F. Ryan Duffy Papers, 1906-1979


Summary Information
Title: F. Ryan Duffy Papers
Inclusive Dates: 1906-1979

Creator:
  • Duffy, F. Ryan, 1888-1979
Call Number: Mss 679; Audio 992A; Micro 1086; PH 3659

Quantity: 10.4 c.f. (27 archives boxes), 1 tape recording, 3 reels of microfilm (35 mm), and photographs

Repository:
Archival Locations:
Wisconsin Historical Society (Map)

Abstract:
Papers of F. Ryan Duffy, a Democratic U.S. senator (1932-1938) and federal judge for the Eastern District of Wisconsin (1939-1949) and U.S. Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit (1949-1978), consisting of biographical material, correspondence, campaign material, legislative and judicial files, and speeches. General correspondence (1933-1973) deals with such subjects as his law firm, honors, politics, personal matters, reunions, and trips. Campaign material covers Duffy's election bids for the U.S. Senate, as well as general Wisconsin politics during the period. On Duffy's Senate career there is correspondence about various events and issues and files on patronage and legislation written or supported by Duffy. His work on copyright legislation is especially well represented.

Language: English

URL to cite for this finding aid: http://digital.library.wisc.edu/1711.dl/wiarchives.uw-whs-mss00679
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Biography/History

Former Democratic senator and federal court judge Francis Ryan Duffy was born on June 23, 1888 in Fond du Lac, Wisconsin, the son of Francis F. Duffy and Hattie E. Ryan. In 1906 he graduated from Fond du Lac High School, where he was president of his class and a member of the debating, track, and baseball teams. As a student at the University of Wisconsin, Duffy was also active on the track and cross-country teams and as a member of the debating team won the William F. Vilas Medal. At the time of his graduation in 1910 he was also president of his class. One of the lasting contributions made by this class was the “Sifting and winnowing” academic freedom placque now on South Hall. Although the Board of Regents originally opposed the class memorial, Duffy was instrumental in its installation in 1915.

Duffy attended the University of Wisconsin law school, graduating in 1912. He then practiced law with his father in Fond du Lac in the firm Duffy & Duffy. In 1917 Duffy volunteered for service in the army. Commissioned as a captain, he was stationed at Fort Brown on the Mexican border. There he was in charge of Regular Army Truck Co. # 20. Duffy then served fourteen months in France in the AEF in the Motor Transport Corps. He was discharged with the rank of major after 25 months in the service.

After the war Duffy again practiced law in partnership with his father and John P. McGalloway in Fond du Lac in the firm Duffy & McGalloway. In 1922, Duffy and his father joined Russell E. Hanson in a partnership first known as Duffy & Duffy and later as Duffy, Duffy, & Hanson.

In 1922 Duffy also was elected commander of the Wisconsin Department of the American Legion; from 1923 through 1924 he served as national vice commander. During the years 1922-1924 he was also a member of the National Executive Committee of the American Legion.

Through his work in the American Legion, Duffy gradually became interested and involved in national politics. In 1932 he ran for the U.S. Senate and was swept into office by the Democratic landslide, defeating Republican John B. Chapple. Ideologically affiliated with the national Democratic administration Duffy was often in disagreement with the more conservative Democrats who dominated his party in Wisconsin. His position in Wisconsin became even more difficult when the liberal Progressives with whom he had much in common swept to power in the state in 1934.

In the Senate Duffy served on the Foreign Relations, Military Affairs, Appropriations, Patents, Interoceanic Canals, and Privileges and Elections committees. As a result of his work on the Patents Committee, Duffy sponsored copyright legislation which succeeded in passing the Senate, but which died in the House. Duffy was also responsible for the attempt to involve the United States in the International Copyright Union. In 1935, he was a member of the official good will party to the Far East. He also was a member of the Board of Visitors of the United States Military Academy at West Point. In 1937 Duffy was chosen as one of three World War I veterans in the Senate to dedicate American battle monuments in Europe. In this connection he made the dedicatory address at the American chapel in Flanders Field, Belgium.

