Look Magazine Records, 1948-1966


Summary Information
Title: Look Magazine Records
Inclusive Dates: 1948-1966

Creator:
  • Look Magazine
Call Number: U.S. Mss 190AF

Quantity: 9.8 c.f. (25 archives boxes)

Repository:
Archival Locations:
Wisconsin Historical Society (Map)

Abstract:
Records and correspondence of one of America's leading photo journalistic periodicals, Included are correspondence, financial records, legal files, minutes, reports, speech files, story proposals, interbureau communications, personnel records, in-house publications and production reports, and other documents. Routine correspondence makes up roughly half of the collection.

Language: English

URL to cite for this finding aid: http://digital.library.wisc.edu/1711.dl/wiarchives.uw-whs-us0190af
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Biography/History

From 1937 to 1971 Look magazine was one of the largest and most influential high circulation magazines in America. It was distributed to newsstands every week and had a subscriber circulation of 7.75 million by the middle of the 1960s. In its best year, the advertising revenue of Look reached $80 million. In 1971 the magazine's founder commented that Look “tried to be serious without being solemn, entertaining without being frivolous, angry without being bitter, and hopeful without being complacent.”

Look was founded in 1937 by Gardner “Mike” Cowles and his brother John. It was an outgrowth of a publishing formula which the Cowles brothers had developed on the family owned Des Moines (Iowa) Register and Tribune newspaper. The formula was based on the belief that public interest could be stimulated in almost any topic if it was presented properly. The Cowles brothers believed that picture-language was the most effective way of reaching and informing great numbers of people.

The Cowles experiment with a picture-language format on the Des Moines Sunday Register was so successful that the next step was to launch a national magazine using the same technique. The first issue of Look went on sale on newsstands throughout the United States in January 1937 promising “200 pictures...1,001 facts.” First as a monthly, then as a biweekly, it concentrated initially on fads, fashions, celebrities, and sports figures. After World War II, Gardner Cowles directed the magazine in a more serious and ambitious vein. While Look did not cover immediate news, it managed to produce illuminating stories from Washington, and became editorially concerned with many major issues of the day. As early as 1947 it ran Elliott Roosevelt's memorable interviews with Joseph Stalin and later produced respected social commentary on “The South v. the Supreme Court” (1956) and “The Blacks and the Whites” (1969). Look also featured topical and dramatic coverage of such stories as poverty in American and the Vietnam War. The magazine serialized William Manchester's The Death of a President in 1967 and helped make William L. Shirer's The Rise and Fall of the Third Reich a best seller by publishing extracts of the main text. Indicative of Look's authority and stature was the fact that it was one of the most widely quoted periodicals in the United States. Also noteworthy was Look's roster of distinguished contributors including Adlai Stevenson, Fulton Sheen, Norman Vincent Peale, Robert E. Sherwood, Earl Warren, Bertrand Russell, and Ernest Hemingway.

By the mid 1960s, rising paper and printing costs cut deeply into Look's revenues, and television progressively siphoned off potential advertising. Beginning in 1965 Look's advertising revenues declined steadily putting the magazine into a deficit by 1969. Drastic economy moves and a cutback in circulation failed to generate sufficient savings to keep the publication solvent. Citing loss of revenue, a recessionary economy, and spiraling postal costs, Gardner Cowles announced the magazine would cease publication with its October 19, 1971 issue. The abrupt demise of one of the nation's two leading photo-journalistic periodicals, after 34 years of publication, saddened its many admirers in the press and public.

Scope and Content Note

The major portion of the papers cover the years between 1951 and 1961. The collection offers information on media influence on popular opinion, on cultural trends, and on the socio-economic developments of the 1950s and early 1960s. Some of the interoffice correspondence, the speech files, and the internal affairs files present in a fragmentary manner the everyday life and activities of a large circulation magazine of the period, and the thoughts and philosophies of the people who ran the enterprise. The collection contains some information on the business activities of Look and hints at the role the magazine may have played in the political or social life of the United States but may frustrate researchers seeking a more comprehensive source of data. These records comprise the initial and perhaps the only installment of the Look collection. The collection is divided into seven record series: The Gardner Cowles papers; the Daniel Mich papers, the William Arthur papers; the William Attwood papers; Interbureau Correspondence; Internal Affairs Files; and Special Project Files. An appendix to this finding aid notes prominent correspondents.

