
Box/Folder   2/18 Number   138	At home workers working daily to prepare uniforms for the military, Berlin, 1914
Box/Folder   2/18 Number   139	The War Credits Bank of greater Berlin located in the Wilhelmstrasse, Berlin, 1914
Box/Folder   2/18 Number   140	Flag seller on Unter den Linden, Berlin, 1914
Box/Folder   2/18 Number   141	Work at home. The flag artist at work preparing flags, Berlin, 1914
Box/Folder   2/18 Number   142	Temporary wooden barracks for the wounded next to the (Father) Jahn memorial in Berlin, Berlin, 1914
Box/Folder   2/18 Number   143	Patriotism on the roof veranda. Employees of a large store in Berlin using their free time to knit socks for our brave fighters, Berlin, 1914
Box/Folder   2/18 Number   144	Railway track guard. On guard now with a rifle
Box/Folder   2/18 Number   145	“The wife must stand in for her husband,” a station master
Box/Folder   2/18 Number   148	The good-bye kiss
Box/Folder   2/18 Number   149	Collection point for gold, silver, copper, and other metals, Berlin, 1914
Box/Folder   2/18 Number   150	Views of the City Hall in Louvain (Leuven or Loewen) before and after the bombardment, Belgium Note: Louvain was attacked, and heavily damaged, by German forces in August 1914.
Box/Folder   2/18 Number   151	The largest stained glass window in Europe located in the cathedral of Dinant. Even though the church building suffered enormous damage from shelling and fire, the window remained undamaged, Belgium Note: Dinant was attacked, and heavily damaged, by German forces in August 1914.
Box/Folder   2/18 Number   152	Marketplace in Mecheln. Depot area for German soldiers, Belgium Note: City near Antwerp.
Box/Folder   2/18 Number   153	“Put out your flags-Antwerp is ours,” Berlin, 1914 Note: Horse-drawn trams bedecked with German flags.
Box/Folder   2/18 Number   154	Wounded officer training recruits who are still in civilian clothing, Berlin, 1914
Box/Folder   2/18 Number   155	“At a meal,” Berlin, 1914 Note: Recruits, still in civilian clothing, taking a meal break.
Box/Folder   2/18 Number   156-157	Deutschwehr unit in training, Berlin, 1914
Box/Folder   2/19 Number   158	Deutschwehr unit in training, Berlin, 1914
Box/Folder   2/19 Number   159	First aid dogs and their trainers on parade, Berlin, 1914
Box/Folder   2/19 Number   160	Collection point at the National Library in Berlin for books for the wounded. Books are being packed in crates to make them available to hospitals, Berlin, 1914
Box/Folder   2/19 Number   161	No caption, Berlin, 1914 Note: Dog being trained to assist in rendering first aid.
Box/Folder   2/19 Number   162	Wounded soldiers in front of the Royal Palace in Berlin viewing captured Russian cannon, Berlin, 1914
Box/Folder   2/19 Number   163	Destruction by French troops of a store in Deutsch-Avricourt on the border between France and the German Province of Lorraine, Lorraine, 1914
Box/Folder   2/19 Number   164-165	Pit that formerly held a firing position for a 420 mm mortar. The pit was later filled with water so that spies would not be able to photograph and locate the position Note: The 420 millimeter (16 inch) diameter mortar was the largest caliber artillery piece fielded by the German Army in World War One. It was moved in sections and assembled, on site, in a specially prepared firing position.
Box/Folder   2/19 Number   166	Guard post in front of the city hall in Schirmeck, Alsace, 1914
Box/Folder   2/19 Number   167	On guard in Donon in Lower Alsace, Alsace, 1914
Box/Folder   2/20 Number   388-389	Taking precautions against cholera and dysentery on Galicia. Distilled water for soldiers. The guard is ensuring that the water is not contaminated, Galicia, 1915
Box/Folder   2/20 Number   390-391	Taking precautions against cholera and dysentery on Galicia. Isolation barracks for cholera patients, Galicia, 1915
Box/Folder   2/20 Number   392	Taking precautions against cholera and dysentery on Galicia. Barracks buildings are being surrounded with trenches filled with lime, Galicia, 1915
Box/Folder   2/20 Number   393	Taking precautions against cholera and dysentery on Galicia. Litters that may only be used for dysentery patients, Galicia, 1915
Box/Folder   2/20 Number   396	Firing Line, Galicia, 1915 Note: The Polish Legion was a volunteer force of ethnic Poles raised by the Austro-Hungarian army in 1914. It had various incarnations during the war, and its members formed the nucleus of the post-war army of independent Poland.
Box/Folder   2/20 Number   397	Polish Legion in the Carpathians. Troops cleaning mess dishes after eating, Galicia, 1915
Box/Folder   2/20 Number   398	Polish Legion in the Carpathians. Bivouac, Galicia, 1915
Box/Folder   2/20 Number   399	Polish Legion in the Carpathians. Distributing food, Galicia, 1915
Box/Folder   2/20 Number   400a-b	Polish Legion in the Carpathians. Preparing to eat, Galicia, 1915
Box/Folder   2/20 Number   404-405	Rest period, Galicia, 1915
Box/Folder   2/20 Number   406, 413	Officers of the Polish Legion, Galicia, 1915
Box/Folder   2/20 Number   407	Polish Legion trumpeter, Galicia, 1915
Box/Folder   2/20 Number   412	Sharpshooters of the Polish Legion, Galicia, 1915
Box/Folder   2/20 Number   416a-b	Galician flour sellers from Tarnow, Galicia, 1915 Note: Tarnow, a city in Austrian Galicia and now in Poland, was captured by Russian forces in 1914 and retaken by Austrian and German troops in May 1915.
Box/Folder   2/21 Number   370	Searchlight positioned on a fort in Antwerp in order to light a section of railroad track, Belgium, 1914
Box/Folder   2/21 Number   371	Baron Conrad von Hötzendorf at the Austro-Hungarian headquarters, Teschen (Cieszyn), Austrian military headquarters Note: Field Marshal Baron Franz Conrad von Hötzendorf (1852-1925) was the Chief of Staff of the Austro-Hungarian army from 1910 to 1917.
Box/Folder   2/21 Number   372, 377-378	American military attaches at the Austro-Hungarian headquarters, Teschen (Cieszyn), Austrian military headquarters Note: Identified on the photograph as Captain McIntire and Major Ford. Military attaches from neutral countries, such as the United States, would have received permission to visit battle zones on escorted trips.
Box/Folder   2/21 Number   373-374	The heir apparent to the throne, the Archduke Karl Franz Joseph at the headquarters, Teschen (Cieszyn), Austrian military headquarters Note: Archduke Karl succeeded Emperor Franz Joseph, after his death in 1916, to become Emperor Charles I.
Box/Folder   2/21 Number   375	Marquis Pallavicini, Teschen (Cieszyn), Austrian military headquarters Note: Pallavicini was an Austrian diplomat and ambassador to Turkey.
Box/Folder   2/21 Number   376	Unidentified officers, Teschen (Cieszyn), Austrian military headquarters
Box/Folder   2/21 Number   379	War Minister His Excellency Krobatin, Teschen (Cieszyn), Austrian military headquarters Note: Count Alexander von Krobatin served as the Imperial Austro-Hungarian War Minister from 1912 to 1917.
Box/Folder   2/21 Number   380	Archduke Leopold Salvator and Baron Wolff, Teschen (Cieszyn), Austrian military headquarters
Box/Folder   2/21 Number   381	Austrian general staff officers, Teschen (Cieszyn), Austrian military headquarters
Box/Folder   2/21 Number   382, 385-386	German and Austrian general staff officers, Teschen (Cieszyn), Austrian military headquarters
Box/Folder   2/21 Number   383	Field Marshal Baron Franz Conrad von Hötzendorf, Teschen (Cieszyn), Austrian military headquarters Note: Field Marshal Baron Franz Conrad von Hötzendorf was the Chief of Staff of the Austro-Hungarian army from 1910 to 1917.
Box/Folder   2/21 Number   384	Count Boos Waldeg (Waldeck) and Count Kinigg, Teschen (Cieszyn), Austrian military headquarters Note: Count Reinhold Boos-Waldeck.
Box/Folder   2/21 Number   387	Archduke Frederick with his daughter, Teschen (Cieszyn), Austrian military headquarters Note: The Archduke Frederick (1856-1936), was the Supreme Commander of the military forces of the Austro-Hungarian Empire during World War One.
Box/Folder   2/22 Number   418-419	Galician refugees passing through Tarnow, Galicia, 1915
Box/Folder   2/22 Number   420-421	Galician refugees, Galicia, 1915
Box/Folder   2/22 Number   422	Austro-Hungarian chaplain, Galicia, 1915
Box/Folder   2/22 Number   423	Hungarian Red Cross in Tarnow, Galicia, 1915
Box/Folder   2/22 Number   424, 430	No caption, Galicia, 1915 Note: Austrian supply wagon.
Box/Folder   2/22 Number   425	No caption, Galicia, 1915 Note: Austrian soldiers washing a supply truck.
Box/Folder   2/22 Number   426	Collecting a straggling supply column wagon in Galicia, Galicia, 1915
Box/Folder   2/22 Number   427	“Oh cook, you're going to over salt the soup again,” Galicia, 1915
Box/Folder   2/22 Number   428-429	Washing clothes in Galicia, Galicia, 1915
Box/Folder   2/22 Number   431	No caption, Galicia, 1915 Note: Austrian soldiers filling a water wagon from a well.
Box/Folder   2/22 Number   432	The modern kitchen maid. Deliverying via automobile, Galicia, 1915
Box/Folder   2/22 Number   433	No caption, Galicia, 1915 Note: Austrian soldiers washing up.