Duffy ran again for the Senate in 1938, but was defeated in a three-way battle between Republican Alexander Wiley and Progressive Herman Ekern. For a short time after his defeat, Duffy resumed his law practice with Russell Hanson in Fond du Lac. In June 1939, however, President Roosevelt appointed him United States District Judge for the Eastern District of Wisconsin to succeed Judge Ferdinand A. Geiger. While judge, Duffy served on the Bankruptcy and Judicial Retirement and Tenure committees of the Judicial Conference of the United States. Ten years later after the death of Judge Evan A. Evans, President Truman appointed Duffy judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit. Between 1954 and 1959, Duffy acted as chief judge of the court. In 1966, he took on the semi-retired status of Senior Circuit Judge. Duffy retired from the court in 1978.

One of Duffy's long-term interests was the Legal Aid Society of Milwaukee. He was elected to its board of directors in 1946 and served as president in 1960. Other hobbies included golf, hunting, and fishing. Duffy married Louise Haydon of Springfield, Kentucky, in 1918. They were the parents of four children - Ann, Haydon, James, and F. Ryan Jr.

F. Ryan Duffy died on August 16, 1979 at the age of 91.

Scope and Content Note

The collection consists chiefly of records from F. Ryan Duffy's senatorial and judicial careers. The material covers his life from 1906 when he graduated from high school to his death, with the majority covering the 1932-1960 period. There is little truly personal material in the collection, although his personality can be studied using his correspondence and speeches. The collection consists of biographical material, campaign material, general correspondence, speeches, and judicial and legislative files.

The collection begins with BIOGRAPHICAL MATERIAL and includes biographical sketches written for newspapers and Who's Who volumes, memorabilia, and an anecdotal oral history interview conducted by Milwaukee Journal reporter Richard L. Kenyon concerning Harry Truman and other famous people with whom Duffy was acquainted. Also included are numerous daybooks and diaries from the period 1935 through 1970. Although the 1939 volume is missing, two books exist for 1938 and additional extracts are available for 1935-1936 and 1951. Scrapbooks of clippings primarily from Duffy's legislative and judicial career are available on microfilm. These begin in 1906 and end in 1969. The first two scrapbooks, which cover the period 1906-1913, are more personal and cover his high school and college days. The originals of the volumes which contained photographs are available in the Visual and Sound Archives, as are the loose photographs contained in the papers. Scrapbook 4 entitled “War Record, 1917-1919” consists largely of orders and military papers, although there a few letters are included. Most notable is a lengthy letter to Mrs. Duffy describing postwar conditions in France.

CAMPAIGN MATERIAL, which is arranged chronologically, consists primarily of correspondence. Included are materials on Duffy's 1932 and 1938 campaigns as well as general information on Wisconsin politics during the intervening years. Included from the 1932 campaign are itineraries for speaking engagements, bulletins and press releases, a list of Duffy workers, support and congratulatory letters, and letters to and from constituents. Material on Wisconsin politics for 1936-1938 includes statistics on the 1936 gubernatorial and presidential races, correspondence, and the Democratic platform. Information on finances of the Democratic party in Wisconsin, together with statistics and lists of contributions in the files of John J. Slocum are also included, as well as correspondence concerning the condition of the Democratic Party in 1938 and its convention. The material for Duffy's 1938 contest begins with correspondence concerning a testimonial dinner in February 1938. Also included is material on the announcement of his candidacy; endorsement resolutions from various state groups; correspondence on the management of the campaign; campaign literature; material about a potential opponent (General Ralph M. Immell) and actual opponents (Alexander Wiley and Herman Ekern); consolation letters; and correspondence and clippings concerning Samuel B. Corr, Secretary-Treasurer for Duffy's campaign, and his indictment for embezzlement in 1939. General information pertaining to both 1932 and 1938 campaigns are also included--election statistics, by county; financial statements, including an investigation in 1938 into the Duffy for Senator Club; and nomination papers (mostly 1932) and correspondence with circulators. This latter material which discusses information on Duffy's chances for victory in 1932 provides the best evidence in the collection on what Wisconsinites thought in that politically significant year.

