Title: Vernon Haubrich Desegration Study Papers
Inclusive Dates: 1967-1973

Creator:

• Haubrich, Vernon F.

Call Number: Mss 790; Audio 1236A

Quantity: 16.6 c.f. (4 archives boxes and 15 record center cartons) and 74 tape recordings

Repository:

Wisconsin Historical Society, Division of Library, Archives, and Museum Collections

Archival Locations:

Wisconsin Historical Society (Map)

COLLECTION MAY BE STORED OFF-SITE: see catalog entry to request materials and for additional information.

Abstract:

Papers of Vernon F. Haubrich, a professor of educational policy studies at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, entirely concerning a national research project (1967-1971) on the educational, sociological, and economic factors that contributed to successful elementary school desegregation. Included are achievement test forms completed by individual students; attitudinal questionnaires completed by teachers, counselors, and principals; and recorded interviews (some in transcribed form). Also included are taped interviews of students and other materials concerning the development of the Wisconsin Cartoon Test which was used to study the racial attitudes of young children. Fragmentary administrative papers include the original grant proposal, the final report, and miscellaneous correspondence.

Note:

There is a restriction on access to and use of this material; see the Administrative/Restriction Information portion of this finding aid for details.

Language: English

URL to cite for this finding aid: http://digital.library.wisc.edu/1711.dl/wiarchives.uw-whs-mss00790

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Vernon Haubrich was a professor of educational policy at the University of Wisconsin and a member of the Institute for Research on Poverty. During the 1960s his research focused on the educational problems of the disadvantaged. In 1967 Haubrich received a $162,148 federal grant from the U.S. Office of Education to examine the effect of desegregation in public elementary schools and to identify the factors which contributed to successful school integration. This research was prompted in part by a 1967 U.S. Office of Education report Equality of Educational Opportunity (the Coleman Report) which stressed the importance of examination of the factors which most influenced school performance in an integrated setting.

To accomplish this goal Haubrich proposed to study more cities than had been investigated for the Coleman report. In addition he proposed to follow his schools over a longer period. After originally selecting ten cities, Haubrich focused on seven communities, three in the north, three in the south, and one in the middle border region. He then identified several categories of integrated elementary schools in each city (one, two, or three years of experience with desegregation) and established as his control those schools in which both groups had gone to school together as a matter of course because of neighborhood proximity. Average schools with students from working class, lower class, and middle class backgrounds were selected for the research. For purposes of the study Haubrich defined successfully integrated schools as those schools in which reading levels or achievement levels remained the same or improved.

Research began in November 1968 with teachers, principals, and other school personnel completing written questionnaires of several kinds. In addition oral interviews were also conducted in order to collect more descriptive data for comparison. To examine how teacher perceptions of the students contributed to student performance, Haubrich collected data on teacher authoritarianism or egalitarianism. In addition students were given the Otis Lemmon test as a measure of IQ as well as being interviewed. Children in three communities were retested to document changes over time.

During the course of the study it was noticed that the younger children did not respond to the written questionnaires concerning multi-racial situations. In 1968 Haubrich's team (Ann Clark of the University's Center on Mental Retardation and Roy Mumme, a professor of education and an artist at the University of Southern Florida-Tampa) devised the Wisconsin Cartoon Test (WISCAR) which depicted Black and White students and teachers in various situations. The children were then questioned about the cartoons. The researchers found that this innovative study technique enabled the young children to better express feelings of racial awareness, social distance, and perception of authority.

In 1972 Haubrich published his final report A Comparative and Development Study of the Effects of Desegregation in Selected Public Schools. Findings with regard to social class, region, and race as factors in student achievement-IQ levels were similar to those of other major studies. The study concluded that a teacher's egalitarian attitude had a strong positive impact on student learning and IQ levels. Conclusions of the WISCAR test supported earlier research on the topic, finding that the race of the teacher and the racial composition of the classroom had a strong effect on children. Analysis of the descriptive data suggested that the attitudes of the school board, superintendents, and principals had a strong effect on the process of desegregation. Somewhat unrelated to its racial purposes the study discovered that teachers could not accurately predict the abilities of their students, although students were relatively accurate in estimating their own abilities.

The desegregation study ended in 1972 when Haubrich was unable to obtain additional funding in order to follow his representative schools over a longer period of time.

The collection consists of correspondence, reports, questionnaires, IQ tests, and recorded and transcribed interviews. Data, which is the largest portion of the collection, is useful both for reexamination of the study's conclusions and for historical comparisons. In addition, some of the personal, economic, and educational data collected about principals, teachers, students, and school systems should be useful for research hypotheses unrelated to integration studies.