Box/Folder   2/22 Number   434-435	Getting ready for winter. Sawing firewood, Galicia, 1915
Box/Folder   2/22 Number   436	Washing clothes, Galicia, 1915
Box/Folder   2/22 Number   437	Replacement automobile tires and inner tubes, Galicia
Box/Folder   2/23 Number   438	Steam roller intended to be used to even out bad roads in Russia and Galicia, Vienna
Box/Folder   2/23 Number   439, 442	Wounded soldiers in the Vienna Rotunde on a sunny day, Vienna
Box/Folder   2/23 Number   440	Hungarian recruit with an injured hand playing the violin in a Hungarian manner, Vienna
Box/Folder   2/23 Number   441	Wounded soldiers in the Vienna Rotunde waiting for leave certificates, Vienna
Box/Folder   2/23 Number   443	Wounded soldiers in the Vienna Secession, Vienna
Box/Folder   2/23 Number   444	Wounded soldiers next to the Vienna Secession building. On nice days the wounded sit around the Marc Antony statue, Vienna
Box/Folder   2/23 Number   445	Young girls using their free time to knit socks for soldiers at the front, Vienna
Box/Folder   2/23 Number   446	“The golden Viennese heart.” A Viennese errand boy pulling a wounded soldier in a cart to his destination, Vienna
Box/Folder   2/23 Number   447	No caption, Vienna Note: Woman pinning corsage on the lapel of a wounded soldier.
Box/Folder   2/24 Number   271	Train car load of hay in East Prussia, East Prussia, 1914
Box/Folder   2/24 Number   272	Replacement reservists on their way to the front in order to dig trenches, East Prussia, 1914
Box/Folder   2/24 Number   273	Our naval infantry in Antwerp. On the way to Ostende, Belgium, 1914 Note: German forces occupied Antwerp on October 10th, 1914 after a two week siege.
Box/Folder   2/24 Number   274	Our naval infantry in Antwerp on their way out of the city, Belgium, 1914
Box/Folder   2/24 Number   275-276	Our naval infantry in Antwerp. Requisitioned wagons and horses, Belgium, 1914
Box/Folder   2/24 Number   277	Our naval infantry in Antwerp. The mail wagon, Belgium, 1914
Box/Folder   2/24 Number   278	Our naval infantry in Antwerp. Guard post on the street, Belgium, 1914
Box/Folder   2/24 Number   281	Our naval infantry departing Antwerp in order to occupy Ostende. Soldiers on a supply wagon, Belgium, 1914
Box/Folder   2/24 Number   282	Officer's carriage, Belgium, 1914
Box/Folder   2/24 Number   285-286	Our naval infantry in Antwerp. The watch on the Schelde River, Belgium, 1914
Box/Folder   2/24 Number   287-288	Weekly market in Antwerp. Our naval soldiers buying fruit, Belgium, 1914
Box/Folder   2/24 Number   289-290	Our naval infantry at the zoological gardens of Antwerp, Belgium, 1914
Box/Folder   2/24 Number   291-292	Our naval infantry at the Antwerp Zoo, Belgium, 1914
Box/Folder   2/24 Number   293-297	Our naval infantry in Antwerp, Belgium, 1914
Box/Folder   2/25 Number   298	Naval infantry on parade in Antwerp, Belgium, 1914
Box/Folder   2/25 Number   299-300	German soldiers marching down a street with damaged buildings in Antwerp, Belgium, 1914
Box/Folder   2/25 Number   301	German hussars passing through Antwerp, Belgium, 1914
Box/Folder   2/25 Number   302	A cinema building wall covered with posters, Belgium, 1914
Box/Folder   2/25 Number   303-304	Belgian refugees returning home under military inspection, Belgium, 1914 Note: Many residents of Antwerp fled to Holland at the beginning of the German siege in 1914. By October of that year, German military authorities were negotiating withg Dutch officials to encourage the return of these refugees.
Box/Folder   2/25 Number   305	Refugees from Antwerp returning home from Holland, Belgium, 1914
Box/Folder   2/25 Number   306	Refugees, Belgium, 1914
Box/Folder   2/25 Number   307	Nuns returning home to Antwerp, Belgium, 1914
Box/Folder   2/25 Number   307	Refugees returning home. View of the neutral train entering Merxen (Merskem) bringing refugees from Holland, Belgium, 1914 Note: Merxen (now Merksem) is part of the City of Antwerp and is a short distance from the border with the Netherlands.
Box/Folder   2/25 Number   308	Merxen train station. Refugees passing through a line of soldiers, Belgium, 1914
Box/Folder   2/25 Number   310	Refugees returning home in good spirits, Belgium, 1914
Box/Folder   2/25 Number   311	Return of the refugees, Belgium, 1914
Box/Folder   2/25 Number   312	Before any refugees are allowed to enter Antwerp, they must prove their legitimate status, Belgium, 1914
Box/Folder   2/25 Number   313	Belgian nuns returning home from Holland, Belgium, 1914
Box/Folder   2/25 Number   314	The first neutral train pulling into Merxen (Merskem), Belgium, 1914
Box/Folder   2/26 Number   315	Belgian refugees in Merxen, Belgium, 1914
Box/Folder   2/26 Number   316	Dutch officials and German soldiers in front of the locomotive pulling the neutral train, Belgium, 1914
Box/Folder   2/26 Number   317-318	Refugees receiving their railway tickets in Bergen op Zoom for the trip to Merxen, Belgium, 1914 Note: Bergen op Zoom, the first large city on the Dutch side of the border was the main entry point for refugees fleeing from Belgium.
Box/Folder   2/26 Number   319-320	Refugees from Antwerp awaiting the train that will take them home, Belgium, 1914
Box/Folder   2/26 Number   321, 323-324	Refugees on the way home, Belgium, 1914
Box/Folder   2/26 Number   322	Passport control for refugees, Belgium, 1914
Box/Folder   2/26 Number   326	Refugees in Holland. Mothers combing their children's hair in the morning, Belgium, 1914
Box/Folder   2/26 Number   327	Refugees brewing coffee in the morning, Belgium, 1914
Box/Folder   2/26 Number   328	Belgian nuns fleeing, Belgium, 1914
Box/Folder   2/26 Number   329	Refugee camp in Holland near Bergen op Zoom, Belgium, 1914
Box/Folder   2/26 Number   330	Refugees in Holland. Washing day, Belgium, 1914
Box/Folder   2/26 Number   331	Belgian refugees in Holland. Cooking midday meals in the marketplace of Bergen op Zoom, Belgium, 1914
Box/Folder   2/26 Number   332	Refugees in the marketplace of Bergen op Zoom, Belgium, 1914
Box/Folder   2/26 Number   333	Suffering of refugees, Belgium, 1914
Box/Folder   2/26 Number   334	Dutch soldiers distributing bread to refugees in the marketplace of Bergen op Zoom in Holland, Belgium, 1914
Box/Folder   2/26 Number   335	Refugees, Belgium, 1914
Box/Folder   2/27 Number   336-337	Refugees, Belgium, 1914
Box/Folder   2/27 Number   338, 344, 347, 352	Refugee suffering, Belgium, 1914
Box/Folder   2/27 Number   339	Distribution of assignments for sleeping quarters to Belgian refugees in Bergen op Zoom, Holland, Belgium, 1914
Box/Folder   2/27 Number   340	Refugees feel themselves welcome in Holland, Belgium, 1914
Box/Folder   2/27 Number   341	Belgian children, Belgium, 1914
Box/Folder   2/27 Number   342	Belgian refugee, Belgium, 1914
Box/Folder   2/27 Number   343	A wagon serving as an emergency shelter for a refugee family, Belgium, 1914
Box/Folder   2/27 Number   345	In front of the City hall in Bergen op Zoom. A refugee who had collapsed from exhaustion is being carried away by Dutch soldiers, Belgium, 1914
Box/Folder   2/27 Number   346, 349	Destroyed bridge near Merxen, Belgium, 1914
Box/Folder   2/27 Number   348	Refugee shack made of loose boards, Belgium, 1914
Box/Folder   2/27 Number   350	Refugees using every available dark wall space to write messages and addresses in order to inform relative of their location, Belgium, 1914
Box/Folder   2/27 Number   351	No caption, Belgium, 1914
Box/Folder   2/27 Number   353	Our zeppelins. Bombardment that destroyed an entire section of Antwerp, Belgium, 1914 Note: A German airship (zeppelin) dropped bombs on Antwerp late in August 1914, which was one of the first uses of these craft for aerial bombardment.
