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 xxiiiFOREWORD 
 That the present volume should follow its predecessor so quickly, despite
some unforeseen delays, is a source of satisfaction to the editors. Unfortunately,
however, the satisfaction is overshadowed by the recent deaths of three of
our crusading comrades—Professor Marshall W. Baldwin, Dr. T. S. R.
Boase, and Professor Urban T. Holmes. Baldwin was co-editor of the first
volume of this work. Holmes wrote the first chapter in the present volume,
for the rest of which Boase has been largely responsible. 
 President of Magdalen College, Oxford, for more than twenty years, vice-chancellor
of the University, director of the Courtauld Institute, and sometime professor
in the University of London, T. S. 
R. Boase was a generous friend, an inspiring teacher, and a gifted scholar.
For almost twenty-five years he watched, with his customary patience and
good humor, our prolonged efforts to get these volumes into print. He never
complained of our slow progress although, as I recall, we first received
his chapters in 1950. Two years before his death, however, he undertook the
revision which brought them up to date. As critical in the appraisal of his
own work as he was charitable in the judgment of others', he would have welcomed
the enlargement of his treatment of art in the Latin kingdom of Jerusalem
which Professor Jaroslav Folda has added to this volume. 
 We are grateful to Mrs. Jean T. Carver for the preparation of much of the
typescript of this volume and to Dr. David L. Gassman for his careful proofreading.
As we turn to Volume V, we begin to hope that the end of our long journey
is finally in sight. 
KENNETH M. SETTON 
The Institute for Advanced Study 
Princeton, New Jersey 
March 15, 1976