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Adam, Robert, 1728-1792 / The works in architecture of Robert and James Adam = Les ouvrages d'architecture de Robert et Jaques Adam
Volume I (1900)
Preface [V. Designs for the King and Queen, and the Princess Dowager of Wales, &c.]
PREFACE. W HOEVER attempts to trace the progrefs of nations in fcience or in tafre, will meet with fingular appea- rances, of which it is not eafy to give any account. In Italy, national genius awakened at once, and exerted itfelf with vigour, in every direction. The fixteenth century is the fplendid age of that country; and during the courfe of it, flourithed the great poets, hiflorians, painters, fculp- tors, architeds, and muficians, whom the Italians fill con- fider as the models of perfed compofition, and follow as their maflers and guides. In England, the firft efforts of national genius, though more circumfcribed, were not lefs vigorous. This country can boaft of poffeffing a great dramatic poet, long before any nation on the north fide of the Alps had produced an author worthy of that name. The exertions of England in the culture of fcience have been ftill greater, and more meritorious. Bacon early pointed out the path by which genuine philofophy fhould advance to the difcovery of truth. By adhering to it, New- ton penetrated into the fecrets of nature, and explained its laws. Locke traced and developed the operations of the human mind. But whilft England led the way in thofe important inveftigations, Ihe could not boaft of the fame pre-emi- nence in the fine arts. In painting, fculpture, architedure, and mufic, her progrefs was extremely flow; and in all of them fhe has been far excelled by other nations of modern Europe. If, however, we were to diftinguith any one of thefe arts as more cultivated and more fuccefsful in England, we thould not hefitate to fay it was Architedure. Inigo Jones, who had long fludied in Italy, rescued this art in a confiderable degree from the Gothicifm of former times, and began to introduce into his country a love of that ele- gance and refinement which charaderife the productions of Greece and Rome. Inftruded and encouraged by his example, Sir Chrifto- pher Wren became more chafte; and having the felicity to be employed in executing the moft magnificent work of Englifh architedure, he was enabled to difplay greater extent of genius. Vanburgh underflood better than either the art of living among the great. A commodious arrangement of apartments was therefore his peculiar merit. But his lively imagination fcorned the refiraint of any rule in com- pofition; and his paffion for what was fancifully magni- ficent, prevented him from difcerning what was truly fimple, elegant, and fublime. Campbell, PREFACE. Q UICONQUE effye de tracer les progr~s des na- tions en matieres de fcience ou de gout, trouvera des apparences fingulieres, dont il n'eft pas aif6 d'expliquer les caufes. En Italic, le genie national s'eft reveille tout d'un coup, et s'eft repandu vigoureusement de tous c6tes. Le feizieme fi~cle eft l'age brillant de cc paYs. Ce fut pendant fon cours qu'y fleurirent les grands potes, hifloriens, peintres, fculpteurs, architedes, et muficiens, que les Italiens regardent comme les modeles de parfaite compofition, et qu'ils fuivent encore comme leurs maitres et guides. En Angleterre, les premiers efforts de genie national, quoique plus circonfcrits, n'en furent pas moins vigoureux. Elle peut fe vanter d'avoir poffede un grand pote dramatique, long-tems avant qu'aucune autre nation au nord des Alpes cut produit un feul auteur digne de cc nom. Les opera- tions de l'Angleterre dans la culture des fciences ont dtd encore plus grandes et plus meritoires. Bacon indiqua de bonne heure le fentier par lequel la vraie philofophie doit avancer vers la ddcouverte de la verit6. En y adherent, Newton pdnetra dans les fecrets de la nature, et expliqua fes loix. Locke traca et developa les operations de l'efprit humain. Mais pendant que l'Angleterre prenoit le devant dans ces importantes recherches, elle ne pouvoit pas fe vanter d'une pareille preeminence dans les beaux-arts. Dans la peinture, la fculpture, l'architedure, et la mufique, fes pro- gras furent extrmement lents; et elle y a &t6 beaucoup fur- paff6 par d'autres nations de l'Europe moderne. Si, cependant, nous voulions diftinguer quelqu'un de ces arts comme etant le plus cultive et le plus Hloriffant en Angleterre, nous n'h'fiterions pas de dire que c'etoit l'ar- chitedture. Inigo Jones, qui avoit 6tudi' long-tens en Italie, fit de grandes .avances pour la d(livrer du Goth- cifme des terns ant'rieurs, et commenca d'introduire dans cc pafs un amour pour cette elegance et cc raffinement qui caracdrifent les producions de la Grece et de Rome. Inflruit et encourage par fon example, le Chevalier Chriflopher Wren devint plus chafte; et ayant le bonheur d'etre employ6 dans l'execution du plus magnifique ouvrage d'architedure Angloife, il s'eft trouv6 en ctat de deployer une plus grande dtendue de genie. Vanburgh entendoit mieux qu'aucun d'eux l'art de vivre parmi les grands. Un arrangement commode d'ap- partments devint, par cette raifon, fon m'rite particulier. Mais la vivacitd de fon imagination dddaigna la contrainte d'aucune regle en compofition; et fa paflion pour cc qui 6toit ingdnieufement magnifique, l'empdcha de fuivre le vrai fimple, 1l&gant, et fublime. C amnpbecli, ART LIBRARY
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