Box/Folder   2/27 Number   354	Results of a direct hit from a 180 mm shell, Belgium, 1914
Box/Folder   2/27 Number   355	Refugees receiving a midday meal at a Dutch church, Belgium, 1914
Box/Folder   2/28 Number   356	Results of shelling, Belgium, 1914
Box/Folder   2/28 Number   357	Dutch motorcyclist with a new invention. The rear-view mirror (on his handlebars) allows a clear view of what's behind him, Belgium, 1914
Box/Folder   2/28 Number   358	Wounded soldiers writing quick notes home before the departure of the train, Belgium, 1914
Box/Folder   2/28 Number   359	Antwerp police personnel in front of a guard house, Belgium, 1914
Box/Folder   2/28 Number   362	Reconstructing destroyed buildings in Merxen, Belgium, 1914
Box/Folder   2/28 Number   363	House in Antwerp with an external ladder. During the siege residents used this ladder to climb onto the roof to scan for German zeppelins, Belgium, 1914
Box/Folder   2/28 Number   364-365	Antwerp Cathedral flying the German flag, Belgium, 1914
Box/Folder   2/28 Number   366-367	Sealed off entrance to the main train station in Antwerp, Belgium, 1914
Box/Folder   3/1 Number   1072	Landsturm (reservists) transporting food supplies through the snowed in Taurus Mountains, Anatolia
Box/Folder   3/1 Number   1073	Supply transport through Constantinople, Anatolia
Box/Folder   3/1 Number   1074-1075	Military transport through the snowed in Taurus Mountains, Anatolia
Box/Folder   3/1 Number   1076	Duties of the Turkish Landsturm (reservists). Train and depot guards, Anatolia
Box/Folder   3/1 Number   1077	Turkish Landsturmann (reservist) on guard, Anatolia
Box/Folder   3/1 Number   1078, 1080	Turkish Ulans on the march, Anatolia
Box/Folder   3/1 Number   1079	Turkish cavalry on the march, Anatolia
Box/Folder   3/1 Number   1081	Difficult passage over a mountain stream, Anatolia
Box/Folder   3/1 Number   1082	An infantry column marching through the Wild Taurus (Mountains), Anatolia
Box/Folder   3/1 Number   1083-1084	Military transport through the Wild Taurus (Mountains), Anatolia
Box/Folder   3/1 Number   1085	Through the Wild Taurus (Mountains) in bad weather, Anatolia
Box/Folder   3/1 Number   1086	Military transport wagon on a two-wheeled cart in the Taurus Mountains followed by a mule carrying water containers, Anatolia
Box/Folder   3/1 Number   1087	Black water buffaloes, with colossal strength, which are being used by the Turkish army, Anatolia
Box/Folder   3/1 Number   1088	Transporting entrenching tools through the Taurus Mountains, Anatolia
Box/Folder   3/1 Number   1089-1090	Troops resting in front of an inn in the Taurus Mountains, Anatolia
Box/Folder   3/2 Number   1091	At rest in the mountains. Troops eating out of a common bowl, Anatolia
Box/Folder   3/2 Number   1092	Farrier shoeing a horse in the Taurus Mountains, Anatolia
Box/Folder   3/2 Number   1093-1094	Through the Wild Taurus (Mountains), Anatolia
Box/Folder   3/2 Number   1095-1096	Breaking camp in the mountains, Anatolia
Box/Folder   3/2 Number   1097	Bivouac in the Taurus, Anatolia
Box/Folder   3/2 Number   1098	Breaking camp in the mountains. Packing up rucksacks, Anatolia
Box/Folder   3/2 Number   1099	A camel caravan passing by a roadside inn, Anatolia
Box/Folder   3/2 Number   1100	A column at rest in the Taurus, Anatolia
Box/Folder   3/2 Number   1101-1102	Camel caravan through the Wild Taurus (Mountains), Anatolia
Box/Folder   3/2 Number   1103	Military transport through the Wild Taurus (Mountains), Anatolia
Box/Folder   3/2 Number   1104	Military transport through the Wild Taurus (Mountains) with an inn at the right of the image, Anatolia
Box/Folder   3/2 Number   1105-1106	Through the romantic Taurus (Mountains), Anatolia
Box/Folder   3/2 Number   1107	Rest stop for a camel caravan in the Taurus Mountains, Anatolia
Box/Folder   3/2 Number   1108	Through the Wild Taurus (Mountains). The mule acts as a guide for the camels caravans, since he is familiar with the path, Anatolia
Box/Folder   3/2 Number   1109	Scribe (for the illiterate) on the streets of Damascus, Ottoman Syria and Palestine, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   3/2 Number   1110	Habits and customs of the Turks, Ottoman Syria and Palestine, late 1914-early 1915 Note: Men washing their feet at outdoor fountain.
Box/Folder   3/3 Number   1111	Turkish Landsturmann (reservist), holding a note in his hands, writing a letter home, Ottoman Syria and Palestine, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   3/3 Number   1112	Scribes in the streets of Damascus. Writing a letter to the parents, Ottoman Syria and Palestine, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   3/3 Number   1113	Mule carrying a heavy load of straw, Ottoman Syria and Palestine, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   3/3 Number   1114	Turkish volunteer saying good-bye, Ottoman Syria and Palestine, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   3/3 Number   1115	Load carrier in Constantinople, Anatolia
Box/Folder   3/3 Number   1116	Transporting wood in the streets of Constantinople, Anatolia
Box/Folder   3/3 Number   1117	Passing the time of day in the streets of Constantinople, Anatolia
Box/Folder   3/3 Number   1118-1119	Turkish Landsturm (reservists) leading supply horses, Anatolia
Box/Folder   3/3 Number   1120	Turkish soldiers purchasing food in Constantinople, Anatolia
Box/Folder   3/3 Number   1121	Column of Turkish telegraph troops leaving Constantinople, Anatolia
Box/Folder   3/3 Number   1122-1125	Turkish infantry on the march, Ottoman Syria and Palestine, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   3/3 Number   1126-1127	Turkish infantry and German discipline - well-equipped with modern weapons, Ottoman Syria and Palestine, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   3/3 Number   1128	Dr. Jungels riding his camel, Hedschin, in the desert, Ottoman Syria and Palestine, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   3/4 Number   1131	Messenger camel with two German riders, Ottoman Syria and Palestine, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   3/4 Number   1132	German officer, riding a camel, on patrol in the desert, Ottoman Syria and Palestine, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   3/4 Number   1133	German officers being greeted by the wife of the German Consul in Damascus, Ottoman Syria and Palestine, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   3/4 Number   1134	The Sheik of the Senussi, Ali Bamiyeh accompanied by his servants, Ottoman Syria and Palestine, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   3/4 Number   1135-1136	The arrival in Damascus of Fahkriddine Pascha, commander of the 12th Army Corps, as the new Governor-General of Damascus, Ottoman Syria and Palestine, late 1914-early 1915 Note: Fahkriddine (or Fahkri) Pascha was an Ottoman general famous for his defense of the Medina against the British and their Arab allies.
Box/Folder   3/4 Number   1137	1. Colonel Trommer, Commander of the 8th Division; 2. Lieutenant Colonel Bedsheet Bey, Border Commander in Beersheba; 3. General Staff Captain Radschidi; and, 4. Senior Lieutenant Jusuf Iced. Photographed in Beersheba, Ottoman Syria and Palestine, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   3/4 Number   1138	Colonel von Frankenberg, Chief of Staff of the 4th Army, in a rail car being given well wishes by Colonel Trommer. Scene at the Damascus train station, Ottoman Syria and Palestine, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   3/4 Number   1139	Djemal Pascha on horseback with a Muslim cleric, known as the Hodscha, giving a blessing to troops departing for the Suez Canal, Ottoman Syria and Palestine, 1915 January
Box/Folder   3/4 Number   1140	Djemal Pascha and Colonel von Frankenberg in the desert, Ottoman Syria and Palestine, 1915 January
Box/Folder   3/4 Number   1141	The Holy War. Djemal Pascha in the desert reviewing troops departing for the Suez Canal. Behind him, on horseback, is Colonel von Frankenberg, Chief of Staff of the 4th Army, Ottoman Syria and Palestine, 1915 January
Box/Folder   3/4 Number   1142	Colonel von Frankenberg in the desert, Ottoman Syria and Palestine, 1915 January
Box/Folder   3/4 Number   1143, 1148	Djemal Pascha departing Jerusalem, Ottoman Syria and Palestine, 1915 January
Box/Folder   3/4 Number   1144	Djemal Pascha and his staff in Beersheba. Colonel Trommer, commander of the 8th Division. Colonel von Frankenberg, Chief of Staff of the 4th Army, and General Staff Captain Radschidi, Ottoman Syria and Palestine, 1915 January
Box/Folder   3/4 Number   1145	Fahkriddine Pascha, the new Governor of Damascus, inspecting troops, Ottoman Syria and Palestine, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   3/4 Number   1146	Djemal Pascha inspecting troops in Damascus, Ottoman Syria and Palestine, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   3/4 Number   1147	Departure of Djemal Pascha from the Damascus train station, Ottoman Syria and Palestine, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   3/4 Number   1149	A historic moment. Djemal Pascha leaving the Mosque of OMarch (actually, Dome of the Rock) in Jerusalem on his way to the desert, Ottoman Syria and Palestine, late 1914-early 1915 Note: Frankl mis-identifies the scene as Mosque of Omar, when, in fact, it was the Dome of the Rock that Djemal Pascha is leaving. The event occurred either at the end of December 1914 or early January 1915.
Box/Folder   3/4 Number   1150	An Arab leader addressing Djemal Pascha, Ottoman Syria and Palestine, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   3/5 Number   1151-1154	The departure of Djemal Pascha from Damascus, Ottoman Syria and Palestine, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   3/5 Number   1155	The most recent photograph of the Sultan in Constantinople, Constantinople (Istanbul)
Box/Folder   3/5 Number   1156	At prayer. The ceremonies for Djemal Pascha, commander of troops on the Suze Canal, on his departure from Damascus. To his rear (wearing the ribbon of the Iron Cross) is Colonel von Frankenberg his Chief of Staff. Next to him (holding gloves in his hand) is Fahkriddine Pascha his successor as Governor, Ottoman Syria and Palestine, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   3/5 Number   1157	Djemal Pascha, the senior commander of Turkish forces on the Suez Canal. In the desert with Colonel Frankenberg, Ottoman Syria and Palestine, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   3/5 Number   1158	Mr. Frankl as a war photographer with the Turkish Army, Ottoman Syria and Palestine, late 1914-early 1915 Note: Eduard Frankl astride a camel.
Box/Folder   3/6 Number   1112	Sappers emplacing obstacles on a pier, South Tyrol, Italy, 1915-1916
Box/Folder   3/6 Number   1113	No caption Note: Austrian heavy mortar at moment of firing.
Box/Folder   3/6 Number   1114	Mortar camouflaged against aerial observation. The camouflage has been prepared so carefully that one could walk by the piece at a short distance without noticing it, South Tyrol, Italy, 1915-1916
Box/Folder   3/6 Number   1115	Austrian officers in a bunker on the Lavarone plateau, South Tyrol, Italy, 1915-1916 Note: The plateau of Lavarone was located along the pre-war boundary between Austria-Hungary and Italy.
Box/Folder   3/6 Number   1116	Beef cattle passing through an opening in barbed wire on the Lavarone plateau, South Tyrol, Italy, 1915-1916
Box/Folder   3/6 Number   1117	His Excellency General Dankl in front of a church, South Tyrol, Italy, 1915-1916 Note: General Viktor Dankl von Krasnik was the commander of Austrian forces fighting against Italy in 1915-1916.
