Page 418

COMMENTARIES ON THE CONSTITUTION
Albany County, 47; called friends to
rights of mankind, 49; favor separate
confederacies, 190; seek to reduce com-
mercial ties with Europe, 190; corre-
spond with those in N.C., 333; com-
pared to Indians who lack knowledge of
government, 399; are pleased with
state's ratification, 405
-in N.C., 54, 172, 332, 376, 405n; and
violence in convention elections, 146n;
and Convention of, 312-20; from Va.
work in, 333; correspond with those in
N.Y., 333
-in Pa., 10-11, 277-78, 285, 343; would
be encouraged by rejection of Consti-
tution by Va., 14-15; in western Pa., 48;
meet at Harrisburg, 365-66; in Cum-
berland Co. vote to support Constitu-
tion, 393-94, 394n
- in R.I., 350; oppose celebration of Con-
stitution in Providence, 231; preparing
defense for attack from ratifying states,
371-72; hurt by N.Y.'s ratification, 397
- in S.C., 55, 56, 168, 169n, 260, 285;
described favorably, 67n; in Convention
of, 144; acquiesce to ratification, 167-
68, 171, 208n
- in Va., 63n, 172, 174, 279, 343; coop-
eration of with those in N.Y., 32-68; in
back counties of, 48; praised, 49; gain
strength, 189-90; in Convention of,
207-9n, 209n, 274, 286-88n, 293, 383;
were effective in N.C., 333; declining,
378; angry with Edmund Randolph, 378
See also Federalists; Pseudonyms
APPOINTMENT POWER: criticism of, 6; pro-
posed amendment concerning, 44-45;
and federal judiciary praised, 87; criti-
cism of Senate's role in, 181; President
ought to have sole power of, 329, 330.
See also Impeachment; President, U.S.;
Privy council; Senate, U.S.
APPROPRIATIONS: proposed amendment
limiting to two years, 45. See also Army;
Expenses of government; Requisitions;
Taxation
ARISTOCRACY: Constitution will lead to, 6,
58, 181, 183; supporters of in N.C. fa-
vor Constitution, 54; Constitution op-
poses, 160; lack of in U.S. except on
basis of merit, 239. See also Democracy;
Despotism; Government, debate over
nature of; Natural aristocracy; Repub-
lican form of government; Senate, U.S.
ARMS, RIGHT TO BEAR, 188; proposed
amendments concerning, 43, 202, 298,
316
ARMY, 264
-proposed amendments concerning: sub-
ordination of to civilian authority, 43;
length of enlistments, 45, 204, 317-18;
President should not command in field
without Congress' consent, 304; re-
quires two-thirds vote of Congress to in-
troduce foreign troops to U.S., 320, 347
See also American Revolution; Army,
standing; Military; Militia; President,
U.S.; Vice President, U.S.; War
ARMY, STANDING: Federalists accused of
wanting, 5; fear of Indians as excuse for
wanting, 5; danger of, 5, 202-3, 298,
316; restrictions proposed on, 43, 45,
188, 204, 302, 317, 347-48; danger of
under Constitution, 79, 376; Constitu-
tion protects against because of pres-
ervation of Union, 138; would result
from abandonment of Union, 161; nec-
essary to avoid anarchy and instability,
329. See also Army; Military; Militia
ARNOLD, PELEG (R.I.), 352n, 389n
ARTICLES OF CONFEDERATION: Constitu-
tional Convention violated instructions
only to amend, 5; weaknesses of, 19,
150, 160, 161, 178, 185, 223, 228-29,
232, 233, 236, 237, 252-53, 273, 280,
320, 324-25n, 329, 358-59, 379; num-
ber of states needed to pass important
legislation in Congress, 30n; Article XI
of cited, 32n; needs amending, 36, 58,
73, 133, 272; text of Article II put in
Va. amendments, 44; and maritime ju-
risdiction of, 99, 102n; and settlement
of territorial disputes between states, 99,
102n; no judicial power under, 121-22;
can no longer hold Americans together,
154; fails to protect civil liberties, 159;
could not sustain Union, 164; too pop-
ularly oriented to be successful, 170;
U.S. is powerless under, 191; will soon
end as Constitution will be implemented,
214-15; difficult to amend, 216; few ad-
vocates for, 216; criticism of lack of sep-
aration of powers under, 253; described
as in rotten condition, 383; destruction
of, 386; took several years for states to
adopt, 390n-91n; unreasonable attach-
ment to, 395. See also Amendments to
Articles of Confederation; Congress un-
418