The Gardner Cowles record series consists of a General Correspondence file of letters and memos written between 1953 and 1961. The subject matter is generally routine with relatively little insight into business activities.

The Daniel Mich record series is divided into five subgroups: General Correspondence; Executive Correspondence; Subject File Correspondence; Biographical Data; and Speech File. From the middle 1950s until the early 1960s, Mich served as editorial director for Look. The subgroups containing Executive Correspondence and the Speech File are the most interesting in terms of reflecting business activities and the state of magazine journalism during the 1950s.

The William Arthur series is arranged in seven subgroups: General Correspondence; Rejection Notices; Executive Correspondence; Subject File Correspondence; Legal Files; Speech Files; and Expense Accounts. From the early 1950s until cessation of publication Arthur served as managing editor of Look. The General Correspondence and Rejection Files tend to overlap in the sense that most of the General Correspondence concerns refusals to story ideas and social engagements sponsored by agencies and promotional groups. The Rejection File contains rejections which were given a higher priority than those in General Correspondence. The Executive Correspondence and Subject File Correspondence give a wide, if somewhat impressionistic, profile of the editor's activities. Legal Files contain documents including guild contracts which relate to wages, hours, and staff relations with the publication's management. Speech Files contain talks delivered by Arthur and others about Look in relation to American journalism. The Expense Account segment concerns William Arthur's business expenditures as editor. Subgroups are chronological.

William Attwood's association with the magazine as a writer dates from the early 1950s. In the late 1960s, he served as Look's editor in chief under Gardner Cowles. His Overseas Correspondence pertains to his accompanying Adlai Stevenson on a fact finding world tour in 1953. Of Special interest is Attwood's reflections on the Cold War and Asian resistance to Communism.

Interbureau Correspondence is divided according to city and arranged chronologically. The folders contain information on the business, editorial, and professional activities of Look's branch offices in the United States and around the world.

Internal Affairs Files are arranged alphabetically according to subject. This series is especially important because it contains article inventories, employment data, meeting minutes, and authorization list, promotion reports, readership reports, text analyses, research reports, and profit and loss statements. The records date from 1951 to 1966 but coverage is not complete or continuous in any category.

The Special Projects File series details story proposals. Subjects include Look's educational survey, the “Midwest package,” the “Mood of America package,” and “A Case for the American Woman.” The series dates from 1953 to 1960. The series gives a sample of story ideas considered topical during the period.

Administrative/Restriction Information
Acquisition Information

Presented by Cowles Communications, Inc., via Marvin C. Whatmore, Daytona Beach, Florida, 1976. Accession Number: MCHC76-083


Processing Information

Processed by Harold N. Pomainville and Joanne Hohler, 1981.


