Amzie Moore Papers, 1941-1970


Summary Information
Title: Amzie Moore Papers
Inclusive Dates: 1941-1970

Creator:
  • Moore, Amzie, 1912-1982
Call Number: Mss 551; Audio 845A

Quantity: 4.6 c.f. (11 archives boxes) and 13 tape recordings

Repository:
Archival Locations:
Wisconsin Historical Society (Map)

Abstract:
Papers of Amzie Moore, a black civil rights activist in Mississippi, who was also a leader in church, civic, and social activities in and around Cleveland, Mississippi. Correspondence and organizational records pertain to Moore's position as local director or organizer for all federal anti-poverty programs in Cleveland and Bolivar County and with many civil rights groups, among them the Bolivar County Community Action program, the Child Development Group of Mississippi and its affiliate, Head Start, and the local chapter of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People. The remainder consists of subject files that contain affidavits of discriminatory treatment, statements of financial need, lists, and other printed matter that reveal Moore's work as an advocate of the illiterate poor in the county. Financial records include fragmentary documentation of his diverse business interests. On tape are interviews conducted by Moore with local black residents and civil rights workers and some examples of gospel music.

Language: English

URL to cite for this finding aid: http://digital.library.wisc.edu/1711.dl/wiarchives.uw-whs-mss00551
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Biography/History

Amzie Moore, one of the earliest black civil rights proponents and activists in Mississippi, was born September 23, 1912 in Grenada, Mississippi. His educational background includes completion of two years work at Cleveland (Mississippi) High School (1937-1939), and several courses taken at Mississippi Vocational College. From 1935 until his induction into the Army in 1942, and again following his military service, Moore was a custodian at the Cleveland post office. During World War II, he served with military intelligence in Burma, India, and China, and was discharged with the rank of corporal in January 1946. In 1954 Moore built a combination service station, cafe, and beauty shop in Cleveland, which he operated in conjunction with his wife, Ruth Carey Moore. Moore also owned rental property in Cleveland, and with C. M. Watson, owned the W&M Grocery Store until November 1957. For over a decade, Moore was an agent for the Royal Funeral System.

In addition to his regular employment and many business enterprises, Moore was extremely involved in church, civic and social, and civil rights work. He served for many years as president of the Cleveland branch of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, which he joined in the 1950s, and was also active in the Mississippi State Conference of Branches. Moore was always interested in promoting the welfare of members of his race; in 1951 he helped organize the Regional Council of Negro Leadership, to unify and improve Negro leadership in the Mississippi Delta. He was a member of the Mississippi State Advisory Committee of the United States Commission on Civil Rights (1968-1969); active in local and state Democratic Party politics, including serving as chairman of the Bolivar County Democratic Party, and was also a supporter of the Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party. On June 1-2, 1966, Moore attended the White House civil rights conference, “To Fulfill These Rights.”

Among the other positions which Moore held were: member (1965), Mississippi chairman (1967), and chairman of the executive committee (1967) of the Delta Ministry of the United Church of Christ; member of the Delta Opportunity Corporation of the Delta Ministry; founding member of the Association of Communities of Bolivar County (ACBC); community chairman for Cleveland for the Child Development Group of Mississippi (CDGM), and its affiliate, Head Start; director and treasurer of Mississippi Action for Community Education (MACE), 1966-1969, which was also an offshoot of CDGM; director of voter registration projects for the Mississippi Adult Education Program; fundraiser and local contact for Operation Freedom, Cincinnati, Ohio; and director of the Mound Bayou (Mississippi) Community Hospital, 1967-1968. Moore was a dean of the St. Peter (or Peter's) Rock Baptist Church in Cleveland, and also taught religious classes with his wife. He sang with the Foregate Harmonizers gospel singers group.

