Title: Richard Hartshorne Papers
Inclusive Dates: 1914-1992

Creator:

• Hartshorne, Richard, 1899-1992

Call Number: AGSL Manuscript Collection 28

Quantity: 3.2 cubic ft. (8 boxes)
Repository:

University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee Libraries, American Geographical Society Library

Archival Locations:

UW-Milwaukee Libraries, American Geographical Society Library (Map)

Abstract:

The papers of Richard Hartshorne, a geographer who specialized in political and economic geography, as well as the philosophy of geography. He taught at the University of Minnesota and the University of Wisconsin-Madison. The collection contains correspondence, writings, articles, notes, and photographs.

Language: English

URL to cite for this finding aid: http://digital.library.wisc.edu/1711.dl/wiarchives.uw-agsl-agslmss0028

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Richard Hartshorne was born in Kittanning, Pennsylvania on December 12, 1899. Hartshorne graduated from Princeton University with a degree in mathematics in 1920. While preparing to enroll for an advanced degree in mathematical studies, Hartshorne was influenced by the geographer Ellsworth Huntington, who suggested he focus on geography instead. Hartshorne took the advice and earned his PhD in geography from the University of Chicago in 1924. After he graduated, Hartshorne began teaching at the University of Minnesota and taught there until 1940. Hartshorne wrote much during this period, including, arguably his most enduring work, The Nature of Geography (1939). This was intended to provide a clear understanding of the nature, objective, and definition of geography during a time of competing theories and differing thought on the subject.

Hartshorne left Minnesota to become a professor at the University of Wisconsin-Madison in 1940. However, with the outbreak of war, he was not there very long. In September 1941, Hartshorne went to Washington, D.C. to organize a geography division with the Office of Strategic Services (which later became the Central Intelligence Agency). Hartshorne was then in charge of this division, which was under the Research and Analysis Branch, for the duration of World War II. He supervised over a hundred people and provided research and information on particular regions. He later served as the Assistant Chief of the Branch from 1943 to 1945. After the war, Hartshorne returned to the University of Wisconsin and remained there until he retired with Emeritus status in 1970.

Throughout his career, he continued to write and give lectures, and worked in various capacities as well. He served as the President of the Association of American Geographers (AAG) from 1949-1950 and oversaw the merger with the AAG and the American Society of Professional Geographers. He was also a faculty member with the National War College and a consultant to the Service Academy Board, Secretary of Defense. Hartshorne also received numerous honors, including the Charles P. Daly Medal from the American Geographical Society in 1959, the "Outstanding Achievement" Award from the AAG in 1960, an Honorary Doctor of Laws Degree from Clark University in 1971, and the Victoria Medal from the Royal Geographical Society in 1984. Hartshorne died in 1992.

The collection is primarily comprised of correspondence and writings, but includes reprints of articles, reports, notes, drafts, and photographs as well. It contains materials from his personal life, professional and academic work and writings, his time with the military, associations with various organizations, and files on the controversy involving the F.K. Schaefer article that challenged Hartshorne's method of geography.

The records are arranged into the following series:

1. Academic Materials, 1914-1977
2. Correspondence, 1921-1992
3. History and Methodology, 1936-1984
4. Nature of Geography, 1936-1992
5. Organizations and Symposia, 1948-1988
6. Personal, 1921-1985
7. Washington and Military Matters, 1938-1961

The files are organized alphabetically by personal name or by subject, then chronologically.

Citation Guide for Primary Sources

• Association of American Geographers Records. AGSL Manuscript Collection 23.

• American Geographical Society of New York Records. AGSNY Archival Collection 1.

Access Restrictions

There are no access restrictions on the materials, and the collection is open to all members of the public in accordance with state law.

Use Restrictions

The researcher assumes full responsibility for conforming with the laws of libel, privacy, and copyright which may be involved in the use of this collection (Wisconsin Statutes 19.21-19.39).

Custodial History

Acquisition Information

Geoffrey Martin donated the collection to the American Geographical Society Library in 1997.

Processing Information

Norman Stewart processed the collection which was originally placed in with the Association of American Geographers Records (AGSL Mss 23). Since then, the AGSL processed this as a separate manuscript collection.

