THE CONTININTAL TIMES.
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Uncivilised Methods.
We print today a letter from a Merchant
in Hong Kong, who tells of the disgraceful
treatment to   which   inoffensive  German
civilians were subjected in the Concentration
Camp   established there.  As he says, the
English, who so glibly and so constantly
make use of the words "humanity" and
'civilisation", appear to know exceedingly
little of the application or meaning of those
terms. In the first place the British autho-
rities in Hong Kong committed a breach of
the law of nations, by not allowing civilians
of an enemy state, the time to get away, as
demanded by international right. Secondly
they treated those civilians, so called prisoners
of war, in a manner totally incompatible with
tie unwritten laws of humanity and civili-
sation. In the Boer war Lord Kitchener in-
vented that most horrible form of detention
known as "The Concentration Camp", and
thus, for a long time, tarnished with shame
tie British name, in the minds of all humane
folk. Once again, England applies the bar-
barous "Concentration Camp", system to
civilised people. And yet, certain of Englands
statesmen, have professed an inability to
understand Germanys hatred for the British.
Anyone who reads the letter from the Hong
Merchant woill fully ,indrstatid the
existence of that bitter sentiment. And, the
loathsome "Concentration Camp", is but one
of the many illegitimate methods of making
war, adopted by the English, which arouse
that disgust, in the German mind, out of
which is born the relentless resentment of
every Teuton against every Briton today.
To be, or not to be?
With a rapidity, which the world at large
had scarce expected, Russia finds herself in
the midst of immense difficulties, militarily
and financially. Russia had counted upon
a short war, upon Austro-Hungary being
unable to mobilise and Germany being so
occupied with the French forces that she
would be unable to resist the invasion of the
Russian hosts.   All three calculations have
missed fire. The Russian forces, badly beaten
in all directions, are no longer in a position
to invade Germany, but, on the contrary,
are at their wits ends to know how to save
themselves from utter and hopeless defeat.
At such a juncture, according to the well
known authority on Russian affairs, Dr.
Rohrbach, Emperor Nicolai Alexandrovitch
wishes for peace, whilst the Grand Duke
Nicolai Nicolaivitch, is reckless, ready  to
risk all, and advocates a continuance of the
war.    We   commend     the   article  upon
"Russias Dilemma," o1   page 1, published
today to all our readers, as being of quite
snccial interest.
Facts versus Fiction.
Today, on page 1, we commeice the pub-
lication of a statement, in the form  of an
open letter, from Mr. James O'Donnell Bennett,
Correspondent of the Chicago Tribune, to
Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, the well known
writer of fiction. Sir Arthur unfortunately
took upon himself to write, in the columns
of the London Chronicle, the most scathing
remarks concerning Germany and her methods
of conducting the war. The author of Sher-
lock Holmes was evidently deceived. His
accusations were based upon false reports
supplied him, and, upon those, he let loose
his world famous, imaginative talents. Mr.
O'Dontiell Bennett however has the advan-
tage of Sir Arthur, for he was with the
German troops, he made extensive trips
through Belgium, he frequented with the
people. As a practical American newspaper
Correspondent, he supplies facts, and those
simple realistic truths work terrible havoc
with unsubstantiated reports upon which
Sir A. Conan Doyle builds his charges   It
i all in all, a matter of facts versus fiction.
Extension of Territorial Zone.
Rome, January 18th. Tribuna confirms the
rit;ort that the United States have agreed to
v's proposition the extend the zone of
it orial waters during the war from  3 to
Britains shame.
In Hong-Kong civilian Germans were treated in the same ignoble
manner as at Newbury.
Never to be forgotten!'
Each one who passed through the ordeal will bear rancour towards
England his life long.
The following letter is -from a German
Merchant in Hong Kong:-
Shanghai, 13 Nov. 1914.-The government.
of Hong Kong did everything possible, to
prevent the Germans being expelled, not that
they particularly cared for us, but because it
was well understood, that it was in the in-
terests of the colony, that the Germans should
continue in their businesses unmolested. It
was generally known   that Sir H. M. was
disposed to be friendly to the Germans, and
it was not his fault that it came to their being
ousted. According to report, it was, that the
military party in Hong Kong, had set its
all, upon the expulsion of the Germans, giving
as a reason that it is a fortified town, and,
that thus, it was not in the interests of the Brit-
ish, that their stay should be further allowed.
- Kept prisoners.
Immediately after the outbreak of hostilities
we were informed, that those of uswold be
allowed to remain, who, on the 5th of August,
were domiciled and doing business there.
Only later, it was evident, that it was not a
matter of permission in the true sense of the
word, but an inh:bition to leave the colony.