It appears that Moore was involved in all civil rights and anti-poverty work in Cleveland and the surrounding area. He served as local director or organizer for all federal government-funded programs, as well as working with housing and supporting volunteers from such civil rights organizations as the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee, Congress of Racial Equality, Southern Christian Leadership Conference and the Southern Conference Educational Fund. Interpretation of his fragmentary records concerning Operation Freedom; lists of clothing, food, and other needs; affidavits of discriminatory treatment: and the correspondence of other individuals (as found in Box 2, Folder 3), suggests that Moore was the commanding figure in the black community. At some cost to himself and his family--as his financial records and correspondence with creditors reveal--Moore must have given substantial amounts of money, clothing, and food to many poor people. He seems to have served as liaison between individuals and foundations or government agencies, and advocate and letter-writer for the illiterate poor. As a result, he was unable to obtain local financing and insurance for his business, and in 1958, his hours at the Post Office were suddenly halved without justification, according to Moore. He continued working there until a proposed further reduction in 1967 caused him to retire. In addition to his service station, Moore's other sources of income during the later 1960s included the consulting fees and expense monies paid him by the Congress of Racial Equality, Citizen's Crusade Against Poverty, and the National Council of the Churches of Christ.

Amzie Moore still lives in Cleveland, Mississippi, and remains active in civic and civil rights work. In 1960 he was divorced from his wife Ruth, and in 1968 he married Mary Lee Roy. Amzie Moore is the father of four children.

Scope and Content Note

Amzie Moore's papers have been arranged in four series, to illustrate the many facets of his personal activities and civic and civil rights work. The series are: Correspondence and Personal Papers, Records of Organizations, Subject Files, and Financial Records. Purely personal correspondence has been returned to Moore at his request. Because of the disorder of the original accession, major portions of the collection are somewhat tentatively attributed and described, and many items have necessarily been placed in general or miscellaneous categories. The precise degree of Moore's involvement with many groups which are not well represented in the collection, and the interrelationships of the organizations, remains unclear.

Within the CORRESPONDENCE AND PERSONAL PAPERS series may be found a folder of private papers, including deeds and land transaction records, Army discharge papers, divorce papers, club membership cards, poll tax receipts, and a copy of an article regarding Moore, published in Ave Maria, February 27, 1965. His file of general correspondence primarily consists of letters and printed memoranda which Moore received from local individuals and from those associated with the many agencies and projects with which he was involved, with a few carbon copies of Moore's letters. Some of the correspondence deals with Moore's personal financial and business transactions. Although there has been a separation of letters into appropriate organizational files, due to the complicated interrelationships of agencies and organizations, some of this type of correspondence has been retained in these general files. Thus, the researcher should check both general and specific files to locate all pertinent information. In particular, there are many letters which contain both information concerning Operation Freedom activities and personal messages from Moore's friend, Operation Freedom director Reverend Maurice F. McCrackin. Moore's collection of the letters of other individuals has been retained as evidence of his close involvement with civil rights workers and with local poor people. Apparently civil rights workers either lived with Moore or used his address as their own for the purposes of receiving mail. Many of the letters regarding the problems of local blacks were apparently written for them by Moore. Moore's miscellaneous writings include drafts of letters, affidavits, talks, and articles; and notes of research and reading, and of meetings and interviews with poor people.

The RECORDS OF ORGANIZATIONS series contains a variety of materials dealing with the Cleveland and Bolivar County agencies established in the 1960s with federal funding, and with other local, state, and national level organizations in which Moore was active. Among the more important of these are the two related groups which distributed federal anti-poverty money--Bolivar County Community Action Program, Inc. (CAP) and Association of Communities of Bolivar County (ACBC), which was headed by Moore. Their general papers include copies of the ACBC charter of incorporation, by-laws of both organizations, a short history of the formation of CAP, correspondence, and notes of meetings and plans. Other records are funding applications and proposals, applications for employment, and a number of petitions demanding dismissal of the CAP advisory board.

The work of the Child Development Group of Mississippi and Head Start in Bolivar County is represented by similar types of material. Within the first folder of general correspondence and papers are located a lengthy chronological history of the agencies, a list of aims of Head Start, and other materials illustrating the birth of Project Head Start in 1965. As community chairman of the project, Moore remained in contact with federal and state officials, and also made local arrangements for housing and supplying the Head Start centers. Some of Moore's own property was leased by the centers. Records of these arrangements consist of correspondence, rental agreements, employee applications and resumes, and the like. In the general material file is included a list of other centers in the state; while other files contain proposals for funding the project, and suggestions and plans for Head Start lessons. The individual center records generally consist of a listing of staff members, and daily records of student attendance for the first four months of 1966.