	Series: 1. Academic Materials, 1914-1977
	American Association of University Professors (AAUP)
	Committee "T"
Box   1 Folder   1	"On Responsibilities Connected to Academic Freedom", 1948
Box   1 Folder   2	reports, 1953-1930
Box   1 Folder   3	"Statement of Principals", 1958-1960
Box   1 Folder   4	Critique on AAUP Statement on Tenure, 1964
Box   1 Folder   5	Miscellaneous, 1970-1971
	University Investigations
Box   1 Folder   6	Bowling Green State University, 1958-1959
Box   1 Folder   7	Long Beach State College, 1958
Box   1 Folder   8	Marian College of Fond du Lac, 1976
Box   1 Folder   9	Ohio State University, undated
Box   1 Folder   10-11	Oklahoma State University, 1964-1968
Box   1 Folder   12	Queens College, 1957-1959
Box   1 Folder   13	University of Illinois, 1949-1955
Box   1 Folder   14	University of Minnesota, 1960-1963
Box   1 Folder   15	University of Washington, 1949
Box   1 Folder   16	University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1947
Box   2 Folder   1	University of Wisconsin-Oshkosh, 1967-1968
Box   2 Folder   2	University of Wisconsin-Whitewater, 1971
	Grants
Box   2 Folder   3	Fulbright grants, 1952-1959
Box   2 Folder   4	Social Science Research Council, 1931-1932
	Lectures
Box   2 Folder   5	"Life of an Academic Professional", undated
Box   2 Folder   6	"Perspective on the Nature of Geography", Clark University, 1959
	Papers
Box   2 Folder   7	"Analysis of the Heartland Theory", 1955-1968
Box   2 Folder   8-9	"On Boundaries and Regions", 1961-1964
Box   2 Folder   10	"On the Role of Immanuel Kant in the History of Geographic Thought", 1975
Box   2 Folder   11	"Political Geography on the Modern World", 1957
Box   2 Folder   12	"Practical and Academic Regions", 1965
Box   2 Folder   13	"Region in Theory and Practice", 1974
Box   2 Folder   14	"Reminiscence - Scientism and Scholarship in Geography", 1976
Box   2 Folder   15	"Some Thought on Political Boundaries", 1974
	Publications
Box   2 Folder   16	"Concepts of Raison d'Etra and the Maturity of States", abstract, 1939-1965
Box   2 Folder   17	drafts of contributions to Encyclopedia Britannica Year Book and Social Science in General Education, 1944-1948
Box   2 Folder   18	"Economic Geography of Plant Location", 1926
Box   2 Folder   19	"Franco-German Boundary of 1871", 1949-1950
Box   2 Folder   20	"Geopolitical Position of the United States and the Soviet Union", 1946
Box   2 Folder   21	Hartshorne's contribution to The Challenge of Our Changing Times, 1953-1954
Box   2 Folder   22	"Location as a Factor in Geography", 1927-1928
Box   2 Folder   23	"On the Manufacturing Belt in Economic Geography", 1935-1948
Box   2 Folder   24	photographs of maps in publications, undated
Box   2 Folder   25	"Political-Geographic Pattern of the World", 1941-1942
Box   2 Folder   26	report to J.B. Goode on projection construction, 1923-1966
Box   2 Folder   27	requests for reprints and congratulatory comments, 1953-1960
	Referee Jobs
Box   2 Folder   28	Annals work, 1958-1960
Box   2 Folder   29	Grigg, David, "The Logic of Regional Systems", 1964-1965
Box   2 Folder   30	Hartshorne, Richard, "Critical Reading of Manuscripts", undated
Box   2 Folder   31	Lukermann, F., "Geography: de facto or de jure", 1958
Box   2 Folder   32	Renner, G.T., Geography in the Air Age, 1943
Box   2 Folder   33	Troll, Carl, critique of Eric Fischer's translation from the German, 1948
	Referee Jobs
Box   3 Folder   1	Chisholm, M., Human Geography: Evolution or Revolution, 1975-1977
Box   3 Folder   2	May, J.M., "Kant's Concept of Geography", 1970-1976
	University Matters
	Academic Freedom
Box   3 Folder   3	general, 1951-1954
Box   3 Folder   4	right of faculty to speak out, 1951-1952
Box   3 Folder   5	statements, 1955-1965
Box   3 Folder   6	Academic Tenure, 1914-1949
	Campus Unrest
Box   3 Folder   7	black power, 1969
Box   3 Folder   8	class disruption rules, article, 1970
Box   3 Folder   9	Hartshorne's role in the special faculty meeting at Madison, 1967-1970
