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                    WISCONSIN      CONSTITUTION                      241
office, and shall not serve more than two terms or parts thereof in suc-
cession; they may be required by law to renew their security from time
to time, and in default of giving such new security their office shall be
deemed vacant, but the county shall never be made responsible for the
acts of the sheriff. The governor may remove any officer in this section
mentioned, giving to such a copy of the charges against him and an op-
portunity of being heard in his defense. All vacancies shall be filled by
appointment, and the person appointed to fill a vacancy shall hold only
for the unexpired portion of the term to which he shall be appointed and
until his successor shall be elected and qualified.
                             ARTICLE VII.
                                JUDICIARY.
  Impeachment; trial. Section 1. The court for the trial of impeachments
shall be composed of the senate. The assembly shall have the power of
impeaching all civil officers of this state for corrupt conduct in office,
or
for crimes and misdemeanors; but a majority of all the members elected
shall concur in an impeachment. On the trial of an impeachment against
the governor, the lieutenant governor shall not act as a member of the
court. No judicial officer shall exercise his office, after he shall have
been impeached, until his acquittal. Before the trial of an impeachment
the members of the court shall take an oath or affirmation truly and im-
partially to try the impeachment according to evidence; and no person
shall be convicted without the concurrence of two-thirds of the members
present. Judgment in cases of impeachment shall not extend further than
to removal from office, or removal from office and disqualification to
hold any office of honor, profit or trust under the state; but the party
impeached shall be liable to indictment, trial and punishment according
to law.
  Judical power, where vested. Section 2. The judicial power of this
state, both as to matters of law and equity, shall be vested in a supreme
court, circuit courts, courts of probate, and in justices of the peace. The
legislature may also vest such jurisdiction as shall be deemed necessary
in municipal courts, and shall have power to establish inferior courts in
the several counties, with limited civil and criminal jurisdiction. Pro-
vided, that the jurisdiction which may be vested in municipal courts shall
not exceed in their respective municipalities that of circuit courts in their
respective circuits as prescribed in this constitution; and that the legisla-
ture shall provide as well for the election of judges of the municipal
courts as of the judges of inferior courts, by the qualified electors of
the
respective jurisdictions. The term of office of the judges of the said
municipal and inferior courts shall not be longer than that of the judges
of the circuit courts.
  Supreme court, jurisdiction. Section 3. The supreme court, except in
cases otherwise provided in this constitution, shall have appellate juris-
diction only, which shall be coextensive with the state; but in no case
removed to the supreme court shall a trial by jury be allowed. The
supreme court shall have a general superintending control over all infer-
ior courts; it shall have power to issue writs of habeas corpus, manda-
mus, injunction, quo warranto, certiorari, and other original and remedial
writs, and to hear and determine the same.
  Supreme court justices; term; election; quorum. Section 1. [4]. The
chief justice and associate justices of the supreme court shall be severally
known as the justices of said court, with the same terms of office of ten
years respectively as now provided. The supreme court shall consist of
seven justices, any four of whom shall be a quorum, to be elected as now
provided, not more than one each year. The justice having been longest
a continuous member of said court, or in case two or more such senior
justices shall have served for the same length of time, then the one
whose commission first expires shall be ex officio, the chief justice.