Moore's files of NAACP papers consist primarily of printed memoranda and other general material which the national office sent to all presidents of local branches. Similar material was issued by the Mississippi State Conference of Branches and may be found within the files of that organization, while the records of the Cleveland branch contain affidavits and press releases created by Moore, and correspondence between Moore and the state field secretary, Medgar Evers, and others. Also present are presumably incomplete membership lists, compiled and photocopied from membership cards which Moore had never distributed to the intended recipients.

The SUBJECT FILES include a grouping of printed materials and papers which could not specifically be related to any particular organization. It may be surmised that Moore collected this material for his own reference use. Again, as evidence of Moore's interest in local poor people are affidavits of discriminatory treatment, food stamp petitions, financial and need statements, and name and address lists. The statements of financial, food, and clothing needs were apparently accumulated by Moore and others, probably to provide summaries for use by Operation Freedom and other relief organizations. The name and address lists may have been compiled for a similar purpose, or to identify those individuals to be contacted for possible inclusion in Head Start classes or for voter registration. Moore received copies of several field reports (1962), which apparently were written by NAACP workers in Mississippi, and may have been directed to Bob Moses. The voter registration papers in the collection consist of lists of voters and canvassers' reports, voter registration handbooks, plans, and printed memos produced by many organizations, and petitions of local people for their full voting rights.

The FINANCIAL RECORDS in the collection include personal, business, and organizational financial records, consisting mainly of bank statements and cancelled checks. Moore's financial papers also include a sampling of records of his personal accounts with local businesses, past due bills and loan payments, and wage and income statements; his bank statements and cancelled checks, insurance policies, rental property records, and tax returns and statements. A large quantity of routine financial documents such as unpaid and receipted bills was discarded. Scattered records from Moore's Beauty Shop, Service Station, and the W&M Store are also present. Financial records of other organizations include several organizations which are not represented elsewhere in the collection. Moore apparently was in charge of the financial affairs of most, if not all, of these groups.

The TAPE RECORDINGS in the collection contain interviews with local black residents and civil rights workers, conducted by Amzie Moore, 1958-1964, as well as several recordings of gospel music, and tapes of hearings, 1958, held by the Arkansas State Legislature regarding Communist activity in that state.

Related Material

The Wisconsin Historical Society has one of the richest collections of Civil Rights movement records in the nation, which includes more than 100 manuscript collections documenting the Mississippi Freedom Summer Project of 1964. More than 25,000 pages from the Freedom Summer manuscripts are available online as the Freedom Summer Digital Collection.

Administrative/Restriction Information
Acquisition Information

Presented by Amzie Moore, Cleveland, Mississippi, 1970. Accession Number: M70-344


Processing Information

Processed by Menzi Behrnd-Klodt, July 1980.