Box/Folder   3/6 Number   1119	Bells and church related artifacts removed from towns threatended by the greedy Italians, South Tyrol, Italy, 1915-1916
Box/Folder   3/6 Number   1120	Tiroler Landesschuetzen (territorial troops from the Province of Tyrol) resting in a forest on the southern battlefront, South Tyrol, Italy, 1915-1916
Box/Folder   3/6 Number   1121	Nursing sisters from Vienna serving with the surgical group of the Sovereign Order of the Maltese Cross. In front of a field hospital on the southern battlefront, South Tyrol, Italy, 1915-1916
Box/Folder   3/6 Number   1124	Bosnian soldier in front of a barbed wire obstacle, known as a Spanish Rider, on the southern battlefront, South Tyrol, Italy, 1915-1916
Box/Folder   3/6 Number   1125	Provided aid in South Tyrol. Soldiers helping with a move of furniture, South Tyrol, Italy, 1915-1916
Box/Folder   3/6 Number   1130-1131	A descendant of Andreas Hofer fighting against the Welschen in the south. Captain Simon Hofer of the Tirol Standesshuetzen Battalion, whose civilian occupation was innkeeper in the Pastier Valley, South Tyrol, Italy, 1915-1916 Note: Andreas Hofer was a 19th century Austrian who fought against Napoleonic forces from France and Bavaria who had occupied the Tyrol. He was captured and executed in 1810 by Italian troops loyal to Napoleon. Welschen is used as a derogatory term for Italians, or other romance speaking peoples.
Box/Folder   3/6 Number   1132	Trient (Trento), South Tyrol, Italy, 1915-1916
Box/Folder   3/6 Number   1133	Street scene in Trient (Trento), South Tyrol, Italy, 1915-1916
Box/Folder   3/6 Number   1134	View of the medieval castle of Trient (Trento), currently housing the Trient Council, South Tyrol, Italy, 1915-1916
Box/Folder   3/6 Number   1135	Street in Trient in front of the home of the leaders of the Lega National, which had pursued Italian irredentist goals. The leadership had fled, South Tyrol, Italy, 1915-1916
Box/Folder   3/7 Number   1136	At a fountain in Trient (Trento), South Tyrol, Italy, 1915-1916
Box/Folder   3/7 Number   1137	On the southwestern battlefront. Both good and bad luck at the same time. While driving passed an artillery shell damaged section of a mountain road, a heavily loaded supply truck slid off into a ditch. However, the driver was unhurt. Soldiers are using a crane to lift the truck, South Tyrol, Italy, 1915-1916
Box/Folder   3/7 Number   1138	Street scenes in Bozen (Bolzano), South Tyrol, Italy, 1915-1916 Note: Bozen (Bolzano) was the capital of South Tyrol.
Box/Folder   3/7 Number   1139	Riva in September 1915. This photograph suffices to convince the unbelieving that even in this part of the battlefront Italian successes are not present, South Tyrol, Italy, 1915-1916
Box/Folder   3/7 Number   1140	Major General Ignatz Verdross, leaning on an unexploded Italian shell, and surrounded by his officers on the southern battlefront, South Tyrol, Italy, 1915-1916
Box/Folder   3/7 Number   1141	Cable car system for bringing up supplies and munitions on the battlefront in Tirol, South Tyrol, Italy, 1915-1916
Box/Folder   3/7 Number   1143	View of Trient (Trento) in September 1915, South Tyrol, Italy, 1915-1916
Box/Folder   3/7 Number   1144	Bells of Trient (Trento), South Tyrol, Italy, 1915-1916
Box/Folder   3/7 Number   1145	Outpost patrol, South Tyrol, Italy, 1915-1916
Box/Folder   3/7 Number   1147	Guarding the embankment of Caldonazzo on the Tirolian battlefront, South Tyrol, Italy, 1915-1916 Note: Town on Lake Caldonazzo.
Box/Folder   3/7 Number   1148	Officers of a Tirolian border fortress. 1. Major General Verdross; 2. Captain Schneider; 3. Captain David; 4. Captain Cimpoca; 5. ?; 6. Senior Lt. Yoger; 7. Senior Lt. Wiedner, South Tyrol, Italy, 1915-1916
Box/Folder   3/7 Number   1149	Square and fountain in Trient (Trento), South Tyrol, Italy, 1915-1916
Box/Folder   3/7 Number   1150	Trient (Trento). Transporting food supplies, South Tyrol, Italy, 1915-1916
Box/Folder   3/7 Number   1151	Hotel Lavarone in Lavarone. Formerly a mountain spa and now the center of violent fighting, South Tyrol, Italy, 1915-1916
Box/Folder   3/7 Number   1152	Trient (Trento) Via Lunga, South Tyrol, Italy, 1915-1916 Note: Street in the City of Trient (Trento).
Box/Folder   3/7 Number   1153-1155	Field Marshall Lieutenant Ludwig Koennen-Horak von Hoehenkampf and staff, South Tyrol, Italy, 1915-1916
Box/Folder   3/7 Number   1156	The highest battlefield in Europe - 3400 meters, South Tyrol, Italy, 1915-1916 Note: This battlefield is in the area of Mount Ortler (Ortles), a 3905 meter high peak near the Swiss border. The scene of continuous fighting between 1915 and 1918, it was credited as being the highest battlefield in human history.
Box/Folder   3/7 Number   1157	Elevation 3400 meters. In battle against both people and nature. Ski patrol ambushes and shoots at an enemy patrol, South Tyrol, Italy, 1915-1916
Box/Folder   3/7 Number   unnumbered	At the occupation of Sabac The Customs House which was severely damaged by shelling, South Tyrol, Italy, 1915-1916
Box/Folder   3/8 Number   1085	Keeping a close watch on the Gardasee (Lake Garda). Barbed obstacles on the pole next to the soldier make it impossible to climb over the embankment, South Tyrol, Italy, 1915-1916
Box/Folder   3/8 Number   1086	Keeping a close watch on the Gardasee (Lake Garda), South Tyrol, Italy, 1915-1916
Box/Folder   3/8 Number   1087	A reconnaissance ride on the Gardasee (Lake Garda), South Tyrol, Italy, 1915-1916
Box/Folder   3/8 Number   1088	Bombardment of the harbor of Novo Rossijsk (Novorossisk) by the light cruiser Breslau, now the Midilli. The white smoke in the center of the image is from an explosion on a steamship, Black Sea Note: Not an original Frankl image, since he did not accompany this naval sortie. The Ottoman light cruiser Midilli was the former German vessel S.M.S. Breslau, which was taken into Ottoman service at the start of the war. During the war it operated mainly against Russian ships and facilities in the Black Sea, and late in 1914 it attacked the Russian port of Novorossisk sinking several vessels.
Box/Folder   3/8 Number   1089	A narrow passage on the Tirolian battlefront, South Tyrol, Italy, 1915-1916
Box/Folder   3/8 Number   1090	Blocking a road with Spanish Rider obstacles on the southwestern battlefront, South Tyrol, Italy, 1915-1916
Box/Folder   3/8 Number   1091	Troops resting on the southwestern battlefront, South Tyrol, Italy, 1915-1916
Box/Folder   3/8 Number   1092	Tiroler Landesschuetzen (territorial troops from the Province of Tyrol) passing through a barricade in the mountains in preparation for a nighttime patrol, South Tyrol, Italy, 1915-1916
Box/Folder   3/8 Number   1093	1916 summer guests on the Gardasee (Lake Garda), South Tyrol, Italy, 1915-1916
Box/Folder   3/8 Number   1094-1095	Barbed wire entanglements next to the blue water of Molvenosee (Lake Molveno) near the Brentagruppe, South Tyrol, Italy, 1915-1916
Box/Folder   3/8 Number   1096	On guard in the beautiful south, South Tyrol, Italy, 1915-1916
Box/Folder   3/8 Number   1097	Palm trees on the southern battlefront, South Tyrol, Italy, 1915-1916
Box/Folder   3/8 Number   1098	In a battle zone under the palms, South Tyrol, Italy, 1915-1916
Box/Folder   3/8 Number   1099	Commander of a Pionier (engineering) unit observing the terrain, South Tyrol, Italy, 1915-1916
Box/Folder   3/8 Number   1100	Our summer guests in the iron year in Riva, South Tyrol, Italy, 1915-1916 Note: City on Lake Garda.
Box/Folder   3/8 Number   1101	Summer guests 1915 on the Gardasee (Lake Garda), South Tyrol, Italy, 1915-1916
Box/Folder   3/8 Number   1102	Mountain artillery resupply column, South Tyrol, Italy, 1915-1916
Box/Folder   3/8 Number   1103	Observing enemy activity from the plateau of Lavarone, South Tyrol, Italy, 1915-1916
Box/Folder   3/8 Number   1104	On the battlefield of the Lavarone plateau. Supply for a continuous belt of wire obstacles, South Tyrol, Italy, 1915-1916
Box/Folder   3/8 Number   1105	Cavern built into the mountain on the Lavarone plateau, South Tyrol, Italy, 1915-1916
Box/Folder   3/8 Number   1106	On the Dardanelles, Bosporus
Box/Folder   3/8 Number   1107	Excellency Dankl, South Tyrol, Italy, 1915-1916 Note: General Viktor Dankl von Krasnik (1854-1941) was a senior Austrian military commander.
Box/Folder   3/8 Number   1108	Excellency Dankl leaving the church with his staff, South Tyrol, Italy, 1915-1916
Box/Folder   3/8 Number   1109	Working a cliffside passageway, South Tyrol, Italy, 1915-1916
Box/Folder   3/8 Number   1110	Even the calm surface of the (Duerersee) Lake Duerer must be watched steadily to ensure the there are no surprises from this area, South Tyrol, Italy, 1915-1916
Box/Folder   3/8 Number   1111	Concrete machine gun nest on the Molvenosee (Lake Molveno), South Tyrol, Italy, 1915-1916
Box/Folder   3/8 Number   1113	No caption, South Tyrol, Italy, 1915-1916 Note: Scene of Austrian artillery at moment of firing.
