Page 171

Original Papers: Manufacturing Centres, &c.-Kiddermister.   171 
by Messrs. Garrard and is beaten up,-is fairly designed and chased, and 
(No. 4.) 
displays very fairly the admirable execution for which Messrs. Garrard's
establishment is so deservedly celebrated. 
THE MANUFACTURING CENTRES OF THE UNITED KINGDOM. 
Kidderminster. No. I. 
(Concluded from p. 132.) 
Lr us glance somewhat briefly on the varieties manufactured in the town,
with their leading characteristics and peculiarities, principally with the
intention of affording our readers an opportunity of judging for themselves
as to the capabilities and universality of the abiity of the Kidderminster
weaver, and the spirit which distinguishes its leading manufaeturers, 
First, then, we find the common or ordinary Venetian carpeting, produced
from the usual loom, the ornament consisting of a simple stripe, the warp
woollen, and the weft of thread made of hemp or cotton ; next, the 
Scotch or Kidderminster, composed entirely of wool, the figures of which
are 
recognisable on both sides, though different in colour. The three-ply Scotch
is a superior article of the same character, but of very durable texture
; the 
production of this class of carpetings has given rise to the introduction
of imjrovements in the construction of the looms of a most important kind,
and tese have successively been changed from the ordinary draw-loom, with
its attendant draw-boy, its complexity of cords, and threads, and rollers,
its 
unseemly form, to the cylinder machine of Thomas Morton, in which the 
design is traced or indicated upon a barrel in the manner of the ordinary
bar- 
rel organ, and by an arrangement the yarn is alternately or successively
raised 
and depressed to allow of the passage of the shuttle to and fro and the con-
sequent developement of the figure desired; this arrangement has in turn
given place to a modified form of the Jacqu   wherein the necessity, for
its 
extreme height as it was at   invented and made is obviated, and it is ren-
dered more compact and available; the expense, however, attendant upon the
construction of the cards has given rise to another mode of givi_  a pattern
, 
rscew ea dp             e   . t Broom an   d ,  sgn 
which will be alluded to   its proper place.            t   is generally
understood, wer  e                                          gfirst to introduce
te Jacquard-loom into Kidderminster, 
The Brussels carpeting, we need hardly state, is a one-sided carpet, the
ground- 
Sfr                             d woof of strong linen thread, which is o
wor   of wh c   f ed   t f ii w a p  "r  ao       11    1  1 
cealed under the external patte~rn of coloured yarns, which gives the design;
the 
texture is produced by tie insertion of a wire or p in of iron, w hich, after
the 
shuttle has passed in front of and secured, is withdrawn. Wilton i  iia 
U.t                                        ot firs  tloo  c  o p ie idurta
th   round- 
to Brussels, with the exfption th ththe upper  t 
with a small instrument  caled a  ; this, dividing the loop, sets the fibres
trve  u     d' f  urae  c   n  cev 
of the yar fee, and produces that exquisitely soft surfc e sin t e 
Royal Wilton is effected by the introduction of a 'pile" or wire of
greater 
depth, thereby giving greater height to the loop, and when out consequently