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PERSONAL RECOLLECTIONS OF
                          CHAPTER XXXIV.
                  FROM INDIAN TERRITORY TO ARIZONA.
SITUATION IN THE INDIAN TERRITORY IN 1885-TIHE UTES IN NEW MEXICO AND COLORADO-VISIT
    TO THE CHEYE'NNES A-ND ARAPAIHOES-BEGINNINGS OF NEW APACHE TROUBLES IN
        ARIZONA-EARLY ARIZONA, AND EEARLIEST EXPLORATIONS -ANCIENT RUINS
               -CHARACTER OF TIlE COUNTRY -MINES -POPULATION.
N this chapter it will be necessary to revert to occurrences fol-
lowing my transfer from the command of the Department of the
Columbia to that of the Missouri, and thence to that of Arizona.
    In 1885, and for some time previous to that year there had
 been clashing between the interests of the Indians in the Indian
 Territory and the owners of the ilninense herds of cattle that
        roamed over their reservations.  This, in the summer of 1885,
        seemed ready to ripen into open hostilities. A large part of the
        Territory had been leased, under authority of the government,
fenced in, and to some extent stocked with cattle.
   On account of this authorized occupation of the Territory by white
men connected with the cattle interest, a large number were either perma-
nently located there or moving back and forth through the country to
attend to their affairs. It also gave opportunity for a large number of
lawless men to travel about the Territory, the result being that many
disorderly acts were committed against the persons and property of the
Indians. This created a feeling of discontent, disaffection and hostility
on the part of the Indians toward the white people.
   As a result of these disturbances, in July, 1885. I was assigned by the
President to the command of the Department of the Missouri, of which
department the Indian Territory formed a part, and one-fourth of the army
was placed at my disposal. Under telegraphic orders I proceeded from
Vancouver, Washington, to General Sheridan's headquarters, Chicago, and
thence to the Indian Territory.
   Upon investigation I found that, as usual, the Indians were not entirely
in the wrong. The disaffected IUtes in northern New Mexico and Colorado
were in a most desperate state, and only withheld from actual outbreak
by the presence of troops in their nmidst. Six of their number had been
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