Contents List
Box   1
Folder   1-8
Series: Gardner Cowles Papers: General Correspondence, 1953-1961.
Series: Daniel Mich Papers
Subseries: General Correspondence
1959
Box   1
Folder   9-19
B-M.
Box   2
Folder   1-3
N-P.
Box   2
Folder   4-7
R-T, W.
1960
Box   2
Folder   8-20
D-P, R.
Box   3
Folder   1-2
S, W.
Subseries: Executive Correspondence
Box   3
Folder   3-4
Benneyan, George, 1954-1959.
Box   3
Folder   5
Berquist, Laura, c. 1957-1958.
Box   3
Folder   6
Botter, Dave, 1954-1959.
Box   3
Folder   7
Burke, Jerry, 1953-1961.
Box   3
Folder   8
Carbine, Pat, 1961.
Box   3
Folder   9
Coffin, Pat, 1955-1961.
Box   3
Folder   10
Collins, Dick, 1957-1961.
Box   3
Folder   11
Cohane, Tim, 1954-1961.
Box   3
Folder   12
Darrell, Margery, 1954-1957.
Box   3
Folder   13
Davidson, Bill, 1956-1961.
Box   3
Folder   14-15
Devanney, John, 1955-1959.
Box   3
Folder   16
Doland, Doris, 1956-1961.
Box   3
Folder   17
Dunbar, Ernie, 1958, 1961.
Box   4
Folder   1
Eeulls, George, 1954.
Box   4
Folder   2-3
Hamilton, Jack, 1954-1958.
Box   4
Folder   4
Hanson, Larry, 1957-1959.
Box   4
Folder   5-10
Harding, Jack, 1953-1961.
Box   4
Folder   11
Herrick, Jean, 1954-1961.
Box   4
Folder   12
Hoagland, Dan, 1960-1961.
Box   4
Folder   13
Huber, Don, 1954-1958.
Box   4
Folder   14
Hulbert, Al, 1954-1961.
Box   4
Folder   15-17
Interoffice, 1954-1961.
Box   4
Folder   18-20
Koether, George, 1953-1957.
Box   4
Folder   21
Maurer, Gil, 1957.
Box   5
Folder   1-2
Meyer, Fleur Cowles, 1953-1958.
Box   5
Folder   3
Meyers, Vern, 1953-1959.
Box   5
Folder   4
Milloy, James R., 1956-1961.
Box   5
Folder   5
Moskin, Robert, 1957-1961.
Box   5
Folder   6-8
Newsletter, 1958-1962.
Box   5
Folder   9
Peck, Ed, 1954.
Box   5
Folder   10
Perkins, Don, 1954-1959.
Box   5
Folder   11-13
Rosten, Leo, 1954-1961.
Box   5
Folder   14-19
Shapiro, S. O., 1952-1961.
Box   5
Folder   20
Squire, Jack, 1957.
Box   5
Folder   21
Seihler, Lester, 1958-1961.
Box   5
Folder   22
Wegge, George, 1954.
Box   5
Folder   23
Wickersham, Ben, 1953-1959.
Box   5
Folder   24
Williams, Gurney, 1954-1960.
Box   5
Folder   25
Wurzel, Joe, 1958.
Box   5
Folder   26
Zimmerman, Gerry, 1955-1958.
Subseries: Subject File Correspondence
Box   6
Folder   1
Minneapolis Star & Tribune, 1954-1960.
Box   6
Folder   2-3
William Morris Agency, 1957-1962.
Box   6
Folder   4
Movie Awards, 1955.
Box   6
Folder   5
Personnel Memos, 1953.
Box   6
Folder   6
Roosevelt, Eleanor, 1954-1959.
Box   6
Folder   7
Miscellaneous Memos, 1955-1959.
Box   6
Folder   8
Subseries: Biographical Sketch
Box   6
Folder   9-12
Subseries: Speeches, 1955-1957, 1961
Series: William Arthur Papers
Subseries: General Correspondence
Box   6
Folder   13
1948.
1956
Box   6
Folder   14-25
A-L.
Box   7
Folder   1-12
M-P, R-Z.
1957
Box   7
Folder   13-21
A-J.
Box   8
Folder   1-15
K-Z.
1958
Box   8
Folder   16-22
A-G.
Box   9
Folder   1-16
H-P, R-Z.
1959
Box   9
Folder   17-20
A-D.
Box   10
Folder   1-20
E-Z.
Subseries: Rejection Notices
1957
Box   10
Folder   21
A-F.
Box   11
Folder   1-3
G-Z.
Box   11
Folder   4-7
1958, A-Z.
Box   11
Folder   8-11
1959, A-Z.
Box   11
Folder   12-13
1962, A-L.
Box   11
Folder   14
Agents, 1956.
Box   12
Folder   1-2
1962, M-Z.
Box   12
Folder   3-6
1963, A-Z.
Box   12
Folder   7-10
1964, A-Z.
Subseries: Executive Correspondence
1956
Box   13
Folder   1-4
B-E.
Box   13
Folder   5-6