Contents List
Mss 551
Series: Correspondence and Personal Papers
Box   1
Folder   1
Personal Papers, 1941-1969, undated
Correspondence
Box   1
Folder   2-8
1951-1968
Alternate Format: All or part has been digitized and is available online: Folder 4, Folder 5, Folder 6, Folder 7 and Folder 8.
Box   2
Folder   1-2
1969-1970, undated
Box   2
Folder   3
Of Others, Collected by Moore, 1952-1970
Alternate Format: All or part has been digitized and is available online.
Box   2
Folder   4
Miscellaneous Writings of Amzie Moore, 1952-1970
Alternate Format: All or part has been digitized and is available online.
Series: Records of Organizations
Box   2
Folder   5
Association of Communities of Quitman County, General Papers, 1967-1968, undated
Bolivar County Community Action Program, Inc. and Association of Communities of Bolivar County, Cleveland, Mississippi
Box   2
Folder   6
Application and Program Proposals, 1965-1966
Box   2
Folder   6
Financial Reports, 1966
Box   2
Folder   7
Applications for Employment, 1966-1969
Box   2
Folder   8-9
General Records, 1965-1970, undated
Box   2
Folder   10
Petitions re: CAP Advisory Board, undated
Child Development Group of Mississippi and Head Start
Box   2
Folder   11
Bolivar County Parents Petitions, 1966
Box   3
Folder   1-2
General Correspondence and Papers, 1965-1969, undated
Box   3
Folder   3
Employee Applications, 1966
Box   3
Folder   4
General Material, undated
Box   3
Folder   5
General Records of Staff and Students, 1965-1968
Box   3
Folder   6
Lessons and Educational Projects, undated
Box   3
Folder   7
Proposals for Bolivar County Head Start, 1965-1966
Individual Centers
Box   3
Folder   8
Cleveland Center - Records of Staff and Student Attendance, 1966
Box   3
Folder   9
New Kingdom Center - Records of Staff and Student Attendance, 1966
Box   3
Folder   10
New St. Phillip Center - Records of Staff and Student Attendance, 1966
St. Peter Rock Center
Box   3
Folder   11
Attendance Records and Marks, 1968-1969
Box   3
Folder   12
Lesson Plans
Box   3
Folder   13
Records of Staff and Student Attendance, 1966
Box   4
Folder   1
United Baptist Center - Records of Staff and Student Attendance, 1966
Box   4
Folder   2
Citizens' Advocate Center, Washington, D.C., 1968
Citizens' Crusade Against Poverty
Box   4
Folder   3
Second Annual Meeting, Washington, D.C., Papers from Forum C, Maximum Feasible Participation of the Poor, 1966 April 13-14
Box   4
Folder   4
General Material, 1967, undated
Box   4
Folder   5
Citizens' Rights and Complaint Center - Proposal for Funding, 1967
Box   4
Folder   6
Delta Ministry Programs, 1965-1970, undated
Box   4
Folder   7
Delta Opportunity Corporation, Greenville, Mississippi, 1965-1969
Box   4
Folder   8
The Democratic Party and the Democratic Party of Mississippi - Papers and Other Political Material, 1965-1970, undated
Box   4
Folder   9
The Foregate Harmonizers - Ledger of Schedules, Minutes, and Cash on Hand; Bank Statements and Cancelled Checks, 1953-1956
Mississippi Action for Community Education, Inc.
Box   4
Folder   10
General Papers, 1965-1969
Box   4
Folder   11
Applications of Trainees and Aides
Box   5
Folder   1
Mississippi Action for Progress, 1966-1968, undated
Box   5
Folder   2
Mississippi Adult Education Program, 1962, undated
Box   5
Folder   3
Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party, 1962-1966
Alternate Format: All or part has been digitized and is available online.
Box   5
Folder   4
Mississippi Research and Development Center, 1968-1969
Box   5
Folder   5
Mississippi Voter Registration and Education League, 1966-1969
Box   5
Folder   6
Mound Bayou Community Hospital, 1967-1968, undated
National Association for the Advancement of Colored People
Box   5
Folder   7-10
National Office - Printed Memoranda and Press Releases, 1955-1970, undated
Box   6
Folder   1-2
Mississippi State Conference of Branches - Printed Memoranda, Press Releases, and Other Papers, 1964-1970, undated
Cleveland Mississippi Branch
Box   6
Folder   3
General Papers, 1955-1969, undated
Box   6
Folder   4
Membership Lists, 1957-1968
Box   6
Folder   5
NAACP Legal Defense and Educational Fund, Inc. - Mississippi Welfare Rights Handbook, circa 1966
Box   6
Folder   6
NAACP Voter Registration Committee, 1959-1968
Alternate Format: All or part has been digitized and is available online.
Box   6
Folder   7
National Federation of Settlements and Neighborhood Centers, 1966-1967
Box   6
Folder   8
Operation Freedom - Loan Applications and Other Papers, 1962-1969
Box   6
Folder   9-10
Other Organizations and Miscellaneous Material
