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Chapman, J.G. (John Gadsby), 1808-1889. / The American drawing-book: a manual for the amateur, and basis of study for the professional artist: especially adapted to the use of public and private schools, as well as home instruction.
(1870 [1873 printing])

Chapter I. Primary instructions in drawing.,   pp. 11-34


Page 14

                           PRIMARY             INSTRUCTIONS.
your hand liable to get the start of your observation, and stray from its
proper direction
They should, therefore, at first, be short.  Increase their length, as you
gradually acquire facil-
ity and precision.  When you find your pen going astray, as it is apt to
do at first, leave
off, and again seeking, by your eye, the true point to start from, make another
effort; and thus,
until you can draw a line extending the entire width of the page.  Repeat
the trial from right
to left, as well as from left to right.
  7. In this lesson, you have to keep two lines, besides the one you are
drawing, under
your observation at the same time.  Simple as it may appear, it is ohe of
much importance.
You are already entering the broad field of Design, and are to consider yourself
no longer a
servile tracer.  Here, let it be urged upon the pupil to avoid, in all cases,
the pernicious habit
of tracing.  It is a tempting, but a dangerous expedient.  No one can expect
to attain profi-
ciency in off-hand drawing, that relies upon it, even as a last resource.
 Early learn to trust and
depend upon your eye and hand alone.         They will serve you well and
faithfully, when the clear
pane of glass, the transparent paper, and the many other weak resources of
weak hands, will fail.
  8. In like manner as in former, proceed with the following examples: First,
pointing off the
divisions or spaces between the faint lines, and then connecting the points
carefully; bestowing as
much time and practice on each example as your progress or improvement may
render necessary.
.........................................-..
 ..........-.... .. ........................................................
 ~....................................................-.....................
............................................................................
        --. -......~..........
.........................~..-------.~..-..-.....-.-.... ....-...-.......-....-
....... ........~.....-...-......- .-. -...........................-........
............................................................................
                       ..          . .                  . .
.........~................-.--..............................- ... ...-................
.. ~
  9. Observe that, in adjusting the points, marking the divisions of the
space between the


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