Box   3 Folder   10	Max Lerner affair and ROTC protests, 1951-1953
Box   3 Folder   11	occupational recruiting controversy, 1967-1969
Box   3 Folder   12	role of students in university governance, 1966-1968
Box   3 Folder   13	student committee policy on subversive organizations, 1953-1964
Box   3 Folder   14	University of Wisconsin student resolution, 1967-1969
Box   3 Folder   15	Course Materials, undated
Box   3 Folder   16	Defending the PhD, 1950
Box   3 Folder   17	Faculty Governance and Administration Relations, 1949-1970
Box   3 Folder   18	Honorary Degrees, critique, 1955
	Human-Civil Rights
Box   3 Folder   19	"Can We Tolerate Intolerance?" and "Progressives, Conservatives, and Liberals", drafts, circa 1950
Box   3 Folder   20	"Delta Gamma Affair", 1962
Box   3 Folder   21	privacy of student library borrowers policy, circa 1960
Box   3 Folder   22	race and racism, 1939-1966
Box   3 Folder   23	student communist party club, 1946-1951
Box   3 Folder   24	teaching assistants strike, 1970
Box   3 Folder   25	Letters of Recommendation, 1960-1977
Box   4 Folder   1	Miscellaneous, 1948-1970
Box   4 Folder   2	Oral History Project, 1973
Box   4 Folder   3	Standards for Recommending Promotion, 1948-1951
Box   4 Folder   4	Views on Public vs. Private Universities, 1953-1955
	Series: 2. Correspondence, 1921-1992	⇧
Box   4 Folder   5	Atwood, W.W., 1921-1922
Box   4 Folder   6	Barrows, H.H., 1924-1940
Box   4 Folder   7	Bowman, Isaiah, 1950-1975
Box   4 Folder   8	Broek, J.O.M., 1936-1954
Box   4 Folder   9	Brown, R.H., 1948
Box   4 Folder   10	Bunge, William, 1959-1985
Box   4 Folder   11	Butzer, K.W., undated
Box   4 Folder   12	Chamberlin, T.C, 1979
Box   4 Folder   13	Davis, D.H., 1938-1988
Box   4 Folder   14	Davis, W.M., undated
Box   4 Folder   15	Finch, V.C., 1940-1945
Box   4 Folder   16	Hudson, D.G, 1945-1960
Box   4 Folder   17	Inquiry discussion, 1934
Box   4 Folder   18	James, P.E., 1936-1978
Box   4 Folder   19	Jefferson, Mark, 1938-1949
Box   4 Folder   20	Jones, S.B., 1935-1959
Box   4 Folder   21	Jones, W.D., 1938-1953
Box   4 Folder   22	Leighly, John, 1939-1989
Box   4 Folder   23	Lowenthal, David, 1954-1955
Box   4 Folder   24	Lukermann, F.E., 1961-1989
Box   4 Folder   25	Martin, G.J., 1970-1988
Box   5 Folder   1-12	Miscellaneous, A-Z, 1930-1992
Box   5 Folder   13	Platt, R.S., 1938-1965
Box   5 Folder   14	Sauer, C.O., 1946
Box   5 Folder   15	Sölch, Johann, 1939-1941
Box   5 Folder   16	Trewartha, Glenn, 1934-1945
Box   6 Folder   1	Whitaker, R.J., 1979-1992
Box   6 Folder   2	Whittlesey, Derwent, 1934-1941
	Series: 3. History and Methodology, 1936-1984	⇧
	"Exceptionalism in Geography: A Methodological Examination" by F.K. Schaefer (1953)
	Article Origins and Schaefer Materials
Box   6 Folder   3	Education, articles by Schaefer and Hartshorne, 1946
Box   6 Folder   4	genesis of article, 1953-1982
Box   6 Folder   5	Hartshorne's personal relations with Schaefer, 1963-1978
Box   6 Folder   6	lists of Schaefer material at AAG and AGS, 1974-1977
Box   6 Folder   7	personal views, 1952-1969
Box   6 Folder   8	Schaefer's seminar at Iowa, 1950-1954
	Hartshorne's Responses to "Exceptionalism" and Corrective Articles
Box   6 Folder   9-10	gestation and notes of Hartshorne's published response "Exceptionalism in Geography Reexamined", 1953, undated
Box   6 Folder   11	"Hettner's Exceptionalism: Fact or Fiction?", 1976-1984
Box   6 Folder   12	"In Light of the Past", undated
Box   6 Folder   13	miscellaneous material on "Exceptionalism", 1958-1978
Box   6 Folder   14	on the positive value ascribed to "Exceptionalism", 1969-1979
Box   6 Folder   15	Schaefer on "Spatial Laws", 1973
Box   6 Folder   16	William Bunge, "Fred K. Schaefer and the Science of Geography", 1968-1969
Box   6 Folder   17	"Geography Among the Sciences", undated
Box   6 Folder   18-19	German Geographers, 1973, undated
Box   6 Folder   20	Ideographic vs. Nomothetic, 1982, undated
Box   6 Folder   21	Miscellaneous, 1978, undated