G-I.
Box   13
Folder   7-9
K-M.
Box   13
Folder   10-12
P, R-S.
Box   13
Folder   13-15
V-Z.
Box   13
Folder   16-17
Staff Memos, 1956, 1959.
Box   13
Folder   18
Allen, Rupert, 1958.
Box   13
Folder   19
Attwood, William, 1957-1960.
Box   13
Folder   20
Benneyan, George, 1957-1968.
Box   13
Folder   21
Berg, Roland, 1957-1960.
Box   13
Folder   22
Botter, Dave, 1957-1958.
Box   13
Folder   23
Burke, Jerry, 1957-1958.
Box   13
Folder   24
Coffin, Pat, 1957-1960.
Box   13
Folder   25
Cohane, Tim, 1957-1960.
Box   13
Folder   26
Cowles, Gardner, 1957-1960.
Box   13
Folder   27
Darrell, Margery, 1957.
Box   13
Folder   28
Davidson, Bill, 1957-1960.
Box   13
Folder   29-31
Devanney, John, 1954, 1956-1960.
Box   13
Folder   32
Doland, Doris, 1957-1960.
Box   13
Folder   33
Eeulls, George, 1957-1960.
Box   13
Folder   34
Freeman, Siler, 1958-1960.
Box   14
Folder   1
Haggerty, James, Jr., n.d.
Box   14
Folder   2
Hamilton, Jack, 1957-1960.
Box   14
Folder   3
Hanson, Larry, 1959-1960.
Box   14
Folder   4
Harding, Jack, 1957-1959.
Box   14
Folder   5
Huber, Don, 1957-1958.
Box   14
Folder   6
Grant, Joanna, 1958.
Box   14
Folder   7
Hurlburt, Al, 1953, 1957-1960.
Box   14
Folder   8
Koether, George, 1957-1958.
Box   14
Folder   9
Meyer, Fleur Cowles, 1958.
Box   14
Folder   10
Mich, Daiel, 1956-1960.
Box   14
Folder   11
Milloy, Jim, 1957-1960.
Box   14
Folder   12
Moskin, Robert, 1957-1958.
Box   14
Folder   13
Myers, Vern, 1958-1960.
Box   14
Folder   14
Perkins, Don, 1957, 1960.
Box   14
Folder   15
Robinson, Don, 1958.
Box   14
Folder   16
Rosten, Leo, 1957.
Box   14
Folder   17
Shapiro, S. O., 1956-1960.
Box   14
Folder   18
Shepard, Tom, 1957-1958.
Box   14
Folder   19
Hartsell, Spence, 1957-1959.
Box   14
Folder   20
Stevens, Ed., c. 1957.
Box   14
Folder   21
Suhler, Les, 1957-1958.
Box   14
Folder   22
Weber, Lois, 1958.
Box   14
Folder   23
Whatmore, Marvin, 1956-1960.
Box   14
Folder   24
Wickersham, Ben, 1957-1959.
Box   14
Folder   25
Wirsig, Woody, 1957.
Box   14
Folder   26
Wurzel, Joe, 1957-1959.
Box   14
Folder   27
Miscellaneous Memos, 1954-1961.
Subseries: Subject File Correspondence
Box   14
Folder   28
Associated Church Press, 1957.
Box   14
Folder   29
Brandt & Brandt, 1957.
Box   14
Folder   30
Curtis Brown, Inc., 1957-1958.
Box   14
Folder   31
Conant, Howell, 1959.
Box   15
Folder   1
Defense Department, 1956.
Box   15
Folder   2
Des Moines Register & Tribune, 1955-1960.
Box   15
Folder   3-5
Employment Applications, 1956-1957, 1962.
Box   15
Folder   6
Gallop, George, 1957-1958.
Box   15
Folder   7
Graham, Billy, 1957-1958.
Box   15
Folder   8-10
Magazine Publishers Association, 1957-1959.
Box   15
Folder   11
Matson Agency, 1958.
Box   15
Folder   12
Minneapolis Star and Tribune, 1957-1958.
Box   15
Folder   13
William Morris Agency, 1957.
Box   15
Folder   14
Harold Ober Associates, 1957-1958.
Box   15
Folder   15
Passports and Visas, 1956-1959.
Box   15
Folder   16-19
Peale, Norman Vincent, 1956-1959.
Box   16
Folder   1
Photographers, 1957-1960.
Box   16
Folder   2
Religious Magazine Survey, 1957.
Box   16
Folder   3
Rochester, New York, Photo conference, 1957.
Box   16
Folder   4
Sigma Delta Chi, 1957-1959.
Box   16
Folder   5
U.S.O., 1959.
Box   16
Folder   6-9
Writers, A-Z, 1957.
Box   16
Folder   10-13
Writers, A-Z, 1958.
Box   16
Folder   14-16
Writers, G-Z, 1959.