Box/Folder   3/9 Number   1126-1127	Fortress homing pigeons being released, South Tyrol, Italy, 1915-1916
Box/Folder   3/9 Number   1190	Radiotelegraphy on a glacier - 3600 meters in elevation - in South Tyrol, South Tyrol, Italy, 1915-1916
Box/Folder   3/9 Number   1191	In front of the hut, South Tyrol, Italy, 1915-1916
Box/Folder   3/9 Number   1192	Transporting an injured soldier in the high mountains of Tirol, South Tyrol, Italy, 1915-1916
Box/Folder   3/9 Number   1193-1194	Sunday mass for Tiroler Standschützen at the front, South Tyrol, Italy, 1915-1916 Note: The Tiroler Standschützen were originally rifle guild and shooting clubs. At the beginning of the war with Italy, they were mobilized and formed the core of the Austrian defense in the high mountains of South Tyrol.
Box/Folder   3/9 Number   1195	Tiroler Standschützen officers and chaplain at an outdoor picnic, South Tyrol, Italy, 1915-1916
Box/Folder   3/9 Number   1196	Tiroler Standschützen with his flock of goats, South Tyrol, Italy, 1915-1916
Box/Folder   3/9 Number   1197-1198	South Tirol's difficult mountain terrain, South Tyrol, Italy, 1915-1916
Box/Folder   3/9 Number   1199	Finanzwaechter in the mountains, South Tyrol, Italy, 1915-1916
Box/Folder   3/9 Number   1200	Tiroler Standschützen in battle, South Tyrol, Italy, 1915-1916
Box/Folder   3/9 Number   1202	Tiroler Standschützen receiving orders and preparing to march out, South Tyrol, Italy, 1915-1916
Box/Folder   3/9 Number   1203	Tiroler Standschützen firing at an approaching patrol, South Tyrol, Italy, 1915-1916
Box/Folder   3/9 Number   1204-1205	No caption, South Tyrol, Italy, 1915-1916 Note: Tiroler Standschützen in the mountains.
Box/Folder   3/9 Number   1206	The spirit of Andreas Hofer. Tiroler Standschützen firing from atop a cliff against the hated Welschen, South Tyrol, Italy, 1915-1916 Note: Andreas Hofer was a 19th century Austrian who fought against Napoleonic forces from France and Bavaria who had occupied the Tyrol. He was captured and executed in 1810 by Italian troops loyal to Napoleon. Welschen is used as a derogatory term for Italians, or other romance speaking peoples.
Box/Folder   3/9 Number   1207	Tiroler Standschützen at rest, South Tyrol, Italy, 1915-1916
Box/Folder   3/10 Number   1168	Fortified position on a glacier at high altitude, on the Tirolian-Italian front, South Tyrol, Italy, 1915-1916
Box/Folder   3/10 Number   1169	Lookouts standing guard in a 3500 meter high fort on the glacier on the Italian-Tirolian front, South Tyrol, Italy, 1915-1916
Box/Folder   3/10 Number   1170	Lookouts at a post at an elevation of 3500 meters observing Italian ground, South Tyrol, Italy, 1915-1916
Box/Folder   3/10 Number   1171	The highest artillery position in Europe on Ortler, South Tyrol, Italy, 1915-1916
Box/Folder   3/10 Number   1172	The highest machine gun position in Europe on the Ortler glacier, South Tyrol, Italy, 1915-1916
Box/Folder   3/10 Number   1173	Provisioning supplies and munitions to soldiers fighting against the enemy and nature at over 3000 meters in elevation can only be accomplished through human effort. The photograph shows a soldier hauling a cooked food canister on his back up a slope, South Tyrol, Italy, 1915-1916
Box/Folder   3/10 Number   1174	Provisioning soldiers fighting against the enemy and nature at over 3000 meters in elevation can only be accomplished through human effort. The photograph shows soldiers carrying firewood over the glacier, South Tyrol, Italy, 1915-1916
Box/Folder   3/10 Number   1175	Artillery men in the land of eternal ice, South Tyrol, Italy, 1915-1916
Box/Folder   3/10 Number   1176	The commander of a fort on the Tirolian front at an elevation of 3500 meters surrounded by his officers. 1. Major Hyza; 2. Lieutenant Joseph Aldon; 3. Lieutenant Zenker; 4. Senior Lieutenant Count Wilczek; 5. Dr. Federspiel; 6. Ski instructor and war volunteer Melezki, South Tyrol, Italy, 1915-1916
Box/Folder   3/10 Number   1177	Guard in front of a fortified position on the glacier at an elevation of over 3500 meters, South Tyrol, Italy, 1915-1916
Box/Folder   3/10 Number   1178	The highest battlefield in Europe - 3500 meters on the Tirolian border. A ski patrol is dress like polar explorers to protect themselves against the bitter cold, South Tyrol, Italy, 1915-1916
Box/Folder   3/10 Number   1179	Brave Tiroler Standschützen returning after the destruction of the Cabana Cedeh (Cedeh Huette), located on the Italian side of the border, awaiting further orders, South Tyrol, Italy, 1915-1916 Note: On Septembr 26, 1915, Austrian troops, descending from the heights of Monte Cevedale attacked and destroyed an Italian Alpini outpost known as the Cabana Cedeh (Cedeh Huette).
Box/Folder   3/10 Number   1180	In front of a fortification on our highest battlefield, South Tyrol, Italy, 1915-1916
Box/Folder   3/10 Number   1181	A soldier on the Ortler carrying a machine gun base and legs on his back, South Tyrol, Italy, 1915-1916
Box/Folder   3/10 Number   1182	Our war photographer photographing his competitor, South Tyrol, Italy, 1915-1916 Note: Frankl photo depicting another photographer taking an image of a soldier with skis.
Box/Folder   3/10 Number   1183	Resting in front of the hut, South Tyrol, Italy, 1915-1916 Note: Soldiers at rest in a fortified position on a mountain top.
Box/Folder   3/10 Number   1184	Transporting food containers at an elevation of 3500 meters, South Tyrol, Italy, 1915-1916
Box/Folder   3/10 Number   1186	Field kitchen on a bad road heading from Sabac to the front, South Tyrol, Italy, 1915-1916
Box/Folder   3/10 Number   1188	Traversing a glacier in the area of Monte Cevedale, South Tyrol, Italy, 1915-1916 Note: Monte Cevedale is a 3757 meter high peak in the vicinity of Ortler.
Box/Folder   3/10 Number   1189	Dog carts on the glacier terrain on the Tirolian battlefront, South Tyrol, Italy, 1915-1916
Box/Folder   3/11 Number   1126	Austrian soldiers observing Serbian troop movements from the attic window of a hut, Serbia, 1915
Box/Folder   3/11 Number   1212	Destroyed telephone lines in Serbia being repaired for use, Serbia, 1915
Box/Folder   3/11 Number   1213	Building the pontoon bridge over the Danube River, Serbia, 1915
Box/Folder   3/11 Number   1214	The bad roads in Serbia are damaging to wagons and wheels. As a result one finds temporary field smithies set up everywhere in Serbia, Serbia, 1915
Box/Folder   3/11 Number   1215	Improving bad Serbian roads, Serbia, 1915
Box/Folder   3/11 Number   1216	Necessary work in enemy territory. Austrian engineers laying rails for a roadbed to make the transport of provisions easier, Serbia, 1915
Box/Folder   3/11 Number   1217	Pontoon bridge over the Danube River into Serbia, Serbia, 1915
Box/Folder   3/11 Number   1218	Pionnieren (Engineer Troops) officer riding on a Serbian military road to determine the best route, Serbia, 1915
Box/Folder   3/11 Number   1219, 1221	Street scene in a Serbian village, Serbia, 1915
Box/Folder   3/11 Number   1220	Austrian pontoons that provided excellent service during the river crossing, Serbia, 1915
Box/Folder   3/11 Number   1222	Depot for Austrian supply and munitions columns in Serbia, Serbia, 1915
Box/Folder   3/11 Number   1223	Austrian provisions column on the border with Serbia, Serbia, 1915
Box/Folder   3/11 Number   1224	Austrian 305 mm mortar (mis-identified as a 420 mm mortar) in firing position, Serbia, 1915
Box/Folder   3/11 Number   1225	Artillery battery telephone in a Serbian trench line that had been captured by the Austrians, Serbia, 1915
Box/Folder   3/11 Number   1227	Difficult progress on bad Serbian roads, Serbia, 1915
Box/Folder   3/11 Number   1228	Transferring munitions from one wagon to another for forward movement in Serbia, Serbia, 1915
Box/Folder   3/11 Number   1229	Street scene in Sabac with a passing Austrian column of wagons, Serbia, 1915
Box/Folder   3/11 Number   1230	Sabac in Serbia. Courier automobile in the foreground, Serbia, 1915
Box/Folder   3/11 Number   1231	Sitting around a campfire in Serbia, Serbia, 1915 Note: Austrian soldiers and civilians gathered around a fire.
Box/Folder   3/11 Number   1232	Destroyed house in Sabac, Serbia, 1915
Box/Folder   3/11 Number   unnumbered	Chamber of Deputies and Foreign Ministry, Bulgaria Note: Probably in Sofia, Bulgaria.
Box/Folder   3/11 Number   unnumbered	Varna, Bulgaria Note: City on the Black Sea in Bulgaria.