The SENATE FILES include general and patronage correspondence and legislative files. The general correspondence, arranged alphabetically by subject, covers many topics, such as the appointment of Hugo Black to the Supreme Court in 1937 and the opposition of Duffy's constituents; Raymond J. Cannon, a Wisconsin congressman; and the “Cheese War” (1938) arranged by Duffy between New York and Wisconsin cheeses. Other interesting topics include the rumors of Duffy's recall in 1935 and a controversy over Elmer Serl, a farmer, and a Liberty League brochure in 1936 that gained national attention.

Correspondence concerning patronage is arranged alphabetically by name. Many names stand out for their importance to Wisconsin politics - Arthur Altmeyer, Carl R. Becker, John M. Comeford, L. Hugo Keller, Otto LaBudde, Henry Schwallbach, and John J. Slocum. Also included is a file on Patrick T. Stone, a federal judge and Duffy's brother-in-law.

The files concerning legislation introduced or supported by Duffy are arranged alphabetically by subject. The material consists of correspondence, marked copies of the legislation, and occasional research material. The largest collection of material concerns Duffy's copyright bill. Here may be found research material; correspondence with constituents, supporters, and Wallace McClure of the State Department (1935); and suggestions for changes from Mary Bendelari of the National Council of Design and others. The same type of material, though less of it, is included on the copyright treaty with which Duffy was also concerned.

The JUDICIAL FILES primarily cover the years 1939-1959, but some of the material extends to 1973. Included are reports, statistics, and legislation on bankruptcy cases (1940-1945), and material (1943-1947) on the Referees Salary Bill from the Bankruptcy Committee on which Duffy served. Files for cases for which Duffy wrote an opinion are arranged alphabetically by the title. The material in the files includes correspondence between judges, drafts of opinions, notes, court orders, and an occasional letter from a prisoner. Additional correspondence about matters that concerned Duffy as a judge or which were judicial in nature is also filed here. Examples include the Chandler Act (1939-1940), rules and appropriations for juries, and the Selective Service Act of 1940. The researcher is cautioned that there may be gaps in some of this correspondence.

Also included are form letters Duffy used as a judge, lists of his cases, and notes and instructions on his cases. The latter are divided into civil and criminal and then arranged alphabetically, with a special section under civil notes and instructions on automobile cases. Included also are statistics on Duffy's cases, such as citations used for his opinions and lists of cases appealed to the Circuit Court of Appeals and the Supreme Court.

GENERAL CORRESPONDENCE contains several categories, such as Army and Navy commissions, arranged alphabetically (which contains correspondence from people wanting Duffy to help them get commissions) and correspondence between Duffy and his law partner, Russell Hanson (1934-1941). A political file (1934-1953) is included, which contains correspondence on the Democratic Party in Wisconsin and federal elections, with Senator Joseph R. McCarthy, and with various judges around the state seeking Duffy's support for their elections. Within the reunion correspondence, for the 1950 and 1955 reunions from the University of Wisconsin, is material on the bronze plaque installed on Bascom Hall.

There is also correspondence (1938-1952) between Duffy and people seeking support from him for post-office jobs based on his past influence as a Senator, as well as letters from people serving in World War II (“V” Mail) and from famous people. The “V.I.P.” correspondence is arranged according to the status or location of the person (i.e., the White House--secretary to the President), and then by year. Duffy included lists of the letters with name, date of letter, and number received for easier reference.

SPEECHES made by Duffy form a part of this collection and cover the years 1934-1971. They are arranged chronologically and include the final draft and the notecards. Almost half of the material covers Duffy's years in the Senate, especially the years 1936-1938, when he was running for re-election. The rest of the speeches cover the period through 1971.

Administrative/Restriction Information
Acquisition Information

Presented by F. Ryan Duffy and Mrs. Louise H. Duffy, and by Don Woods, Milwaukee, 1966-1981. Accession Number: M66-262, M66-224, M72-164, M72-190, M72-219, M69-302, M73-375, M73-381, M73-258, M81-720


Processing Information

Processed by Barbara Gilson and Carolyn J. Mattern, 1986.