For, immediately upon the outbreak of war,
several well known gentlemen, acquaintances
of mine, applied to be allowed to go away
and in each case a refusal was the answer.
But as it is usual, according to international
law, that the subject of belligerent countries
shall be given a certain time, in which to
get away, a protest was signed by us all, sent
through the medium of the American govern-
ment in Washington to be forwarded to the
British government; as that privilege had not
been extended to us. Naturally that was of
noeffect,but the treatment metedout tousmerits
being known in broader circles. In any case
the imprisoning of all persons between the
ages of 20 atid 45 years, is an outrage of the
first order. The Provost Marshall, gecided,
after a scrutiny of our military papers, as to
whether this or that one was entitled to
military service or not, and as might have
been expected of him. He had no clear
knowledge of German military law, and thus
he came to the very remarkable decisions.
For instance R. and B. were not imprisoned
although they belonged to the Landwehr at
at home, would be immediately called to
the colors, because there was a clause in
the passport;, which was absolutely mis-
understood.  On the other hand all those
who had not served (ungediente) in the
first and second calls of the Landsturm were
interned, and all requests to be set free
were simply ignored. Neither did they take
any notice as to whether, physically, they
were fit to serve or not. Thus for example
B, who had undergone four severe opera-
tions, and who could scarce even bend
down, was arrested, likewise N., having but
one eye, and D. A. Bk., in spite of his serious
illness and so on.
Awful conditions.
I myself was also interned and was only
released upon my wife going to the governor
K. and thereby obtaining for me a special
examination  of my particular case.   The
condition of the camp in all respects beggars
description. We were placed in sheds made
of matting, without any proper protection
against the weather and the damp    earth.
No wooden floorings. In my shed we were
17 people, so closely packed together, that
not even a small trunk could be placed
between the beds.    Without exaggeration
one may say, that the Chinese coolies lived
in a highly sanitary state, compared to us
in our buts. Also there was not the slightest
comfort, one could not even place a nail
anywhere, upon which to hang ones clothes.
And with that, the terrible damp, which was
made all the worse, during the few days I
was there, as it rained in torrents. Young
vigorous people might have held out under
such  nditionsbutcertainly   not those
whose constitutions had been undermined
by long years of life in the tropics.
Miserable arrangements.
The washing facilities were of the most
primitive.  Six water laps, which had to
suffice for 250 imprisoned Germans, not to
speak of the open closets', of which if I
remember right there were six; altogether
made up unspeakable sanitary conditions. It
was evident to the German doctors also
there confined, that such conditions must
surely, in the course of time develop all
kinds of epidemic diseases. In truth such
accomodation would not have been fitting
even for Hottentots or other such uncultivated
folk, and in any case represent a shame for
a nation, which on every possible occasion
make use of the words "humanity, civilisa-
tion" and so on, with boastful significance.
Each one who has had to pass through
it, will bear resentment to the English for
the remainder of his life.
Wretched fare.
There were three meals during the day.
Of a morning, at a quarter past seven, two
ducks eggs, with a piece of sour bread and
tea. At half past twelve, two ducks eggs
and tea. In the evening stewed beef with
peas or cabbage, nothing else. On that diet
Each morning we had to work one hour
and a half, digging, hauling and carrying
earth away. That was, naturally, taken lightly:
Each prisoner was given a number by which
he was known, mine was 238. On arrival,
each was given an eting outfit, which con-
sisted of an earheware mug, a knife and
fork. The younger ien of the office, were
interned a few days earlier than the elder
ones; and the ones admitted as being old
were taken away at the same time as myself.
Each one, upon Irrival, was deprived of
any papers he migh hiave, knife, money and
so on. Of the mon y they had brought with
them, not more than snall amount was allowed
with which to buy a few things at the cantine.
That it id ay be known.
I have told you )n detail of these things
in order that, at I  it ma be known, in
what a shf                  d   eans the
Efiglish treat the, socil e, prisoners of war.
The German cable service here, has told us
during the past days, that in the course of
a few months a large number of the prisoners
in concentration camps have died owing to
the unsanitary conditions in which they were
condemned to live. I think that the Germans,
even when their prisoners be Cossacks, treat
them in a manner fitting of a civilised nation.
On Monday the 4th of the month, I was
set free and as we were to start by the
Manchuria in the afternoon, I could naturally
only take away with me the most needful
luggage.
Just as mean as heir behaviour to the
German prisoners ot var, is the way and
manner in which the German firms were
treated. Concerning te liquidation in Hong-
kong, I wrote you yesterday, and I only hope
that the war may end favourably for us, in
order that the situation may be reversed, and
a part of our inevitable loss may be recovered.
Aircraft Peril and
. Gurfire.