The collection is divided into ADMINISTRATIVE PAPERS and TEST DATA.

The ADMINISTRATIVE PAPERS are very incomplete, although information about the history of the research is present in summary form in the final report. For example, circumstances leading to modifications in the project design are undocumented here. Included among the administrative papers are the original grant proposal, the final report, the unsuccessful application for renewal, and other material concerning relations with the Department of Education arranged together in chronological order. Also included is some miscellaneous correspondence, personnel materials, instructions for administering the test and coding the data, and a copy of a Metropolitan Achievement Test. Information on the Wisconsin Cartoon Test filed here includes a complete, uncolored set of the cartoons, together with examples of colored pages and information pertaining to the pilot test conducted at Marquette Elementary School in Madison, Wisconsin. The records contain no information on the development of the test or any raw data from the administration of the Wisconsin Cartoon Test to students in the study, although the final report contains summary analyses of these conclusions and there are also many tape-recorded examples of the administration of the test.

TEST DATA consists of the original questionnaires and standardized tests completed by students, together with related narrative interviews. This material is arranged alphabetically by community and then by school. For each school the various categories of data are arranged in the same manner: principals' questionnaires, teacher/counselor questionnaires, teacher bigotry evaluations, student questionnaires, and student evaluations. The two kinds of student data are each arranged by grade; for the questionnaires the testing covered grades three through six, while the student evaluations encompassed grades one through six. A few sets of data are missing. Interviews follow the test data for each community. Some of the interviews with school personnel are available only in recorded form, although there are rough transcriptions for the majority. Also listed here are tape-recorded examples of the administration of the Wisconsin Cartoon test. In many cases the original tape boxes were annotated to indicate the race of the child taking the test.

The principals' questionnaires yield data on the general administration of the school and its physical plant, as well as such disparate topics as truancy enforcement, size of the school library, administration of intelligence tests, special services provided by the school, tracking, and the educational background of the principal. The teacher/counselor questionnaires contain data on family background and education; salary; and attitudes toward the work situation, racial issues, and educational policies. The bigotry evaluations were the tool used in establishing the authoritarian or egalitarian style of the teacher.

The children's questionnaires yield information concerning each child's self-perceptions and self esteem. There is also specific information on family size, parental employment, physical conditions of the home, and amount of television watched and reading. The student evaluations contain the Otis-Lennon Mental Ability tests administered to students in grades one to six, more detailed data on the occupation and educational level of the parents, and the teachers' estimates of children's ability, intelligence, and personality.

Access Restrictions

Student information in this collection may be restricted by the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act. In addition, the names of adults involved in the study have also been restricted by the donor. Researchers wishing to use this collection are asked to sign the Archives “Use of Restricted Material Form” certifying that they will not release any personally identifiable information.

Use Restrictions

There is no language in the Historical Society files regarding transfer of copyright.

Acquisition Information

Presented by Vernon Haubrich, Madison, Wisconsin, 1974-1976. Accession Number: M74-392, M76-544

Processing Information

Processed by Linda Mittlestadt (archives intern), 1991.