Box   7
Folder   1
Other Organizations and Miscellaneous Material (continued)
Box   7
Folder   2
Regional Council of Negro Leadership, 1951-1962
Box   7
Folder   3
Royal Funeral System - Agent's Monthly Reports and Other Papers, 1959-1970
St. Peter Rock Church
Box   7
Folder   4-5
Membership Reports, 1958 May-1959 January
Box   7
Folder   6
Other Material, 1958-1968, undated
Box   7
Folder   7
Southern Christian Leadership Conference Citizenship School and Other Papers, 1958-1965, undated
Box   7
Folder   8
United Order of Friendship, undated
Box   7
Folder   9
United States Commission on Civil Rights, Mississippi State Advisory Committee, 1963-1969
Box   7
Folder   10
White House Conference “To Fulfill These Rights,” 1966 June 1-2
Series: Subject Files
Box   7
Folder   11
Affidavits of Discriminatory Treatment and Other Complaints, 1957-1967, undated
Alternate Format: All or part has been digitized and is available online.
Box   8
Folder   1
Bolivar County Food Stamp Petitions, undated
Box   8
Folder   2
Demographic and Medical Information, 1965-1968
Box   8
Folder   3-4
Financial and Need Statements, and Requirements of Others, 1964-1967, undated
Box   8
Folder   3-4
Ledger, 1965-1966
Box   8
Folder   5
Name and Address Lists
Box   11
Name and Address Cards
Box   8
Folder   6
Politics - General Material, 1962-1969, undated
Box   8
Folder   7
Reports of Field Workers, 1962
Box   8
Folder   8
School Desegregation and Schools, 1964, undated
Alternate Format: All or part has been digitized and is available online.
Box   8
Folder   9
Voter Registration, 1958-1968, undated
Alternate Format: All or part has been digitized and is available online.
Box   8
Folder   10
Voting and Voter Registration Petitions, 1962
Box   9
Folder   1
Voting and Voter Registration - Lists of Registered Voters and Canvassers' Reports, 1967, undated
Series: Financial Records
Personal
Box   9
Folder   2
Accounts, Past Due Bills, Loans, 1953-1970, undated
Box   9
Folder   3-5
Bank Statements and Cancelled Checks, 1947, 1952-1959, 1965-1969
Box   9
Folder   6
Insurance Policies, 1948-1969
Box   9
Folder   7-8
Moore's Beauty Shop, 1958-1960; Ledger, , 1958
Box   10
Folder   1
Moore's Service Station, 1954-1968
Box   10
Folder   2
Rental Property Records, 1965-1968
Box   10
Folder   3
Tax Returns, Receipts, and Statements, 1951-1970
Box   10
Folder   4
VA and FHA Loan Records, 1942-1966
Box   10
Folder   5
W&M Store - Stock Records, 1957, undated
Box   10
Folder   6
Wage and Income Statements, 1952-1969
Other Organizations
Box   10
Folder   7
ACBC Community Fund - Bank Statements and Cancelled Checks, 1968
Box   10
Folder   8
Bolivar County Educational Committee, 1966
Box   10
Folder   9
Bolivar County Public Service Employees Union and Mississippi Public Service Employees - Bank Statements and Cancelled Checks, 1968-1970
Box   10
Folder   10
Cleveland Federal Credit Union - Report of Examination, 1952
Box   10
Folder   11
Community Relief Fund, 1964-1966
Box   10
Folder   12
Levine Community Fund - Bank Statements and Cancelled Checks, 1964-1968
Box   10
Folder   13
Miscellaneous
Box   10
Folder   14
St. Peter Rock Church - Bank Statements and Cancelled Checks, 1958-1960
Audio 845A
Series: Tape Recordings
Subseries: Interviews Conducted by Amzie Moore
845A/1
Interview with a Rev. Buell of Shaw, Mississippi, 1958 March 30
Scope and Content Note: Buell was accused of arson after the local school burned. Moore implies that Buell was accused as a means of discrediting him as a black leader, even though Buell professes no interest in integration. On Side 2, continuing on Side 1. (3 3/4 ips)
845A/1 (continued)
Interview, undated and virtually unintelligible, with a black woman who was abducted (and raped?) by a white man
Note: The tape is in very poor condition.
845A/2
Accounts by Curtis Hayes and Hollis Watkins, field secretaries for SNCC, 1963 February
Scope and Content Note: Both men were arrested during a lunch counter sit-in at McComb, Mississippi in August 1961, and subsequently spent 35 or 37 days in jail, were released, then jailed again for 35 days after participating in a school walkout only three days later. The students were protesting the expulsion of another student. They then worked on a voter registration project at Hattiesburg. Watkins describes poor prison conditions, attempts at retaliation against his father, and a threat of lynching. (7 1/2 ips)
845A/3
Interview with Mr. and Mrs. Palmer, who lost their jobs after registering to vote, 1963 July 10