Interesting aspects of aeial wafare are de-
scribed in the letter of an [En ish military aviator
from which we print the :'owing:
He says that if th   eroplane which
is being fired at hap). is to be one of
our own one naturally ai sqs the "Boches",
and longs for it to e, a), but if it is
a German machine ben:; e  ired at by our
own guns. w     el  e  lt' is a "Boche"
anc must U            1own, but at the
same time he is      waviator, and one
always has a s        lurking feeling of
hope that he w       ape being hit.
He says tha         that morning   he
felt quite  glid   n   a French   shell
missed  a Germa     Aviator by   inches.
Immediately after ads he expresses his
disgust at having to stay on the ground
instead of being able to go up and
chase the same miachine.
The idea probably is that it is really
sport chasing the enemy in the air, for
he may give as good    as he gets, but
one does not like to see him brought
down by a weapon against which he
cannot   very  well reply, though,   of
course, if the aviator happens to carry
bombs he might hit back.
When one of the Allies' machines goes
out to chase the Germans away they
promptly turn bazk, and when they are
over their own lines they dive almost
vertically with the intention of enticing
the pursuing machine into following them.
Their hope evidently is that they may
thus bring down the other plane within
range of tie Germain machine-guns, for
they are finding that machine gun fire is
much more deadly than all their high-
angle guns firing shrapnel.
This direct dive practised by the Ger-
mans has a secondary advantage for
them, in that when a machine is stand-
ing vertically on its nose it offers a smal-
ler area as a mark .or the pursuer, and
it also has the further effect that the oil-
in  the  ta-k   appn:enty  runs  to the
fronfot oie  rigiirZffiiloodis the for
ward cylinder, so that the engine throws
out a dense cloud of smoke, which quite
possibly serves to aide the body o the
machine to some extent from the marks-
man in the aeroplan: which is chasing it.
When an aeroplane is flying against
the wind, it offers an almost stationary
mark. The Germans, of course, know
this as well as we do, and apparently
hold their fire till they see the machine
is flying against tie wind, and as a
result they are now getting very much
closer to their tagyets than they did
during the early part of the war, when
the weather was practically calm for
weeks at a time.
During the last month or two some
of the old "pompoms " which were used
so largely in the Soith African war have
been tried as anti-aircraft guns. These
are machine guns, like glorified Maxims,
but they fire one-pound shells instead
of ordinary bullets.
Theonly drawback to them is that un-
less they score a direct hit on something
pretty hard, such as the engine of a hos-
tile aeroplane, the shells do not explode,
and, having once gone up into the air,
they have to come down without bursting
and flying into smaI pieces as shrapnel
does. Consequently, unless the gunner
olneratfin'' o'e pof t e cweapons i   very
careful he is quite likely to drop a dozen
shells or so among his own troops,
which is liable to make him somewhat
unpopular.
England and American Cotton.
By Professor Kuffler, Vienna.
When England was recently stated to have
granted the United States a permit to send
consignments of cotton freely to all European
countries  (which  therefore  included  the
countries at war)  the  question  of the
supply  of cotton during the war seemed
definitely  settled.  But the  wording  of
the English answer to the American note has
shown distinctly that it is no use reckoning
with the bona fide interpretation on the part
of England of the assurances given by her.
The expression of the suspicion that cotton
bales might be used to smuggle copper
shows what expedients England reserves to
herself to prevent the shipment of cotton,
despite official declarations Lto the contrary.
Whoever has once seen a bale of American
cotton  after the  removal  of  the  iron
hoops knows that such kind of examination,
especially where fresh pressing of tTe bales
cannot take place, means the entire depre-
ciation, if not the destruction, of the ship-
ment.  Even   more  unsatisfactory  is the
statement that "England, for the sake of
her own national safety must stop all goods
addressed to the enemy. Legally there may
be an appreciable difference between capture
and stoppage but for the purposes of com-
merce such difference is non-existent as it is
not very tempting to buy goods in America,
pay for them and then receive delivery after
the war.  The United States will do well to
insist upon greater lucidity with regard to
this point.  The  danger inherent to the
shipment are sharply reflected in the prices.
Although new sources of supply have become
available cotton still costs in Europe nearly
twice as much as in America, freights re-
presenting nearly 500/o of the value of the
goods.
10.000 Sightseers at Scarborough.
The North-Eastern Railway Company
ran excursion trains from Leeds, York,
and many other northern towns for York-
shiremen to see the damage done. The
excursionists overwhelmed the railway
company, who had to enlarge trains
hurriedly or run them in duplicate.