Mss 790	Series: Administrative Records
	Department of Education (DOE) relations
Box   1 Folder   1	Grant proposal, 1967
Box   1 Folder   2	Advisory committee, 1967-1968
Box   1 Folder   3	Review of study, 1968
Box   1 Folder   4	Final report to DOE, 1972
Box   1 Folder   5	Bibliography, undated
Box   1 Folder   6	Request for grant renewal, 1971
Box   1 Folder   7	Financial materials, undated
Box   1 Folder   8	Progress reports, 1971-1972
Box   1 Folder   9	General correspondence, 1967, 1969
Box   1 Folder   10	Instructions for conducting interviews and coding, undated
Box   1 Folder   11	Metropolitan Achievement test sample, undated
Box   1 Folder   12	Miscellaneous papers, 1971
Box   1 Folder   13	Miscellaneous statistics and charts, undated
Box   1 Folder   14	Personnel material, 1967-1968
	Wisconsin Cartoon Test
Box   1 Folder   15	Test administration material
Box   1 Folder   16	Complete uncolored set, undated
Box   1 Folder   17	Incomplete colored set, 1970
Box   1 Folder   18	Old cartoon test, undated
Box   1 Folder   19	Problems and corrections, and missing materials, undated
	Series: Test Data	⇧
	Baldwin, Florida
	Mattie A. Jones Elementary School
Box   2 Folder   1-2	Teacher/Counselor questionnaire
Box   2 Folder   3	Teacher bigotry evaluation
Box   2 Folder   4-11	Student questionnaires
Box   2 Folder   12-17	Student evaluations
1236A/1-2	Wisconsin Cartoon Test interviews
Mss 790	Berkeley, California
	Whittier-Longfellow Elementary School
Box   2 Folder   18	Principal's questionnaire
Box   2 Folder   19-21	Teacher/Counselor questionnaire
Box   2 Folder   22	Teacher bigotry evaluation
Box   3 Folder   1-6	Student questionnaires, Grades 4-6
Box   3 Folder   7-13	Student evaluations
	Interviews
Box   3 Folder   14	Transcripts
1236A/3-8	Wisconsin Cartoon Test interviews
Mss 790	Decatur, Illinois
	Pugh Elementary School
Box   3 Folder   15	Principal's questionnaire
Box   3 Folder   16-17	Teacher/Counselor questionnaire
Box   3 Folder   18	Teacher bigotry evaluation
Box   3 Folder   19-26	Student questionnaires
	Student evaluations
Box   3 Folder   27	Grade 1
Box   4 Folder   1	Grade 1 (continued)
Box   4 Folder   2-6	Grades 2-6
	Ullrich Elementary School
Box   4 Folder   7	Principal's questionnaire
Box   4 Folder   8-9	Teacher/Counselor questionnaire
Box   4 Folder   10	Teacher bigotry evaluation
Box   4 Folder   11-17	Student questionnaires
Box   4 Folder   18-26	Student evaluations
	Washington Elementary School
Box   4 Folder   27	Principal's questionnaire
Box   4 Folder   28-29	Teacher/Counselor questionnaire
Box   4 Folder   30	Teacher bigotry evaluation
Box   5 Folder   1-6	Student questionnaires
Box   5 Folder   7-12	Student evaluations
	Interviews
Box   5 Folder   13	Notes
1236A/9-26	Wisconsin Cartoon Test interviews
Mss 790	Farmington, Connecticut
	East Farms Elementary School
Box   5 Folder   14	Principal's questionnaire
Box   5 Folder   15-17	Teacher/Counselor questionnaire
Box   5 Folder   18	Teacher bigotry evaluation
	Student questionnaires
Box   5 Folder   19-24	Grades 3-5
Box   5 Folder   25	Grade 6
Box   6 Folder   1	Grade 6 (continued)
Box   6 Folder   2-9	Student evaluations
1236A/27-30	Wisconsin Cartoon Test interviews
Mss 790	Galveston, Texas
	George Washington Elementary School
Box   6 Folder   10	Principal's questionnaire
Box   6 Folder   11-14	Teacher/Counselor questionnaire
Box   6 Folder   15	Teacher bigotry evaluation
Box   6 Folder   16-22	Student questionnaires
	Student evaluations
Box   6 Folder   23	Grade 2
Box   7 Folder   1-4	Grades 3-6
	San Jacinto Elementary School
Box   7 Folder   5	Principal's questionnaire
Box   7 Folder   6-9	Teacher/Counselor questionnaire
Box   7 Folder   10	Teacher bigotry evaluation
Box   7 Folder   11-18	Student questionnaires
	Student evaluations
Box   7 Folder   19-26	Grades 1-5
Box   7 Folder   27	Grade 6
Box   8 Folder   1	Grade 6 (continued)
	William B. Travis Elementary School
Box   8 Folder   2	Principal's questionnaire
Box   8 Folder   3-4	Teacher/Counselor questionnaire
Box   8 Folder   5	Teacher bigotry evaluation
Box   8 Folder   6-13	Student questionnaires
Box   8 Folder   14-22	Student evaluations, grades 1-6
1236A/31-34	Wisconsin Cartoon Test interviews
Mss 790	Hartford, Connecticut
	Fred Wish Elementary School
Box   8 Folder   23	Principal's questionnaire
Box   8 Folder   24-25	Teacher/Counselor questionnaire
Box   8 Folder   26	Teacher bigotry evaluation
