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United States. Office of Indian Affairs / Annual report of the Commissioner of Indian Affairs, for the year 1855
([1855])
[Texas Indians], pp. 177-186
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Page 178
REPORT OF THE make their own bread. Accompanying, I beg leave to submit Special Agent Hill's report of 31st August, which will inform you more in detail in regard to his operations. There are now settled on this reservation, as you will perceive by reference to the census rolls herewith enclosed, 794 Indians of the fol- cowing tribes, to wit: 205 Anadahkos, 188 Caddoes, 136 Tahwac- lorrocs, 94 Wacoes, and 171 Tonkahwas. They embrace a majority of the above tribes, and it is confidently expected that before the end of the present fiscal year, the whole of them will be settled down permanently. As regards the Indians already settled down on this reservation, I must say that, for good behavior, morality, and in- dustry they have far exceeded my most sanguine expectations; there has not been, within my knowledge, a single case of drunkenness, and not a gallon of spirits sold on the reservation; this is simply the result of the wishes of the Indians themselves, as there has been no police, and there has been but one depredation committed, as far as known, upon any of the white settlers in the neighborhood; when application was made to the chief, the offender was immediately given up and reparation made. I must say, that a more peaceful and quiet settlement does not exist in any portion of Texas than is now found on this reservation, and all that visit it are astonished at the progress made by the Indians in the arts of civilized life. So far as the tribes above named are concerned, the policy now pursued can no longer be called an experiment. There are now settled on the reservation on Clear Fork, Brazos, 277 Comanches. The season was so far advanced before they could be located that it was impossible to commence farming operations this season, but from the disposition evinced by them, and the willingness with which they have submitted to all the requisitions of the agents, and from their anxiety to remain as permanent settlers, I have no doubt of success in their settlement, and that in a short time the whole southern band will settle down. You will perceive, by the census roll, that their numbers are gradually increasing. It has been very difficult to do away with the mistrust engendered by the mili- tary movements last winter, and it will require time and great care to make them understand the advantages of the present policy. I do not consider our exertions, so far, a test of what may be done to settle them down, as they were only removed to their lands about the 1st of June, and the changes in the Indian agents have rendered it impos- sible to give them a resident agent on the reservation; consequently, their settlement has not, as yet, assumed that degree of permanency which is apparent on the lower reservation. Having to devote my whole time to the duties that should be properly discharged by the resi- dent agents, I have had no opportunity of negotiating with any of the bands who are now absent. I confidently expect, during the present fall, a large increase to the Comanche settlements; I have been for about two months in correspondence with the chief, Sanaco, who went off last winter ; he has promised to come in this fall. In accord- ance with your instructions, (to establish temporary rules for the gov- ernment of the reservations,) I, in concert with Special Agent Hill, have done so; the Indians acknowledging the treaty of 1846 as still 178
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