Box/Folder   3/11 Number   unnumbered	Aristocratic palace in Sofia, Bulgaria
Box/Folder   3/11 Number   unnumbered	Sofia, Bulgaria
Box/Folder   3/12 Number   1052	Dispatch rider camel for two riders being mounted up, Ottoman Syria and Palestine, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   3/12 Number   1053	Loading a camel with provisions, Ottoman Syria and Palestine, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   3/12 Number   1054	On the road from Damascus to Jerusalem at the site of some ancient ruins, Ottoman Syria and Palestine, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   3/12 Number   1055	Turkish soldiers at a well in Hebron, Ottoman Syria and Palestine, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   3/12 Number   1056	Distributing flour to troops in Hebron, Ottoman Syria and Palestine, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   3/12 Number   1057	Drawing water from a well in Silly (Silli), Ottoman Syria and Palestine, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   3/12 Number   1058-1059	Turkish Landsturmleute (reservists) being detailed to improve rail and road beds, Ottoman Syria and Palestine, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   3/12 Number   1060	Senussi fighters, on horseback, returning from a patrol in the desert, Ottoman Syria and Palestine, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   3/12 Number   1061	Duties of the Turkish Landsturm (reservists). Guarding a bridge in Adana, Ottoman Syria and Palestine, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   3/12 Number   1062, 1067	Senussi fighter, Ottoman Syria and Palestine, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   3/12 Number   1063	Senussi volunteers on horseback. Fighter with a holy banner, Ottoman Syria and Palestine, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   3/12 Number   1064-1065	Senussi volunteer fighters with their remarkable head coverings woven from camel hair which no sword can penetrate, Ottoman Syria and Palestine, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   3/12 Number   1066	Water buffalo in service by the Turkish army, Ottoman Syria and Palestine, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   3/12 Number   1068-1069	Moving provisions with wagons pulled by water buffalo, Ottoman Syria and Palestine, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   3/12 Number   1070-1071	Duties of the Turkish Landsturm (reservists). Moving provisions with wagons pulled by water buffalo, Ottoman Syria and Palestine, late 1914-early 1915
Box/Folder   3/13 Number   1160-1161	Dutiful artillery forward observer, in a snowstorm in an ice cavern on a glacier, at an elevation of 3600 meters, overlooking Italian territory, South Tyrol, Italy, 1915-1916
Box/Folder   3/13 Number   1162	Provisioning our highest battlefield with firewood, South Tyrol, Italy, 1915-1916
Box/Folder   3/13 Number   1163	Butchers slaughtering beef on the Tirolian battlefront, South Tyrol, Italy, 1915-1916
Box/Folder   3/13 Number   1164	Crossing a stream on a footbridge on the Tirolian front, South Tyrol, Italy, 1915-1916
Box/Folder   3/13 Number   1165	Column of troops carrying lumber, in a fog, to our high altitude fighting positions on the glacier, South Tyrol, Italy, 1915-1916
Box/Folder   3/13 Number   1165	Transporting building lumber (mis-identified as firewood) to our high altitude fighting positions on the Italian-Tirolian front, South Tyrol, Italy, 1915-1916
Box/Folder   3/13 Number   1166	Elevation of 3600 meters. Munitions column, on pack mules, on the way to a fortified position on the glaciers, South Tyrol, Italy, 1915-1916
Box/Folder   3/14 Number   1500	The visit of the Czar of Bulgaria to the Austrian headquarters. The Czar is decorating an Austrian corporal who single-handedly held a fighting position in the Carpathians for five hours against enemy attack. He is being given the Golden medal for Bravery along with a Bulgarian decoration. The czar is in the middle of the image. Archduke Frederick is on the right, Montenegro and Albania, 1916 Note: Bulgaria entered World War One, on the side of the central Powers, in the Fall of 1915, and participated in the Austro-Hungarian invasion of Serbia. Czar Ferdinand I was the ruler of Bulgaria from 1887 until his abdication in 1918.
Box/Folder   3/14 Number   1501	The Czar of Bulgaria visiting the Austrian headquarters. Accompanied here by his aides, Montenegro and Albania, 1916 Note: Bulgaria entered World War One, on the side of the central Powers, in the Fall of 1915, and participated in the Austro-Hungarian invasion of Serbia. Czar Ferdinand served as ruler of Bulgaria until his abdication in 1918.
Box/Folder   3/14 Number   1502	The visit of the Czar of Bulgaria to the Austrian headquarters. The Czar is conversing with the former Austrian ambassador to Russia, Count Thurn und Valsassina, Montenegro and Albania, 1916 Note: Count Thurn und Valsassina was the Austro-Hungarian ambassador to Russia in St. Petersburg from 1911-1914.
Box/Folder   3/14 Number   1503	The visit of the Czar of Bulgaria to the Austrian headquarters, after the celebratory mass in the chapel of location of the headquarters on February 13 (1916), Montenegro and Albania, 1916
Box/Folder   3/14 Number   1504	Mount Lovcen. Flag signal station on a mountain road at Lovcen. Raising the flag signals wagons below to stop, Montenegro and Albania, 1916 Note: Mount Lovcen, in Montenegro, was a key position attacked by Austro-Hungarian troops during their invasion of Montenegro in January 1916.
Box/Folder   3/14 Number   1505	Mount Lovcen. Workers repairing a stone viaduct that had been demolished. View of the site of the explosion and the serpentine road, Montenegro and Albania, 1916
Box/Folder   3/14 Number   1506	Munitions depot in the mountains, Montenegro and Albania, 1916
Box/Folder   3/14 Number   1507	On Lake Skutari. Loading a steaming field kitchen wagon (goulash cannon) onto a boat, Montenegro and Albania, 1916 Note: Lake Skutari straddles the border between Albania and Montenegro.
Box/Folder   3/14 Number   1508	Austrian scouts in the Albanian mountains during the advance into Albania, Montenegro and Albania, 1916
Box/Folder   3/14 Number   1509	Through Bosnia and the Herzegovina during the war. Celebrating the Mevlud (Mawlid) festival to commemorate Mohammed's birthday on January 18th (1915 or 1916) in Sarajevo. Bosnian Muslim soldiers on the temple floor at the Begova (Gazi Husrev-bey) Mosque in Sarajevo, Bosnia
Box/Folder   3/14 Number   1514	Sarajevo vegetable seller, Bosnia
Box/Folder   3/14 Number   1515	Rock barricades in the mountains of Albania, Montenegro and Albania, 1916
Box/Folder   3/14 Number   1516	In Albania. A 240 mm mortar in a reserve position, Montenegro and Albania, 1916
Box/Folder   3/14 Number   1517	Skutari. The bishop's palace in Skutari, Montenegro and Albania, 1916 Note: Although a majority Muslim country, Albania has a significant Catholic minority whose main center was the City of Skutari.
Box/Folder   3/14 Number   1518	Antivari harbor, Montenegro and Albania, 1916 Note: Antivari (Bar) was the primary port city of Montenegro.
Box/Folder   3/14 Number   1519	Through Albania. Soldiers sunning themselves, Montenegro and Albania, 1916
Box/Folder   3/14 Number   1520	Skutari. The bazaar along the waterfront, Montenegro and Albania, 1916 Note: Skutari (Shkodra or Shkoder) is city on the northern part of Albania.
Box/Folder   3/14 Number   1521	Wine for our fighting troops in Albania, Montenegro and Albania, 1916
Box/Folder   3/14 Number   1526	Street scene in Albania, Montenegro and Albania, 1916
Box/Folder   3/14 Number   1527	Airplane in sight, Montenegro and Albania, 1916
Box/Folder   3/14 Number   1528	Albanian volunteers, in front of a barracks, offering to serve as guides, Montenegro and Albania, 1916
Box/Folder   3/14 Number   1529	Cetinje. Antique Montenegrin mortars at the arsenal, Montenegro and Albania, 1916 Note: City of Cetinje was the royal capitol of Montenegro.
Box/Folder   3/14 Number   1530	After the defeat of Montenegro in the Town of Njegusi, a summer residence of King Nikita. A kavass (armed guard) of the king sits in front of the main entrance, Montenegro and Albania, 1916 Note: King Nikita (Nicholas I) was the ruler of Montenegro from 1860 until 1918. Montenegro became a kingdom, independent of Ottoman rule, in 1910.
Box/Folder   3/14 Number   1550	Repair work on a stone viaduct on a serpentine road on Mount Lovcen that had been damaged by the Montenegrins, Montenegro and Albania, 1916
Box/Folder   3/14 Number   1551-1552	Repair work on Mount Lovcen to repair war damage. Soldiers drilling into rock on the side of the mountains, Montenegro and Albania, 1916
Box/Folder   3/14 Number   1553	Repair work on Mount Lovcen to repair roads. Austrian troops using a rock crusher, Montenegro and Albania, 1916
Box/Folder   3/14 Number   1554	Repair work on Mount Lovcen to repair roads. Civilians carrying bags of cement up a road to the repair site, Montenegro and Albania, 1916
Box/Folder   3/15 Number   1557	Repair work on Mount Lovcen to repair war damage caused by the Montenegrins. Vehicles are being pulled up a detour path on the mountain, Montenegro and Albania, 1916
Box/Folder   3/15 Number   1558	View of Njegusi and Austrian troops, Montenegro and Albania, 1916
Box/Folder   3/15 Number   1559	A remarkable photograph from the time of the surrender. Our enemies, now without their weapons, walking peacefully on the street amidst our soldiers, Montenegro and Albania, 1916
Box/Folder   3/15 Number   1560	Cettinje. The parliament building in Cettinje, Montenegro and Albania, 1916
Box/Folder   3/15 Number   1561	Colorful street life in Cettinje, Montenegro and Albania, 1916
Box/Folder   3/15 Number   1562	Cettinje. Montenegrin work party passing by the French embassy in Cettinje, Montenegro and Albania, 1916
Box/Folder   3/15 Number   1563	Cettinje. Montenegrin cleric, Montenegro and Albania, 1916 Note: Orthodox priest on the street.
Box/Folder   3/15 Number   1564	Cettinje. Austrian reinforcements marching through the city, Montenegro and Albania, 1916
Box/Folder   3/15 Number   1567-1568	Artillery pieces at the arsenal in Cetinje that had been captured or surrendered by Montenegrin soldiers, Montenegro and Albania, 1916
Box/Folder   3/15 Number   1569-1570	Montenegrin soldiers surrendering their weapons, Montenegro and Albania, 1916
Box/Folder   3/15 Number   1571	Cattaro (Kotor). Exemplary order, Montenegro and Albania, 1916 Note: Cattaro (Kotor), in the Austrian province of Dalmatia, was an Austro-Hungarian naval base.
