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XII 
THE CRUSADE OF 
FREDERICK II 
 After the loss of Damietta the Christian world fastened its attention and
hopes upon the emperor Frederick II. Less importance might have been attached
to his activities had the papal legate 
 Basic sources include the first three volumes of J. L. A. Huillard-Bréholles,
Historia diplomatica Friderici Secundi (7 vols. in 12, Paris, 1852—1861);
papal correspondence as cited in earlier chapters; several chronicles: Chronique
d'Ernoul et de Bernard le Trésorier (ed. L. de Mas Latrie, Paris,
1 87 1); Chronica regia Coloniensis (Annales Colonienses maximi), ed. G.
Waitz, Scriptores rerum Germanicarum in usum scholarum, Hanover, 1880; L'Estoire
de Eracles empereur et la conquest de la Terre d'Outremer; La continuation
de l'Estoire de Guillaume arcesvesque de Sur (RHC, 0cc., II); Matthew Paris,
Chronica majora (ed. H. R. Luard, 7 vols., 1872—1883, Rolls Series,
LVII); Philip of Novara, Mémoires (ed. C. Kohier, Les Classiques francais
du moyen-age, Paris, 1913); Roger of Wendover, Flores historiarum (ed. H.
G. Hew lett, vols., 1886—1889, Rolls Series, LXXXIV); Richard of San
Germano, Chronica (ed. G. Pertz, 1866, MGH, SS., XIX); and several Arabic
sources: Abu-l-Fida', Kitãb al-mukhtasar ft akhbar al—bashar
(extracts tr. in RHC, Or., I, 1—165); Badr-ad--Din al—'Aini,
' Jqdal-jaman (extracts tr. in RHC, Or., II, part I, 181—250); Abu-Shamah,
Kitãb ar-raudatain (extracts tr. in RHC, Or., IV—V); Ibn-al-Athir,
Al-kamil fi-t-ta'rikh (extracts tr. in RHC, Or., I, II, part I); al-Maqrizi,
Akhbar Misr (tr. E. Blochet, "Histoire d'Egypte," ROL, VI—XI, 1898—1908).
 The important monographs on the crusades of Frederick II are R. Röhricht,
Die Kreuz fahrt Kaiser Friedrichs des Zweiten (Berlin, 1872), reprinted with
revisions in his Beitrage zur Geschichte der Kreuzzuge, I (Berlin, 1874),
1-1 12; and E. Kestner, Der Kreuzzug Friedrichs II. (Gottingen, 1873). General
works treating the crusade include: R. Grousset, Histoire des croisades et
du royaume franc de Jerusalem, III (Paris, 1936); K. Hampe, Deutsche Kaiser
geschichte in der Zeit derSalierundStaufer (6th ed., Leipzig, 1929, 10th
ed., Heidelberg, 1949); E. Kantorowicz, Kaiser Friedrich der Zweite (2nd
ed., Berlin, 1928; tr. E. O. Lorimer, London and New York, 193 i); F. von
Raumer, Geschichte der Hohenstaufen und ihrer Zeit (3rd ed., 6 vols., Leipzig,
1857—1858, reprinted Berlin, 1943); F. W. Schirrmacher, Kaiser Friedrich
der Zweite (4 vols., Gottingen, 1859—1865); and E. Winkelmann, Kaiser
Friedrich II. (2 vols., Leipzig, 1889—1897). 
 On Frederick and the popes, several of the works listed in the bibliography
of the preceding chapter continue to be relevant. In addition, the following
are especially useful: C. de Cherrier, Histoire de la lutte des papes et
des empereurs de la maison souabe (2nd ed., 3 vols., Paris, 1858—1859);
A. Hauck, Kirchengeschichte Deutschlands, IV (Leipzig, 1903); R. Honig, Rapporti
tra Federico II. e Gregorio IX. rispetto alla spedizione in Palestina (Bologna,
1896); W. Knebel, Kaiser Fri edrich II. und Papst Honorius III. in ihren
gegenseitigen Beziehungen von der Kaiserkronung Friedrichs bis zum Tode des
Papstes 1220—1227 (MUnster, 1905); C. Kohler, Das Verhaitnis Kaiser
Friedrichs II. zu den Paysten seiner Zeit (Breslau, 1888); J. Marx, De vita
Gregorii IX (Berlin, 1889); and C. Rodenberg, "Kaiser Friedrich II. und die
Kirche" (Historische Aufsatze, dem Andenken an Georg Waitz gewidmet, Hanover,
1886). 
 On Frederick II in relation to Syria and Cyprus see: J. Delaville le Roulx,
Let Hospitaliers en Terre Sainte et a Chypre 1100—1310 (Paris, 1904);
G. F. Hill, A History of Cyprus (4 vols., Cambridge, 1940—1952); Philip
of Novara, The Wars of Frederick II against the Ibelins in 
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