Box   16
Folder   17-20
Writers, A-Z, 1960.
Box   16
Folder   21-23
Interoffice Miscellany, 1958-1960.
Box   16
Folder   24-25
Subseries: Legal Files, 1951-1952, 1955-1960.
Subseries: Speech Files
Box   16
Folder   26
1956.
Box   17
Folder   1
1957.
Box   17
Folder   2-3
1958.
Box   17
Folder   4
Notes, c. 1958.
Box   17
Folder   5-6
1959-1961.
Subseries: Expense Accounts
Box   17
Folder   7-10
1951-1955.
Box   18
Folder   1-6
1956-1959.
Box   18
Folder   7-9
1962-1963, 1965.
Box   18
Folder   10-13
Series: William Attwood Papers: Overseas Correspondence, 1953.
Series: Interbureau Correspondence
Box   18
Folder   14-15
Chicago, 1956-1960.
Box   18
Folder   16
Des Moines, 1955-1961.
Box   18
Folder   17
London, 1959-1960.
Box   19
Folder   1-8
Los Angeles, 1956-1960.
Box   19
Folder   9
Moscow, 1956-1958.
Box   20
Folder   1-2
Paris, 1956-1960.
Box   20
Folder   3
Philadelphia, 1957.
Box   20
Folder   4-7
San Francisco, 1956-1961.
Box   20
Folder   8-10
Washington, D. C., 1956-1960.
Series: Internal Affairs Files
Box   20
Folder   11
Administrative, 1955.
Box   20
Folder   12
Advertisers, 1954.
Box   20
Folder   13
All America Football Award, 1955.
Box   20
Folder   14
Art Series, c. 1956-1957.
Box   20
Folder   15-18
Article Inventory, 1952-1953, 1955, 1957, 1960.
Box   20
Folder   19
Attitude Survey, c. 1954.
Box   20
Folder   20
Authorization List, 1954.
Box   20
Folder   21
Awards Received, 1956, 1961.
Box   20
Folder   22
Book Report, 1954.
Box   20
Folder   23
Community Home Achievement Awards, 1956.
Box   20
Folder   24-25
Circulation Reports, 1956-1957.
Box   20
Folder   26
Circulation Promotion, 1957-1958.
Box   21
Folder   1
Dates Calendar, 1954.
Box   21
Folder   2
Editorial Conferences, 1956.
Box   21
Folder   3
Editorial Promotion, 1957-1958.
Box   21
Folder   4
Editorial Previews, 1958, 1961.
Box   21
Folder   5
Employees List, c. 1954.
Box   21
Folder   6-10
Employment Applications, 1954-1958.
Box   21
Folder   11
Events Calendar, 1954.
Box   21
Folder   12
Grantland Rice Trophies, 1954.
Box   21
Folder   13
Index, 1953, 1955.
Box   21
Folder   14
Inside Look, 1957.
Box   21
Folder   15
Library, c. 1953.
Box   21
Folder   16
Major Projects List, 1955.
Box   21
Folder   17
Meeting Minutes, 1954-1955.
Box   21
Folder   18
News Releases, 1957-1958.
Box   21
Folder   19
Operating Policy, 1953.
Box   21
Folder   20-21
Organization Chart, 1954-1955.
Box   21
Folder   22
Package Outline, 1955.
Box   21
Folder   23-24
Payroll Department, 1952-1954.
Box   21
Folder   25
Pending Material, 1954.
Box   21
Folder   26
Personnel (confidential), 1954, 1956.
Box   21
Folder   27
Personnel (editorial), 1951-1952.
Box   21
Folder   28-29
Personnel (general), 1954.
Box   22
Folder   1
Personnel (library), 1951-1952.
Box   22
Folder   2
Phone List, 1955-1956.
Box   22
Folder   3
Photographers, 1952.
Box   22
Folder   4
Photographic Budget, 1952.
Box   22
Folder   5
Picture Inventory, 1958.
Box   22
Folder   6
Picture Releases and Clearances, 1951-1952.
Box   22
Folder   7-8
Production Reports, 1957, 1960.
Box   22
Folder   9
Profit and Loss Statements, 1955.
Box   22
Folder   10
Promotional Memoranda, 1955-1957.
Box   22
Folder   11
Circulation Promotion Reports, n.d.
Box   22
Folder   12-14
Reader Mail Report, 1957, 1959-1960.
Box   22
Folder   15
Readership Report, 1954.
Box   22
Folder   16
Research Report, 1954.
