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COMMENTARIES ON THE CONSTITUTION
EXCISE TAXES: See Taxation, excises
EXPENDITURES: proposed amendments re-
quire annual publication of, 204, 317
EXPENSES OF GOVERNMENT: Constitution
will not unduly increase, 133-35; Con-
federation Congress cannot raise, 252.
See also Appropriations; Debt, U.S.; Du-
ties; Officeholders, U.S.; Requisitions;
Taxation
EXPORTS: importance of western produce,
149; increasing in America to equal im-
ports, 336. See also Commerce; Duties
Ex PosT FACTO LAws: judicial protections
against, 89; praise of Constitution's pro-
vision concerning, 128, 129, 161, 162;
should extend only to criminal cases,
300
"FABIUS" (John Dickinson): circulation of,
167, 168n-69n
FACTIONS: Constitution protects against,
138; militia will discourage, 161. See also
Party spirit; Political parties
FAESCH, JOHN JACOB (N.J.), 176
FAIRFAX COUNTY, VA., 18n
FARMERS: expect to benefit under Consti-
tution, 19, 391; fear Constitution, 50;
yeomen will make up militia, 160; in-
debtedness of, 226; and Philadelphia
procession, 263-64; support Constitu-
tion, 370. See also Agriculture; Cotton;
Wheat
FAYSSOUX, PETER (S.C.), 56, 67n
"FEDERAL FARMER"
- Letters, 15n, 63n; sent to Jefferson, 15n;
circulation of, 39, 51, 58; authorship of,
220n
-Additional Letters, 63n; circulation of, 3,
4n, 33, 36, 39, 54, 58, 63n
FEDERAL REPUBLIC: support for creation
of, 3, 64-65n, 217. See also Republican
form of government
FEDERALISM: hope to establish government
in U.S. on principles of, 214; attributes
of, 384. See also Division of powers; Gov-
ernment, debate over nature of; Repub-
lican form of government; Sovereignty;
States, impact of Constitution upon;
States under the Articles of Confeder-
ation
THE FEDERALIST (Alexander Hamilton,
John Jay, and James Madison), 64n; au-
thorship of, 15, 15n, 85, 86, 87, 94, 96,
102, 111, 115, 127, 137, 322, 352,
357n; sent to Jefferson, 15, 322; pub-
lication of edition of, 15n, 83-87;
praised, 15n, 85-86, 352; Federalists
use arguments of in N.Y. Convention,
49; circulation of, 83-87, 87, 94, 96-
97, 102-3, 111, 115, 127, 137, 356n-
57n; criticism of, 84; reviewed by Noah
Webster, 86, 137; publication of in
France, 87; texts of, 87-143
"THE FEDERALIST'S POLITICAL CREED," 4-6
FEDERALISTS: six-sevenths of Americans fa-
vor Constitution, 7; identity of is well
known, 12; should give in to Antifed-
eralists and support amendments, 15n;
attempt to get Washington to run for
Va. Convention, 16; use of term of, 16,
20, 48, 268, 293, 373; control printing
presses, 46; merchants are primarily, 54,
55, 166, 332; agree Constitution needs
amendments, 60, 76, 156; agree Con-
stitution is imperfect, 139-40; arrange
for transmittal of news of N.H.'s ratifi-
cation to other states, 212; celebrate rat-
ification, 309, 331; assisted by Indian
hostilities in Ohio, 334; worried about
delay in calling first federal elections,
365, 366
- criticism of: as friends of influence and
corruption, 3; some will abuse any gov-
ernment, 3; some will steadfastly oppose
amendments to Constitution, 3; attempt
to stifle access to press, 5; linked with
Loyalists, 5, 55, 373; want a consoli-
dated government, 20-21; accused of
being friends and seekers of power, 39;
called Consolidarians, 46; methods of,
46; deceptiveness of, 46, 50, 54, 399n;
literature of, 46, 78; will not support
amendments after ratification of Con-
stitution, 47, 155; called advocates of
despotism, 49; bandwagon strategy of,
54; said to be aristocratic, 55; some op-
pose liberty and republicanism, 217
-praise of, 384; likened to patriots, 7; de-
scribed as men of virtue, sense, and
property, 167; God on side of, 266
-in Conn., 274, 275n
-in Md., 166
-in Mass., 166, 172, 196, 274, 275n
- in N.H., 52
- in N.Y., 50, 54, 70, 279-80; are best
people and orators, 16; in New York
City, 144, 153; gain strength in Con-
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