Scope and Content Note: Mr. Palmer lost his job on the plantation where he had worked since 1945, only 4 1/2 days after he registered. Mrs. Palmer, who cleaned a doctor's office, lost her job the day after registering. Contains information on working conditions. Mr. Palmer was paid $5 per day despite working 12-14 hours daily, and was in debt to the plantation owner for an undisclosed sum. On Side 1.
845A/3 (continued)
Interviews conducted by Moore and Bob Moses, with relatives of persons jailed in Itta Bena, Mississippi, on June 18, 1963, undated
Note: Several persons interviewed were also interviewed on July 20, 1963 (see tape No. 4). Poor sound.
845A/4
Series of interviews with relatives of persons arrested at Itta Bena on June 18, 1963, 1963 July 20
Scope and Content Note: Conducted by Amzie Moore at the Hopewell Baptist Church in Itta Bena. On June 18, a voter registration meeting at the Hopewell Baptist Church was broken up by a tear gas bomb thrown into the Church. Many of those interviewed believed that several young black men were hired by whites to throw the bombs. Afterwards, those at the meeting marched towards town to demand protection from the sheriff, whereupon 45 or 49 of the demonstrators were arrested and jailed. Most of those interviewed had sons, brothers, or husbands arrested. The interviews also contain information concerning conditions of life and work. Interviews begin on the left track, side 1, and continue on the right track. (3 3/4 ips)
845A/5
Three interviews conducted at Cleveland, Mississippi, 1964 April 17
Scope and Content Note: Two are with women who had not worked since the cotton-picking season of the previous December. They describe the difficulties of finding employment, and life on relief. The third interview is with a young child who asked for clothes and shoes. Apparently, Amzie Moore outfitted many residents in Cleveland with shoes.
845A/5 (continued)
Gospel music and preaching by two men
Note: A narrator identifies preachers. Poor quality recording.
845A/5 (continued)
Brief interview with a sharecropper who was in debt, undated
Note: Entire tape is in poor condition. (3 3/4 ips)
845A/6
Brief interview with a Mr. Johnson in Cleveland, Mississippi, undated
Scope and Content Note: Johnson, a sharecropper and plantation laborer, was requesting shoes for his 7 children and “any kind of help a man can get.” He and his family lived on $17 per week. The previous year he had produced 16 bales of cotton and earned $200. The interviewer (Moore?) says that his “reason for asking questions...,” is because, “we want the world to know that our people aren't lazy and shiftless...but it's just that they can't find sufficient work....” Side 2 is blank.
845A/7
Interview with Linda Brown of Cleveland, Mississippi, undated
Scope and Content Note: Brown's 1-year-old child died after receiving a measles shot, and Brown blamed the mishandling of the inoculation for the death.
845A/7 (continued)
Brief discussion with unidentified speakers on political conditions and the Linda Brown case, undated
Note: Side 2 is blank. (3 3/4 ips)
845A/8
Brief conversation with an unidentified female musician (Interviewer not identified), undated
Note: Gospel music, with some of the groups identified on tape by Moore, is on Side 2. (3 3/4 ips)
Subseries: Gospel Music Recordings
845A/9
Recording of music, including a radio broadcast of the Foregate Harmonizers, undated
Note: Poor quality sound. (1 7/8 ips)
845A/10
Singing convention at Rosedale, Mississippi
Scope and Content Note: A festival of church groups performing gospel music. Performers were from Rosedale, Beulah, and other communities. A commentator, speaking between the songs, describes and introduces the performers and songs. He remarks: “It's customary that people in the Delta area...sing a lot...it gives them courage and strength to live another day under the adverse circumstances under which they live.” Tape in poor condition.
845A/11
Recording of a group of male singers (accompanied on guitar by a Rev. Pinson) singing gospel music
Note: (Side 1 is 7 1/2 ips, Side 2 is 3 3/4 ips.)
Subseries: Other Tapes
845A/12
Testimony before a body, identified by Amzie Moore as the “Investigative Educational Conference,” on Communist activity within the NAACP in Arkansas, circa 1958
Scope and Content Note: Many civil rights leaders and groups are implicated, including the Highlander Folk School and Martin Luther King. Moore occasionally interjects comments. (3 3/4 ips)
845A/13
Undated recording of Arkansas State Legislature committee hearings on Communist activity in Arkansas, circa 1958
Note: Sound is very poor. (3 3/4 ips)