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Bureau of Mines / Minerals yearbook: Metals, minerals, and fuels 1972
Year 1972, Volume 1 (1972)
Ampian, Sarkis G.
Clays, pp. 301-327 ff.
PDF (2.9 MB)
Page 301
301Clays By Sarkis C. Ampian Clays in one or more of the classification categories (kaolin, ball clay, fire clay, bentonite, fuller's earth, or common clay and shale) were produced in 47 States and Puerto Rico. Clay production was not reported in Alaska, the District of Columbia, Rhode Island, or Vermont. The States leading isa output were Georgia, 6.2 million -tons; Texas, 5.2 million tons; and Ohio, 4.1 million tons; followed in order by North Carolina, Alabama, and California. Georgia also led in total value of clay output with $132.3 million; Wyoming was second with $18.5 million. Compared with 1971 figures, clay production increased in 31 States and value increased in 29 States. Total quantity of clays sold or used by domestic producers in 1972 was approximately 5% higher than in 1971, and total value was approximately 10% higher. Both the total tonnage and value of clays produced were alltime highs. Modest increases in value per ton were reported -for all clays except fuller's earth and kaolin, which declined slightly in value. Kaolin in 1972 accounted for only 9% of the total clay production but for 45% of the domestic clay and shale value. Table 1.—Salient clay and clay products statistics in the United States 1 (Thousand short tons and thousand dollars) 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 Domestic clays sold or used by producers Value Exports Value Imports for consumption Value Clay refractories, shipments (value) Clay construction products, shipments (value) - - - - 57,348 $246,938 1,519 $44,134 97 $1,951 $229,660 $590,776 58,694 $264,415 1,574 $45,767 82 $1,750 $257,507 $608,982 54,853 $267,912 2,076 $66,116 87 $1,802 $256,384 $554,431 56,666 $274,431 1,973 $65,329 64 $1,501 $236,563 $641,567 59,456 $303,022 1,847 $66,216 67 $1,309 $274,679 $722,236 Excludes Puerto Rico. DOMESTIC PRODUCTION, PRICES, AND FOREIGN TRADE, BY TYPE OF CLAY KAOLIN Domestic production of kaolin in 1972 and its reported total value increased 9%. The average unit value for all grades of kaolin in 1972 was $25.75 per ton, $0.04 lower than in 1971. Kaolin was produced in mines in 17 States. Two States, Georgia (74.6%) and South Carolina (12.8%), accounted for 87.4% of the total U.S. production in 1972. Arkansas ranked third, Alabama fourth, and Texas fifth. Output in 1972 declined in Arizona, Arkansas, Idaho, Ohio, Oregon, and Utah. Increased production was noted in California, Flor ida, Georgia, Missouri, Nevada, North Carolina, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, and Texas. A new producing State in 1972 was Minnesota. Kaolin is defined as a white claylike material approximating the mineral kaolinite. It has a specific gravity of 2.6 and a fusion point of 1,785° C. The other kaolin-group minerals, such as halloysite and dickite, are encompassed. During 1972 Burgess Pigment Co. added an additional flash calciner at its Sandersville, Ga., facility, and Engelhard Minerals & ' Physical scientist, Division of Nonmetallic Minerals—Mineral Supply.
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