Contents List
Mss 679
Series: Biographical Material
Box   1
Folder   1
Biographical sketches
Daybooks and Diaries
Box   1
Folder   2-9
1935-1942
Box   2
Folder   1-10
1943-1952
Loose Papers
Box   2
Folder   11
1935-1936, 1951
Box   3
1953-1962
Box   4
Folder   1-8
1963-1970
Box   4
Folder   9-10
Memorabilia
Audio 992A
Interview, 1973
Micro 1086
Scrapbooks (Filmed without a counter)
Reel   1
Volume 1, 1906-1910
Reel   1
Volume 2, 1906-1913
Reel   1
Volume 3, 1914-1924
Reel   1
Volume 4, War Record, 1917-1919
Reel   1
Volume 5, 1932 (In two parts)
Reel   1
Volume 6, 1932-1938
Reel   2
Volume 7, 1933-1935
Reel   2
Volume 8, 1936-1937
Reel   2
Volume 9, 1937
Reel   2
Volume 10, 1938
Reel   2
Volume 11, 1939
Reel   2
Volume 12, 1938-1952
Reel   3
Volume 13, 1939-1946
Reel   3
Volume 14, 1953-1957
Reel   3
Volume 15, 1957-1962
Reel   3
Volume 16, 1962
Reel   3
Volume 17, 1960-1969
Reel   3
Volume 18, 1966
PH 3659
Photographs
Scope and Content Note: Photographs, albums, and album pages, including newspaper clippings, related to F. Ryan Duffy's years as a student at the University of Wisconsin and his political and judicial careers.
Mss 679
Series: Campaign Material, 1932-1938
, 1932 Duffy campaign
Box   5
Folder   1
General campaign material, 1932
Box   5
Folder   2
Democratic workers, 1932
Box   5
Folder   3-4
Support and congratulations, 1932
Box   5
Folder   5
Constituent correspondence, 1932-1933
, 1936-1938 Wisconsin politics
Box   5
Folder   6
Wisconsin politics, 1936
Box   5
Folder   7
Democratic Party finances (Slocum file), 1937-1938
Box   5
Folder   8
Democratic Party, Wisconsin, 1938
Box   5
Folder   9
Democratic state convention, 1938
, 1938 Duffy campaign
Testimonial dinner, 1938 February 7
Box   5
Folder   10
Arrangements
Box   5
Folder   11
Ceremony
Box   5
Folder   12
Post-dinner
Box   5
Folder   13
Announcement of candidacy, 1938
Box   6
Folder   1
Endorsement resolutions, 1938
Box   6
Folder   2
Campaign material
Opponents
Box   6
Folder   3
Ralph M. Immell
Box   6
Folder   4
Alexander Wiley
Box   6
Folder   4
Herman Ekern
Box   6
Folder   5
Consolation letters, 1938
Box   6
Folder   6
Sam Corr, Embezzlement charges, 1939
General, 1932 and 1938
Box   6
Folder   7
Election statistics
Box   6
Folder   8
Financial statements
Box   6
Folder   9
Nomination papers and correspondence
Series: Senate Files
Subseries: Correspondence
Box   6
Folder   10
Black, Hugo - Appointment to Supreme Court, 1937
Box   6
Folder   11
Cannon, Raymond J., 1936-1938
Box   6
Folder   12
“Cheese War,” 1938
Box   6
Folder   13
Duffy recall, 1935
Box   7
Folder   1
Family (Duffy) broadcast, 1937
Box   7
Folder   2
Judge Geiger - Impeachment, 1938
Box   7
Folder   3
Ralph Immell - W.P.A. appointment, 1935
Box   7
Folder   4
Mileage compensation, 1933-1935
Box   7
Folder   5
Military Affairs Committee--Panama Canal, 1936
Box   7
Folder   6
Press releases, 1938
Box   7
Folder   7
Serl Liberty League pamphlet, 1936
Trips
Box   7
Folder   8
France--Battle monuments, 1937
Box   7
Folder   9
Philippines, 1935
Subseries: Patronage, 1933-1938
Box   7
Folder   10-16
A - C
Box   8
D - Slocum
Box   9
Folder   1
Patrick T. Stone
Subseries: Legislation, 1933-1938