	Student questionnaires
Box   8 Folder   27-28	Grade 3
Box   9 Folder   1-7	Grades 4-6
Box   9 Folder   8-13	Student evaluations, Grades 1-6
	Mark Twain Elementary School
Box   9 Folder   14	Principal's questionnaire
Box   9 Folder   15-17	Teacher/Counselor questionnaire
Box   9 Folder   18	Teacher bigotry evaluation
Box   9 Folder   19-26	Student questionnaires
Box   10 Folder   1-6	Student evaluations, Grades 1-6
1236A/35-41	Wisconsin Cartoon Test interviews
	Hopkinsville, Kentucky
1236A/42	Interviews
Mss 790	Jacksonville, Florida
	Grand Park Elementary School
Box   10 Folder   7	Principal's questionnaire
Box   10 Folder   8-10	Teacher/Counselor questionnaire
Box   10 Folder   11	Teacher bigotry evaluation
Box   10 Folder   12-20	Student questionnaires, Grades 3-6
	Student evaluations
Box   10 Folder   21-24	Grades 1-3
Box   11 Folder   1-4	Grades 4-6
	Mattie V. Rutherford Elementary School
Box   11 Folder   5	Principal's questionnaire
Box   11 Folder   6-7	Teacher/Counselor questionnaire
Box   11 Folder   8	Teacher bigotry evaluation
Box   11 Folder   9-15	Student questionnaires, Grades 3-6
Box   11 Folder   16-22	Student evaluations, Grades 1-6
	Interviews
Box   11 Folder   23	Transcripts
1236A/43-56	Wisconsin Cartoon Test interviews
Mss 790	Paducah, Kentucky
	Central Elementary School
Box   12 Folder   1	Principal's questionnaire
Box   12 Folder   2-4	Teacher/Counselor questionnaire
Box   12 Folder   5	Teacher bigotry evaluation
Box   12 Folder   6-13	Student questionnaires, Grades 3-6
Box   12 Folder   14-21	Student evaluation, Grades 1-6
	Jackson Elementary School
Box   12 Folder   22	Principal's questionnaire
Box   12 Folder   23-24	Teacher/Counselor questionnaire
Box   13 Folder   1	Teacher/Counselor questionnaire (continued)
Box   13 Folder   2	Teacher bigotry evaluation
Box   13 Folder   3-10	Student questionnaires, Grades 3-6
Box   13 Folder   11-17	Student evaluations, Grades 1-6
	Northside Elementary School
Box   13 Folder   18	Principal's questionnaire
Box   13 Folder   19	Teacher/Counselor questionnaire
Box   13 Folder   20	Teacher bigotry evaluation
	Student questionnaires
Box   13 Folder   21-25	Grades 3-5
Box   14 Folder   1-3	Grade 6
Box   14 Folder   4-9	Student evaluations, Grades 1-6
	Interviews
Box   14 Folder   10	Transcripts
1236A/70	Recorded interview with teachers at Central Elementary School
1236A/71-74	Wisconsin Cartoon Test interviews
Mss 790	Pensacola, Florida
	A.A. Dixon Elementary School
Box   19 Folder   4	Principal's questionnaire
Box   19 Folder   5	Teacher/Counselor questionnaire
Box   19 Folder   6	Teacher bigotry evaluation
	Student questionnaires
Box   19 Folder   7-9	Grades 3-4
Box   14 Folder   11-15	Grades 4-6
Box   14 Folder   16-22	Student evaluations, Grades 1-6
	P.K. Younge Elementary School
Box   14 Folder   23	Principal's questionnaire
Box   14 Folder   24-25	Teacher/Counselor questionnaire
Box   14 Folder   26	Teacher bigotry evaluation
	Student questionnaires
Box   14 Folder   27	Grade 3
Box   15 Folder   1-4	Grades 4-6
Box   15 Folder   5-11	Student evaluations, Grades 1-6
	West Pensacola Elementary School
Box   15 Folder   12	Principal's questionnaire
Box   15 Folder   13-15	Teacher/Counselor questionnaire
Box   15 Folder   16	Teacher bigotry evaluation
	Student questionnaires
Box   15 Folder   17-22	Grades 3-5
Box   16 Folder   1-2	Grade 6
Box   16 Folder   3-11	Student evaluations, Grades 1-6
	Interviews
Box   16 Folder   12	Transcripts
1236A/57-58	Miscellaneous recorded interviews with students, teachers and parents of Younge School
1236A/59-61	Miscellaneous recorded interviews with Younge School personnel (also including cartoon tests)
1236A/62-69	Wisconsin Cartoon Test interviews
Mss 790	Richmond, California
	Belding Elementary School
Box   11 Folder   24	Principal's questionnaire
Box   11 Folder   25	Teacher bigotry evaluation
	Student questionnaires
Box   11 Folder   26	Grade 3
Box   16 Folder   13-19	Grade 3-6
	Student evaluations
Box   16 Folder   20-23	Grades 1-4
Box   17 Folder   1-2	Grades 5-6
	Peres Elementary School
Box   17 Folder   3	Principal's questionnaire
Box   17 Folder   4	Teacher/Counselor questionnaire
Box   17 Folder   5	Teacher bigotry evaluation
	Student questionnaires
Box   17 Folder   6-8	Grades 3-4
Box   18 Folder   1-4	Grades 5-6
	Student evaluations
Box   18 Folder   5-6	Grades 1-3
Box   19 Folder   1-3	Grades 4-6