Nearly 10,000 excursionists came into
the town during one day. Restaurant-
keepers benefited, and taxicabs were con-
stantly  engaged   A  cabdriver said it
was t -    . -ay lie had  ever had   in
his lite.  Picture-postcard  sellers took
mole miioey hul tihe viailm.
Shells "All 'Ot."
The most curious trade, and also the
one showing the finest percentage of
profit, was that of the small boys who
sold pieces of shell-big lumps two-
pence, splinters a penny. Never before
was such a market for old iron any-
where. One smart lad warmed up bits
in a chestnut-baking outfit and sold them
for shells "all 'ot."  The visitors must
have taken away a ton or more of metal.
just over 200 nouses have been damag-
ed, and the best estimate so far obtain-
able places the loss at about £48,000.
This includes damage to furniture as
well as to buildings.  In strict law  the
sufferers have no claim for compensation,
but there is a general feeling that the
losers should receive some consideration
from the Government.
To Travellers in Italy.
Bologna, that quaint mediaeval city of
Northern Italy harbours many attractions for
lovers of nature and friends of art, well
worth a short or prolonged visit. Americans
in particular have always been gratified with
their stay at Bologna and more particularly
with the reception given to them in a
spacious fifteenth cenury palazzo which on
closer inspection turns out to be an hotel:
the Grand Hotel Bran, famous all the world
over for its fine hospitality extended to all
comers - not without its monetary equi-
valent, of course. Mr. Frank, the proprietor,
it may safely be__said, is better known to
people from all over the globe, than many
a Cabinet Minister of a great Power.- All
those who have visited the Grand HotelBrun
will lake with them a lasting memory of his
genial personality.
VIENNA.
Vienna Hotels.
The Grand Hotel
I.   KArntnerring    9.
First Class Hotel. Prices of the Rooms include
light and attendance. Warm WaterCentral Heating.
Tariff in every Room. Typewriting Office. Safe
Deposit. Lift Bath Rooms on each Floor. Vacuum
Cleaner. Cabin Booking Office of the Norddeutscher
Lloyd. Railway Ticket Office. The Tariff Plan is
sent free on application. - Electric Automobile.
HOTEL KAISERIN ELISABETH,
First-class Hotel, in central position (Kaertnerstrasse, clo
to St. Stephani's Square). Every modern comfort. IEx
cellent Cuisine. Moderate charges.
F. HEGER, Proprietor.
Vienna
Boarding Houses.
ATLANTA. IX. Wahringerstr. 33
All modern comfort. Moderate prices.
Family Pension     Banfort U"i""^sitA'
strasse 6, Mezzan. Tel. 12 160.
E ntrance
CITY, Stefansplatz          snentrr2,
Lift, Bath Excellent cooking.
ITALY.
Or1nd Hotel Brun, ologna
Steam-Heating - Lift - Premises for Motor Car
Branch Houses:
Station Buffet, Bologna  -  Grand  Hotel, Marsellie
Hotel Hauffe, Leipzig o
SAN K          prtationof
J. F.  RANKFrank's own Wines
Grand Hotel Baglioni
Bologna-Florence
L
HOTEL CENTRFL
Via S.Sebastiano .. Qienoa
Propr.: A. Kienast & Co.
In the center of the town-Completely
renovated with all modern comfort -
Omnibus to all the trains.
Open all the year. 90 beds.
I
SAVOY HOTEL - Rome
15, Via Ludovisi
Proprietor: J. Lengyel
Near Villa Borghese. Tram to all
parts  of city  passes  hotel.  Near
dowager queen's residence.
Open from September to June.
150 beds.
The "[ologe azelle"
(Kalnische Zeitung)
I. Daily   Edition:
Leading political Journal of Germany,
with a large circulation at home and
abroad. Daily 4 editions; each and
all replete with up-to-date matter.
Invaluable to the Advertiser, as the
paper guarantees his success.
 II. Weekly Edition =
of the "Cologne Gazette".
Appears Thursdays and contains a
resum6 of the news of the week.
A "sine qua non" for Exporters.
For terms of Subscription and charge
for advertisements for both papers
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Cologne, Breite Strafle 64.
OF PERMANENT VALUE TO ALL STUDENTS
OF THE WAR
THE CONTINENTAL TIMES WAR BOOK
A COLLECTION OF THE IMPORTANT ARTICLES
PUBLISHED IN OUR PAPER DURING THE WAR.
CONTRIBUTIONS BY WM. C. SLOANE, THOMAS
C. HALL, JOHN STODDARD, JOHN W. BURGESS,
BENJAMIN J. WHEELER, COUNT ANDRASSY.
,BARON VON HENGELMTLLER, PROF. E. MEYER
AND OTHERS.
RN EPITOME OF THE WAR FOR AMERICANS
READY IN FEBRUARY.
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