Box/Folder   3/15 Number   1572	Cattaro (Kotor). Evacuated women working as laborers at the port, Montenegro and Albania, 1916
Box/Folder   3/15 Number   1573	Cattaro (Kotor). Open air kitchen on the mole, Montenegro and Albania, 1916
Box/Folder   3/15 Number   1574	Cattaro (Kotor). Austrian compound on the Bocche (Bay) of Cattaro (Kotor), Montenegro and Albania, 1916
Box/Folder   3/15 Number   1575	Cattaro (Kotor). At the sweet water spring on the old kettenshore of Cattaro, Montenegro and Albania, 1916
Box/Folder   3/15 Number   1576-1578	Rijeka (Rijeka Crnojevi?a) the beautifully situated summer residence of King Nikita (Nicholas I) of Montenegro, Montenegro and Albania, 1916
Box/Folder   3/15 Number   1579	Our troops marching between Rijeka (Rijeka Crnojevi?a) and Virpazar in Montenegro, Montenegro and Albania, 1916
Box/Folder   3/15 Number   1580	Rijeka (Rijeka Crnojevi?a). The first cinematic filming of the summer residence of King Nikita (Nicholas I). F.M.L. (trollmann?), his chief of staff, Colonel Karl Guensche, and the rest of the staff are being cinematically filmed, Montenegro and Albania, 1916
Box/Folder   3/16 Number   1510	Through Bosnia and the Herzegovina during the war. Celebrating the Mevlud (Mawlid) festival to commemorate Mohammed's birthday on January 18th (1915 or 1916) in Sarajevo. Bosnian Muslim soldiers on the temple floor at the Begova (Gazi Husrev-bey) Mosque in Sarajevo, Bosnia
Box/Folder   3/16 Number   1511	Sarajevo. Firewood being brought into the city for sale, Bosnia
Box/Folder   3/16 Number   1512	Sarajevo. Children selling treats in front of the mosque, Bosnia
Box/Folder   3/16 Number   1513	Through Bosnia and the Herzegovina during the war, Bosnia Note: Bosnian soldiers on a train car.
Box/Folder   3/16 Number   1522	Wealthy Albanian Catholic women with their gold jewelry on the street of Skutari, Montenegro and Albania, 1916
Box/Folder   3/16 Number   1523	Skutari. Oxcarts for transporting military supplies to Albania, Montenegro and Albania, 1916
Box/Folder   3/16 Number   1524	Skutari. Serbian and Austrian Red Cross workers in front of the barracks, Montenegro and Albania, 1916
Box/Folder   3/16 Number   1525	Canned goods destined for Albania being loaded for shipment, Montenegro and Albania, 1916
Box/Folder   3/16 Number   1555	Repair work on Mount Lovcen to repair war damage casued by the Montenegrins. Archduke Karl Franz Salvator inspecting the work on Mount Lovcen, Montenegro and Albania, 1916
Box/Folder   3/16 Number   1556	Repair work on Mount Lovcen to repair war damage caused by the Montenegrins. Vehicles are being pulled up a detour path on the mountain, Montenegro and Albania, 1916
Box/Folder   3/16 Number   1581	On Lake Skutari (Skodar) in Albania. Morning scene in Virpazar, Montenegro and Albania, 1916 Note: Lake Skutari (Lake Skodar) spans the border between Montenegro and Albania.
Box/Folder   3/16 Number   1583	On Lake Skutari (Skodar) in Albania. Austrian soldiers crossing the bridge near Skutari, Montenegro and Albania, 1916
Box/Folder   3/16 Number   1584	On Lake Skutari (Skodar) in Albania. Austrian cavalry crossing the bridge near Skutari, Montenegro and Albania, 1916
Box/Folder   3/16 Number   1585	On Lake Skutari (Skodar) in Albania. Austrian troops being loaded into barges, Montenegro and Albania, 1916
Box/Folder   3/16 Number   1586	On Lake Skutari (Skodar) in Albania. Our offensive in Albania. Provisions and munitions being loaded on barges, Montenegro and Albania, 1916
Box/Folder   3/16 Number   1587	On Lake Skutari (Skodar) in Albania. Albanian Turkish refugees returning by boat to Skutari, Montenegro and Albania, 1916
Box/Folder   3/16 Number   1588	On Lake Skutari (Skodar). Unloading horses from a barge, Montenegro and Albania, 1916
Box/Folder   3/16 Number   1589	On the road to Antivari (Bar). Improving the track bed, Montenegro and Albania, 1916
Box/Folder   3/16 Number   1590	On the road to Antivari (Bar). Sailors unloading coal in the port, Montenegro and Albania, 1916
Box/Folder   3/16 Number   1591	On the road to Antivari (Bar). Butchers selling meat on the street, Montenegro and Albania, 1916
Box/Folder   3/16 Number   1592	Skutari. Serbian prisoners in Skutari being led to their quarters, Montenegro and Albania, 1916
Box/Folder   3/16 Number   1593	Skutari. The city hall bedecked with flags on the day of surrender, Montenegro and Albania, 1916
Box/Folder   3/16 Number   1594	Skutari. Beef cattle being driven through the streets of Skutari heading for Durazzo, Montenegro and Albania, 1916
Box/Folder   3/16 Number   1595	Skutari. Parade of newly arrived Austrian soldiers, Montenegro and Albania, 1916
Box/Folder   3/16 Number   1596	Skutari. Idyllic street scene, Montenegro and Albania, 1916
Box/Folder   3/16 Number   1597	Skutari. Selling large trout caught in Lake Skutari, Montenegro and Albania, 1916
Box/Folder   3/16 Number   1598	Mixed guard mounting on the streets of Skutari, Montenegro and Albania, 1916 Note: Austrian soldiers and a Bosnian or Albanian walking a guard in the city.
Box/Folder   3/16 Number   1599	Skutari. In front of the barracks, Montenegro and Albania, 1916
Box/Folder   3/16 Number   1600	Skutari. Albanian Turks, Montenegro and Albania, 1916
Box/Folder   3/16 Number   1601	Life in Skutari.Returning Turkish merchant is reopening his store, Montenegro and Albania, 1916
Box/Folder   3/17 Number   1602	Skutari street scene. Holiday promenade by a Muslim family in the Muslim quarter of the city, Montenegro and Albania, 1916
Box/Folder   3/17 Number   1603	Skutari street scene. Future?, Montenegro and Albania, 1916
Box/Folder   3/17 Number   1606	Skutari street scene. “The nosy reporter,” Montenegro and Albania, 1916 Note: Austrian or German journalist in conversation with a woman, probably Montenegrin or Albanian, on the street in Skutari.
Box/Folder   3/17 Number   1607	Skutari street scene. Proclamation for the Montenegrins, Montenegro and Albania, 1916 Note: Residents gathered around a wall placard printed with announcements, issued by the military authorities, in several languages.
Box/Folder   3/17 Number   1612	Skutari street scenes. The footsteps of the Orient, Montenegro and Albania, 1916
Box/Folder   3/17 Number   1613	On the road to Albania. Wagons carrying pontoon boats being transported across the Montenegrin mountains to Lake Skutari (Skodar), Montenegro and Albania, 1916
Box/Folder   3/17 Number   1614	On the road to Albania. Beef cattle and ambulances sharing a mountain road, Montenegro and Albania, 1916
Box/Folder   3/17 Number   1615	On the road to Albania. Captured weapons being collected on the shore in preparation for shipment to the rear, Montenegro and Albania, 1916
Box/Folder   3/17 Number   1618	On the road to Albania. Barrels of drinking water being shipped to soldiers in Albania to prevent water-born diseases and epidemics, Montenegro and Albania, 1916
Box/Folder   3/17 Number   1619-1620	On the road to Albania. Mountain artillery for deployment in difficult terrain moving forward, Montenegro and Albania, 1916
Box/Folder   3/17 Number   1621-1622	On the road to Albania. Our troops on their victorious advance into Albania, Montenegro and Albania, 1916
Box/Folder   3/17 Number   1623	On the road to Albania. Depot for animal pelts and hides, Montenegro and Albania, 1916
Box/Folder   3/17 Number   1625	On the road to Albania. Beef cattle for slaughter, Montenegro and Albania, 1916
Box/Folder   3/17 Number   1626-1633	On the road to Albania. Serbian soldiers coming from Durazzo and surrendering themselves and their weapons to our troops in Albania, Montenegro and Albania, 1916
Box/Folder   3/17 Number   1626	On the road to Albania. Austrians soldiers resting after a strenuous day of marching, Montenegro and Albania, 1916
Box/Folder   3/18 Number   1634	German, Bulgarian and Austrian soldiers, in all manner of clothing, who have assisted each after fleeing from Serbian prisoner camps and have arrived in Skutari, Montenegro and Albania, 1916
Box/Folder   3/18 Number   1635	This is how our soldiers looked when released after suffering 11 months of deprivations as prisoners in Serbia. Photograph taken on January 28th in Cetinje, Montenegro and Albania, 1916
Box/Folder   3/18 Number   1642-1644	Russian (prisoners) carrying wounded soldiers over difficult terrain in the Black Mountains, Montenegro and Albania, 1916 Note: The Black Mountain(s) refers to the area around Mount Lovcen in Montenegro.
Box/Folder   3/18 Number   1645	The celebration of the first mass for our troops in the cathedral in the Catholic section of Skutari. Images shows the kneeling crowd waiting to enter the church for the mass, Montenegro and Albania, 1916
Box/Folder   3/18 Number   1650	1. Excellency Lieutenant Field Marshall _orsich; 2. General Staff Major von Karches with his staff, Montenegro and Albania, 1916
Box/Folder   3/18 Number   1651	Lieutentant Field Marshal Viktor Weber Edler von Webenau and his staff, Montenegro and Albania, 1916
Box/Folder   3/18 Number   1652	His Excellency Lieutenant Field Marshall Kollmann in conversation with Archduke Karl Franz Salvator, Montenegro and Albania, 1916
Box/Folder   3/18 Number   1653	Brigadier Colonel Zuber going to an inspection, Montenegro and Albania, 1916 Note: Colonel Zuber was the commander of an Austrian mountain brigade during the invasion of Montenegro and Albania.