Box   22
Folder   17
Staff Memos (general), 1956.
Box   22
Folder   18
State Department, 1957.
Box   22
Folder   19
Story Assignment Inventory, n.d.
Box   22
Folder   20
Telephone List, 1960.
Box   22
Folder   21
Television Awards, 1951-1955.
Box   23
Folder   1
Television Report, 1954.
Box   23
Folder   2
Text Analyses, 1953-1957.
Box   23
Folder   3
Vacation Schedule, 1956.
Box   23
Folder   4
Women's Department, 1956.
Box   23
Folder   5
Writer's Newsletter, 1957.
Box   23
Folder   6-10
Writer's Reports, 1957-1959, 1965-1966.
Box   23
Folder   11
Writer's Whereabouts, 1960.
Box   24
Folder   1-4
Story Assignments, 1955-1957.
Series: Special Projects File
Box   25
Folder   1
Adoption Mess, 1954-1955.
Box   25
Folder   2
American Federation of Advertisers Convention, n.d.
Box   25
Folder   3
All American Cities, 1959.
Box   25
Folder   4
America's Religions, 1960.
Box   25
Folder   5
Big Ten Story, 1956.
Box   25
Folder   6
California Package, 1959.
Box   25
Folder   7
Case for American Women, 1959.
Box   25
Folder   8
Civil War, 1958.
Box   25
Folder   9
Educational Survey, 1957.
Box   25
Folder   10
Educational Survey Supplement, 1957.
Box   25
Folder   11
Eisenhower, Dwight D., 1956.
Box   25
Folder   12
Hoover, Herbert, 1959.
Box   25
Folder   13
“Killed” Stories, 1953-1955.
Box   25
Folder   14
Midwest Package, n.d.
Box   25
Folder   15
Mood of America Package, 1959.
Box   25
Folder   16
Branch Rickey Story, 1957.
Box   25
Folder   17
Segregation, 1957.
Box   25
Folder   18
Self-made Millionaires, 1958.
Box   25
Folder   19
Stout, Rex, c. 1958.
Box   25
Folder   20
Texas Package, 1958.
Box   25
Folder   21
World War II Stories, 1958.
Box   25
Folder   22
Youth Survey, 1960.
Appendix: Prominent Correspondents
Name Date Box Folder
Braun, Wernher von 9 March 1959 16 4
Cantor, Eddie 1 June 1957 15 17
Castro, Fidel 3 February 1959 16 4
Douglas, Kirk 13 June 1956 6 17
Douglas, William O. 3 April 1959 1 10
Eisenhower, Dwight D. 1 May 1956 1 3
Gable, Clark 18 November 1955 1 2
Graham, Billy 11 July 1957 15 7
Harrington, Michael 14 March 1956 15 3
Hart, Moss 14 September 1959 1 4
Huie, William Brodford 11 May 1956 6 21
Kantor, Mackinlay 4 November 1959 1 17
23 February; 6 March; 21 June; 26 June; 9 September 1960 1 14
Kefauver, Estes 24 January 1956 6 24
9 September 1959 10 6
Keller, Helen 30 October 1957 8 1
Kennedy, John F. 27 May 1959 12 10
13 January 1960 2 14
King, David S. 16 June 1959 1 17
Lippman, Walter 25 September 1959 1 8
MacLaine, Shirley 23 May 1959 1 19
Multer, Abraham J. 9 April 1959 1 19
Peale, Norman Vincent 21 July; 31 July; 4 August; 24 September; 10 October; 29 October; and 17 November 1956 15 16
4 January; 26 July; 15 August; 25 August; 9 September; and 25 October 1957 15 17
12 February; 14 February; 10 March; 24 March; 28 March; 14 April; 17 May; 28 May; 30 June; 29 September; 8 December 1958 15 18
2 January; 9 January; 3 February; 2 March; 12 May; 22 October 1959 15 19
Perkins, Frances 7 May 1954 1 1
Powell, Eleanor 30 October 1956 7 5
Rickey, Branch 15 January 1959 4 4
Roosevelt, Eleanor 24 May 1957 6 6
Saroyan, William 8 January; 7 February; and 2 April 1956 7 7
17 May 1957 8 10
Sheen, Fulton J. 14 December 1955 7 7
17 January and 31 January 1956 7 7
Stevenson, Adlai 6 January 1958 9 11
8 August 1960 3 1
Truman, Harry 24 April 1956 7 8
Winchell, Walter 2 November 1956 7 11