Box   9
Folder   2
General legislation, 1936-1937
Box   9
Folder   3
Agriculture bill, 1935
Box   9
Folder   4
A.A.A. amendment, 1933
Box   9
Folder   5
Conservation of soil resources, 1936
Copyright bill
Research material
Box   9
Folder   6
Arnstein, Ira, 1931
Box   9
Folder   7
Evidence, 1931-1937
Box   9
Folder   8
Hess, Robert, 1934-1937
Correspondence, 1934-1938
Box   9
Folder   9-10
McClure, Wallace, 1935
Box   9
Folder   11
Status, 1935-1938
Suggestions for change
Box   9
Folder   12-13
1934-1938
Box   10
Folder   1
Mary Bendelari, 1935
Box   10
Folder   2
Support, 1935-1937
Box   10
Folder   3
Hearings, 1936-1937
Legislation
Box   10
Folder   4
Senate Bill 2465, 1935
Box   10
Folder   5
Senate Bill 3047, 1935-1937
Box   10
Folder   6
Senate Bill 7, 1937
Box   10
Folder   7
Notes and statements, 1935-1937
Box   10
Folder   8
Reports from lobbyists
Copyright Treaty
Box   10
Folder   9
Research, undated
Correspondence
Box   10
Folder   10-12
1934-1936
Box   11
Folder   1-2
1937-1938
Box   11
Folder   3
Printers and publishers, 1938
Box   11
Folder   4
Support, undated
Box   11
Folder   5
Legislation, 1934-1938
Box   11
Folder   6
Court reporters, 1937
Box   11
Folder   7
Daughters of the G.A.R., 1933-1934
Box   11
Folder   8-9
Exemptions from undistributed profits tax, 1937-1938
Box   11
Folder   10
Farm bill, 1937
Box   11
Folder   11
Farm loan, 1934
Box   11
Folder   12
Federal Trade Commission, 1935
Box   11
Folder   13
Food and Drug Act - Amendment, 1937
Box   11
Folder   14
Fur-bearing animals, 1937
Box   11
Folder   15
Homeowners Loan Acts, 1934-1936
Box   12
Folder   1
Reamortization of mortgages, 1937
Box   12
Folder   2
Indian appropriations - Amendment, 1934
Box   12
Folder   3
Jurors on criminal cases, Exhibitions by, 1935
Box   12
Folder   4
Marquette University, 1934
Box   12
Folder   5
Menominee Indians, 1937
Box   12
Folder   6
Recovery program - Amendments, 1938
Box   12
Folder   7
R.O.T.C/West Point, 1935
Box   12
Folder   8
Revenue Act - Amendments, 1934-1936, 1934-1936
Box   12
Folder   9
Social Security Act - Amendment, 1937-1938
Box   12
Folder   10
Taxes - Property in receivership, 1935
Box   12
Folder   11
U.S. postage and revenue stamps for philatelic purposes, 1935-1938
Box   12
Folder   12
V.F.W. - Manitowoc Lighthouse, 1937-1938
Box   12
Folder   13
War Department Civil Functions - Amendment, 1938
Box   12
Folder   14
Wisconsin National Life Insurance Company, 1935-1936
Box   12
Folder   15
World War Adjusted Compensation Act, 1937
Box   13
Folder   1
Subseries: Duffy bills and votes (73rd-75th Congress)
Series: Judicial Files
Bankruptcy
Box   13
Folder   2
Reports, Statistics, Legislation, 1940-1945
Box   13
Folder   3-4
Committee work - Referees Salaries, 1943-1947
Box   13
Folder   5
Calendars - District Court, 1945-1949
Case files
Box   13
Folder   6-8
A - Cole
Box   14
Coll - Nat'l B
Box   15
Nat'l L - Un
Box   16
Folder   1
Vi-Zi
Correspondence
Box   16
Folder   2
Arms plant condemnations, 1941-1945
Box   16
Folder   3
Chandler Act, 1939-1940
Investiture
Box   16
Folder   4
Pre-planning, 1937-1939
Box   16
Folder   5
Induction, District Judge, 1939
Box   16
Folder   6
Congratulations, District Judge, 1939