Box   6 Folder   22	Origins of the term "Physiography", 1976
	Political Geography
Box   6 Folder   23	nature of states, 1941
Box   6 Folder   24	origins of the term "Shatterzone", 1961
Box   7 Folder   1	Ratzel's contribution to political geography, 1959-1960
	Regionalism
Box   7 Folder   2	regional concept correspondence, 1936-1967
Box   7 Folder   3	"Some Remarks About the Terms Systematic and Regional Geography" by Fabio de M.S. Guimarães, 1948
Box   7 Folder   4	"Towards Contemporary Problems of Economic Regionalization of the USSR" by O.A. Kibal'cich and M.N. Stepanov, 1955
Box   7 Folder   5	"Status and Immediate Problems of Economic Geography" by V.F. Vastutin, 1936
	Series: 4. Nature of Geography, 1936-1992	⇧
Box   7 Folder   6-7	Comments on by American and Foreign Geographers, 1939-1940
Box   7 Folder   8	Hettner, Alfred, 1936-1992
Box   7 Folder   9	Manuscript Draft as Read by Jones and Platt, 1938
Box   7 Folder   10	Miscellaneous, undated
Box   7 Folder   11	Notes and References, undated
Box   7 Folder   12	Origin of the Title, 1961
	Reflections on Richard Hartshorne's the Nature of Geography by J.N. Entrikin and S.D. Brunn, notes
Box   7 Folder   13	Agnew, John, undated
Box   7 Folder   14	boundaries of science, undated
Box   7 Folder   15	Butzer, K.W., 1989
Box   7 Folder   16	defense against issue of causal relations in areal phenomena, undated
Box   7 Folder   17	defense against issue of idiographic vs. nomethetic, undated
Box   7 Folder   18-19	dualism, undated
Box   7 Folder   20	Entrikin, J.N., undated
Box   7 Folder   21	genetic role in science, undated
Box   7 Folder   22	geomorphology, undated
Box   7 Folder   23	Hettner, Elkins, and Penck, undated
Box   7 Folder   24	history in geography, undated
Box   7 Folder   25	landscape, undated
Box   7 Folder   26	physical geography, undated
Box   7 Folder   27	regionalism, undated
Box   7 Folder   28	relative location, undated
Box   7 Folder   29	response to critics, undated
Box   7 Folder   30	Schlüter and Hettner, undated
Box   7 Folder   31	Smith, Neil, 1981-1991
Box   7 Folder   32	system of science, undated
Box   7 Folder   33	views on culture, undated
Box   7 Folder   34	Reprint Lists and Requests, 1939-1941
Box   7 Folder   35	Reviews, 1940-1957
Box   7 Folder   36	Translations and Authorizations, 1947-1985
	Series: 5. Organizations and Symposia, 1948-1988	⇧
	Association of American Geographers
Box   8 Folder   1	central office space, 1988
Box   8 Folder   2	creation of AAG archives, 1973
Box   8 Folder   3	merger with the American Society of Professional Geographers, 1948
Box   8 Folder   4	policies and procedures, 1969
Box   8 Folder   5	spring field conferences, 1961-1978
Box   8 Folder   6	International Geographical Union, Stockholm, 1960
Box   8 Folder   7	Japan, lectures, 1974
Box   8 Folder   8	Polish Academy of Sciences, 1974
Box   8 Folder   9	United Kingdom, lectures, 1974
	Series: 6. Personal, 1921-1985	⇧
Box   8 Folder   10	Awards, 1959-1960
Box   8 Folder   11	Biographical Information, 1921-1958
Box   8 Folder   12	Clippings, incl. claim of being a "warmonger", 1959-1960
Box   8 Folder   13	Financial Matters, undated
Box   8 Folder   14	Miscellaneous, undated
Box   8 Folder   15	Move from Minnesota, 1934-1939
Box   8 Folder   16	Photograph Logs, 1928-1985
Box   8 Folder   17	Trips, 1921-1983
	Series: 7. Washington and Military Matters, 1938-1961	⇧
Box   8 Folder   18	Army Specialized Training Program, statement of purpose and course outlines, 1944
Box   8 Folder   19	Manuscript on Office of Strategic Services "Projects Committee", 1944
Box   8 Folder   20	National Research Council, 1938-1961
Box   8 Folder   21	National War College, comments on students and directory, 1949-1954
Box   8 Folder   22	National War College, letters of appreciation and photographs, 1950-1951
Box   8 Folder   23	U.S. Service Academy, report on roll of social sciences in curriculum, 1949
Box   8 Folder   24	U.S. State Department, consulting on European boundary problems, 1940-1942