Box/Folder   3/18 Number   1654	His Imperial Highness the Archduke Karl Franz Salvator in Cetinje, Montenegro and Albania, 1916
Box/Folder   3/18 Number   1657-1658	The Mornarica (naval) defense corps parading on February 3rd to celebrate the feastday of Saint Tryphon, the patron saint of Cattaro, Montenegro and Albania, 1916
Box/Folder   3/18 Number   1659-1660	Ski patrol in Montenegro's snowy mountains, Montenegro and Albania, 1916
Box/Folder   3/19 Number   1604	Street scene in Skutari. Pleasure ride of a “harem lady,” Montenegro and Albania, 1916 Note: Muslim woman riding sidesaddle on a pony.
Box/Folder   3/19 Number   1605	Street scene in Skutari. In the Muslim quarter of Skutari, Montenegro and Albania, 1916
Box/Folder   3/19 Number   1608	Street scene in Skutari. Montenegrins in Skutari reading official proclamation posted on wall placard, Montenegro and Albania, 1916
Box/Folder   3/19 Number   1609	Street scene in Skutari. Jesuit priests in Skutari, Montenegro and Albania, 1916
Box/Folder   3/19 Number   1610	Street scene in Skutari. Muslim couple strolling down the street, Montenegro and Albania, 1916
Box/Folder   3/19 Number   1611	Street scene in Skutari. Catholic Albanians, Montenegro and Albania, 1916
Box/Folder   3/19 Number   1616	On the road to Albania. Village well in Albania, Montenegro and Albania, 1916
Box/Folder   3/19 Number   1617	On the road to Albania. Beef cattle depot on Lake Skutari (Skodar), Montenegro and Albania, 1916
Box/Folder   3/19 Number   1638	Sarajevo. Bosnian child with horse, Bosnia
Box/Folder   3/19 Number   1639	Sarajevo. Bosnian reservists being called up for service, Bosnia
Box/Folder   3/19 Number   1665	Menage, Montenegro and Albania, 1916 Note: Austrian soldiers carrying rations.
Box/Folder   3/19 Number   1666	Getting coffee on a Bosnian train station, Montenegro and Albania, 1916 Note: Austrian soliders in a train car purchasing coffee from a street vendor.
Box/Folder   3/19 Number   1667a	Armorial wall decoration outside the Sarajevo train station, Montenegro and Albania, 1916
Box/Folder   3/19 Number   1667b	Distribution of bread by our soldiers to the needy Montenegrin residents of Cetinje, Montenegro and Albania, 1916 Note: Cetinje was the old royal capitol of Montenegro.
Box/Folder   3/19 Number   1670	“Our barbarians” cooking for poor Montenegrin children, Montenegro and Albania, 1916
Box/Folder   3/19 Number   1671	A well along a Montenegrin road, Montenegro and Albania, 1916
Box/Folder   3/19 Number   1676	After the defeat of Montenegro. Residents and children in the Town of Njegusi, Montenegro and Albania, 1916 Note: Njegusi was the former royal summer residence of the king of Montenegro.
Box/Folder   3/19 Number   1677	Shelters for troops in the Albanian mountains, Montenegro and Albania, 1916
Box/Folder   3/19 Number   1678	The pursuit of art in wartime. Professor Friedrich, Berlin
Box/Folder   3/19 Number   1679	The pursuit of art in wartime. Professor August Kraus modelling a bust of General von Kluck, Berlin Note: Prof. August Kraus (1868-1934).
Box/Folder   3/20 Number   1636	In front of the military headquarters building in Cetinje, Montenegro and Albania, 1916
Box/Folder   3/20 Number   1637	Sarajevo. This very spot, where a memorial plaque is being installed, is the scene of the murder of the Archduke Franz Ferdinand, Bosnia
Box/Folder   3/20 Number   1640	Sarajevo. Electrified street railway in Sarajevo, Bosnia
Box/Folder   3/20 Number   1641	Sarajevo. Mevludfest (the birthday of Mohammed) being celebrated in Sarajevo on January 18th, Bosnia
Box/Folder   3/20 Number   1647	The celebration of the first mass for our troops in the cathedral in the Catholic section of Skutari. The Archbishop of Skutari, who celebrated the mass, is leaving the church, Montenegro and Albania, 1916
Box/Folder   3/20 Number   1648-1649	The celebration of the first mass for our troops in the cathedral in the Catholic section of Skutari. Albanian Catholics are leaving the church after mass, Montenegro and Albania, 1916
Box/Folder   3/20 Number   1655-1656	Albanians baling hay under Austrian supervision, Montenegro and Albania, 1916
Box/Folder   3/20 Number   1661	Mostar, Montenegro and Albania, 1916 Note: City in southern Bosnia.
Box/Folder   3/20 Number   1662-1663	Military veterinarian treating a horse on the Montenegrin battlefront, Montenegro and Albania, 1916
Box/Folder   3/20 Number   1664	Supply column at rest, Montenegro and Albania, 1916
Box/Folder   3/20 Number   1668	Civilian burial in Cettinje, Montenegro and Albania, 1916
Box/Folder   3/20 Number   1669	Montenegrin children selling devalued paper money to our soldiers, Montenegro and Albania, 1916
Box/Folder   3/20 Number   1672	Serbian prisoners being loaded onto ships in the bay, Montenegro and Albania, 1916
Box/Folder   3/20 Number   1673	Njegusi with King Nikita's (Nicholas I) summer residence. Mount Lovcen in the background, Montenegro and Albania, 1916
Box/Folder   3/20 Number   1674	Stockpiling a depot of supplies in the Albanian mountains, Montenegro and Albania, 1916
Box/Folder   3/20 Number   1675	Montenegrin soldier wearing a shepherd's cloak, Montenegro and Albania, 1916
Box/Folder   3/20 Number   1680	The pursuit of art during wartime. Professor Johannes Goetz, Berlin Note: Johannes Goetz (1865-1934) was German sculptor, best-known for creating a series of historical statuary scenes, based on German history, along the Siegessallee in Berlin.
Box/Folder   3/20 Number   1681	The pursuit of art during wartime. Professor Ernst Herter in his studio located in the Charlottenburg district of Berlin on Hardenbergstrasse, Berlin Note: Ernst Herter (1846-1917) was a German sculptor specializing in creating scenes from Greek and Roman mythology.
Box/Folder   3/21 Number   1682	The pursuit of art during wartime. Professor Liebmann's statue “Amor,” Berlin
Box/Folder   3/21 Number   1683	The pursuit of art during wartime. Professor Richard Anders modelling a bust of General von Haeseler, Berlin
Box/Folder   3/21 Number   1684	The pursuit of art during wartime. Professor Albert Maennchen. Berlin, Steglitz. Mural entitles “Baldur” installed in the great hall of the community Fest-Halle Berlin-Lankwitz, just being opended, Berlin
Box/Folder   3/21 Number   1685	The pursuit of art during wartime. Professor Fritz Heinemann and his statue “das maedchen aus der fremde,” Berlin Note: Professor Fritz Heinemann (1864-1932) was a sculptor and teacher living in Berlin.
Box/Folder   3/21 Number   1686	View of the heights of Mount Lovcen, Montenegro and Albania, 1916
Box/Folder   3/21 Number   1687	Bosnian railway official examining the rail bed, Montenegro and Albania, 1916
Box/Folder   3/21 Number   1688	German embassy building in Cetinje, Montenegro and Albania, 1916
Box/Folder   3/21 Number   1689, 1692	Austrian heavy artillery in Albania, Montenegro and Albania, 1916
Box/Folder   3/21 Number   1690	Two-wheeled munitions and supply carts used by Austro-Hungarian troops in Albania, Montenegro and Albania, 1916
Box/Folder   3/21 Number   1691	Mass of celebration in Skutari. The building in the background is the archbishop's palace, Montenegro and Albania, 1916 Note: Although a majority Muslim country, Albania had a significant Catholic minority whose main center was the City of Skutari.
Box/Folder   3/21 Number   1693	Albanian men, standing in front of the Town Hall in Skutari, seeking employment with Austro-Hungarian forces, Montenegro and Albania, 1916
Box/Folder   3/21 Number   1694	Wives of Italians who are employed at a supply depot as seamtresses to make bags, Montenegro and Albania, 1916
Box/Folder   3/21 Number   1695	Small caliber mortar being prepared for use on the Albanian battlefront, Montenegro and Albania, 1916
Box/Folder   3/21 Number   1696	Press for mounting heavy rubber truck tires onto rims for Austro-Hungarian military vehicles, Montenegro and Albania, 1916
Box/Folder   3/21 Number   1697	Payday, Montenegro and Albania, 1916 Note: Austrian soldiers being paid.
Box/Folder   3/21 Number   1698	420 mm (in actuality, an Austrian 305 mm) mortar shells in packing containers, Montenegro and Albania, 1916
Box/Folder   3/21 Number   1699	Military truck repair work, Montenegro and Albania, 1916
Box/Folder   3/21 Number   1700	Latest photograh of Colonel General von Kövess, Montenegro and Albania, 1916 Note: Colonel General Hermann Kövess von Kövessháza commanded the Austrian 3rd Army during the invasion of Serbia.
Box/Folder   3/21 Number   1701	Panorama of Skutari, Montenegro and Albania, 1916
Box/Folder   3/21 Number   1702	Field kitchen being loaded onto a ship, Montenegro and Albania, 1916 Note: Mobile field kitchens were often, jokingly, nicknamed goulash cannons.
Box/Folder   3/21 Number   1721-1722	Distributing midday meals to Austrian troops in Russian Poland, Poland