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Wolff, R. L.; Hazard, H. W. (ed.) / The later Crusades, 1189-1311
(1969)
XVIII: The Kingdom of Cilician Armenia, pp. 630-659
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Page 630
XVIII THE KINGDOM OF CILICIAN ARMENIA n the course of the eleventh century large numbers of the Armenian population left their homeland and migrated west and southwest of the Euphrates, to regions already settled by Arme nians at an earlier period. The first important wave of emigrants accompanied the kings of Vaspurkan, Ani, and Kars, and other Extracts and translations of the principal Armenian sources are collected in RHC, Arm., I. To these should be added: V. A. Hakopian, Short Chronicles (in Armenian; a vols., Erevan, 1951—1956; the first volume of this publication has a critical edition of the Chronology of Heçoum [pp. 65-101], attributed by the editor to king Heçoum II instead of to Heçoum ["Hayton"] the historian); and R. P. Blake and R. N. Frye (eds.), History of the Nation of the Archers (the Mongols) by Grigor of Akanc' (Cambridge, Mass., The anonymous Cilician Chronicle, preserved in a manuscript of the Mekhitharist Library in Venice and referred to by Alishan as the Royal Chronicle, is a most important source. The complete photographs, made for the late Robert P. Blake and lent by him to Professor Joseph Skinner, were put at the author's disposal by the latter, together with his translation; she wishes to express. her sincere thanks to him. Since the present chapter was written, the Venice manuscript has been published by S. Akelian, under the title Chronicle of the General Sempad (in Armenian; Venice-San Lazzaro, 1956). Miss Der Nersessian, the author of this chapter, has retained in both the text and the footnotes the former designation of "Cilician Chronicle" but has given the page references to Akelian's edition. For an identi fication of this published text with Alishan's "Royal Chronicle" and its attribution to Sempad, cf. S. Der Nersessian, "The Armenian Chronicle of the Constable Smpad or of the ' Royal Historian'," Dumbarton Oaks Papers, XIII 143—168. Among the sources one should include the colophons of manuscripts, which often give valuable historical information: Garegin I Hovsepian, Colophons of Manuscripts (in Armenian; Antilias, 1951), with colophons down to the year 1250; and L. S. Khachikian, Colophons of Armenian Manuscripts of the XIVth century (in Armenian; Erevan, 1950). For various charters and other acts, see: V. Langlois, Le Trésor des chartes d'Armenie (Paris, 1863); Cornelio Desimoni, "Actes passes en 1271, 1274. et 1279 a l'AIas (Petite Arménie) et a Beyrouth par devant des notaires génois," Archives de l'orient latin, I, 434—534; and L. Alishan, L'Armeno— Veneto (a vols., Venice - San Lazzaro, 1893). The principal Syriac sources are the anonymous chronicle translated by A. S. Tritton and H. A. R. Gibb, "The First and Second Crusades from an Anonymous Syriac Chronicle," Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society, 1933, pp. 69—10 1, 273—305; Michael the Syrian (tr. J. B. Chabot, Chronique de Michel le Syrien, Patriarche Jacobite d'Antioche, 3 vols., Paris, 1899— Armenian version, tr. V. Langlois, Chronique de Michel le Grand, Venice, 1868); and Bar Hebraeus (tr. E. A. Wallis Budge, The Chronography of Gregory Abu 'l Faraj commonly known as Bar Hebraeus, Oxford, 1932). The principal Arabic sources are: Abu'l-Fidã', Kitãb al-mukhtasar (extracts in RHC, Or., I, 1-1 15); Ibn-al-Athir, Al-kamil fi-t-ta'rikh (extracts in RHC, Or., I, 187—744, and II, part x); Ibn-al-Qalanisi, Dhail ta'rikh Dimashq (extracts translated by H. A. R. Gibb, The Damascus Chronicle of the Crusades, London, 1932, and by R. Le Tourneau, Damas de 1075 d 1154, Paris, 1952); al-Jazari, Hawadith az-zaman (extracts and summaries by J. Sauvaget, La 630
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