Box   16
Folder   7
Induction, Appeals Court, 1949
Box   16
Folder   8
Chief Judge congratulations, 1954
Jury
Box   16
Folder   9-10
General, 1939-1948
Box   16
Folder   11
Appropriations, 1959
Box   16
Folder   12
Selective Service Act of 1940, 1940-1947
Box   16
Folder   13
War and defense, 1941-1945
Box   16
Folder   14-15
Form letter book, undated
Lists of cases and notes, 1939-1949
Box   17
Folder   1-4
1939-1947 January
Box   18
Folder   1
1949 October-1949 January
Notes and instructions
Civil notes and instructions
Box   18
Folder   2-3
Book I - Automobiles
Box   18
Folder   4-7
Book II-V - A-Z
Civil instructions and verdicts
Box   18
Folder   8
Volume I
Box   19
Folder   1-4
Volume II - IV
Criminal notes and instructions
Box   19
Folder   5-7
Book I-III - A-L
Box   20
Folder   1-3
Book IV-VI - M-Z
Miscellany
Box   20
Folder   4
Citations for use in writing opinions, undated
Box   20
Folder   5
District Court opinions, Classified by subject with a list of citations, undated
Box   20
Folder   6
Notes on the Lange tax case, 1946
Box   20
Folder   7
Cases appealed to Circuit Court of Appeals and Supreme Court, undated
Series: General Correspondence, 1933-1973
Army and Navy commissions, 1939-1944
Box   20
Folder   8
A-Go
Box   21
Folder   1-2
Gr-Z
Duffy, Duffy, & Hanson
Box   21
Folder   3
Correspondence, 1934-1940
Box   21
Folder   4
Records, 1934-1941
Honors
Box   21
Folder   5
American Legion, 1943
Honorary degrees
Box   21
Folder   6
University of Wisconsin, 1952
Box   21
Folder   6
DePaul University, 1955
Box   21
Folder   7
New York University, 1965
Box   21
Folder   8
Testimonial dinner, 1966
Box   21
Folder   9
Distinguished Alumnus award, 1968
Box   21
Folder   10
Alumnus of the year, 1969
Box   21
Folder   11
Miscellany
Personal
Box   21
Folder   12
F. Ryan Duffy Jr., 1938-1946
Box   21
Folder   13
Get-well correspondence, 1954
Box   21
Folder   14
Golden wedding anniversary, circa 1969
Box   21
Folder   15-16
Miscellaneous, 1933-1973
Box   21
Folder   17
Taylor Manufacturing Company, circa 1941-1946
Box   21
Folder   18
WMAW, 1948
Box   22
Folder   1
Political file, 1934-1953
Box   22
Folder   2
Post Office, 1938-1952
Reunions
Box   22
Folder   3
Fond du Lac High School - 50th, 1956
Box   22
Folder   4-6
University of Wisconsin, 1950-1970
Trips
Box   22
Folder   7
Hawaii, 1935
Box   22
Folder   8
Panama Canal, 1939
Box   22
Folder   9
Kentucky and Washington, D.C., 1939
Box   22
Folder   10
Guatemala, 1950
Box   22
Folder   11
“V” Mail, 1943-1945
“V.I.P.” Correspondence, 1933-1952
Box   22
Folder   12-13
White House, 1933-1952
Congress
Box   22
Folder   14
1933-1938
Box   23
Folder   1
, 1933-1938 (continued)
Box   23
Folder   2-4
Government, 1933-1938
Series: Speeches, 1934-1969
Box   23
Folder   5-9
1934-1937 May
Box   24
Folder   1
1937 June-September
Box   24
Folder   2
1937 October
Box   24
Folder   3
1938 January-May
Box   24
Folder   4
1938 June
Box   24
Folder   5
1938 July-August 8
Box   24
Folder   6
1938 August 10-October 8
Box   24
Folder   7
1938 October 10-November
Box   24
Folder   8
1939 March-1940 May
Box   25
1941 June-1957 February
Box   26
1957 April-1965 November
Box   27
1966 March-1971 January